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Arh 329 > Final Exam Deck > Flashcards

Final Exam Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Romanesque*

A
  • France: 12th Century
  • Rounded arches in architecture and thick walls
  • Dark
  • Retained many Roman features
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2
Q

Gothic Period*

A
  • 1200-1400 AD
  • Clustered piers, stained glass, pointed arches
  • Flying buttresses, ribbed vaulting, rose windows
  • Luminescent
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3
Q

High Renaissance

A
  • 1495-1520
  • Classical culture, perspective, proportion, and human anatomy
  • The leading artists: Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo
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4
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci*

A
  • 1452-1519
  • Quintessential “renaissance man”
  • Studied art, botany, geology, geography, cartography, zoology, military, engineering…
  • Optical understanding of perspective, light, and color
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5
Q

Counter-Reformation

A
  • 1545-1648
  • The Catholic Church’s response to the establishment of Protestantism
  • Launched by Pope Paul III
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6
Q

Mannerism

A
  • 1520s
  • Response to the High Renaissance style of Florence, Rome, and Venice
  • Characteristics of Mannerism is “style” (as in stylish, cultured, and/or elegant”
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7
Q

Baroque Art*

A
  • Italy: 1600-1715
  • Tension, movement, strong, and full of energy
  • Francesco Borromini, Caravaggio, Artemisia Gentilleschi
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8
Q

Caravaggio*

A
  • 1573-1610
  • Criticized as the “antichrist of painting” for his outspoken disdain for the classical masters
  • The Stark contrast of light and dark was a key feature of his style
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9
Q

Artemisia Gentilleschi*

A
  • 1593-1653
  • Female artist following the style of Caravaggio.
  • She was raped by her tutor and put on trial where she was tortured.
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10
Q

Rococo

A
  • France: 1715-1800
  • Light and airy movement
  • About love and joy
  • Well known artists of this style include Germain Boffrand
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11
Q

Neoclassicism*

A
  • 18th century
  • Artistic movement from a revival of interests in ancient art of Greece and Rome
  • Historically correct settings and costumes and stimulated by the new scientific interest in classical antiquity
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12
Q

Romanticism*

A
  • 1750-1850
  • Appreciation for nature
  • Emerged from a desire for freedom
  • Showed feeling in response to Neoclassicism
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13
Q

Delacroix

A
  • 1798-1863
  • Artist whose work epitomized Romantic colorist painting
  • Use of expressive brushstrokes and color inspired Impressionism and Symbolism
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14
Q

Pre-Raphaelites*

A
  • 1850s-1890s
  • English Romantic movement. Power is drawn from nature
  • Women as mystical and strange (typically depicted having red hair)
  • Artists: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John William Waterhouse, and Sir John Everett Millais
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15
Q

Loreena Mckennitt*

A
  • 1957-present
  • Contemporary Canadian Celtic Romantic musician
  • Pre-Raphaelite influences: The Bonny Swan, The Lady of Shalott
  • “The Mummy Dance”
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16
Q

Realism

A
  • Mid-19th century
  • Movement that developed in France and focused on real people and events during the time
  • Artist for style: Gustave Courbet
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17
Q

Gustave Courbet

A
  • 1819-1877
  • Leading figure of the Realist movement
  • Depictions of mundane, working-class laborers and peasants
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18
Q

Impressionism*

A
  • 1870s
  • Art movement that built on realism
  • Themes favored real life but conveyed the elusiveness and impermanence of the subjects
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19
Q

Edouard Manet

A
  • 1832-1883
  • Utilized realist principals but also led to the development of Impressionism
  • French artist of both Impressionism and Realism
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20
Q

Claude Monet*

A
  • 1840-1926
  • French Impressionist artist
  • Artwork had emphasis on nature
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21
Q

Post-Impressionism

A
  • 1880s
  • Revitalization of line, pattern, form, and color.
  • Paul Cezanne: “Still life with apples and fruit, 1882”
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22
Q

Vincent Van Gogh*

A
  • 1853-1890
  • Dutch Post-Impressionist
  • Wanted to remove the barrier between self and the universe.
  • Cut his ear off
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23
Q

Edvard Munch*

A
  • 1863-1944
  • Norwegian Impressionist and Post-Impressionist
  • “The Scream, 1893”: landscape of his mind.
  • Painting got destroyed
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24
Q

Symbolism*

A
  • Late 19th century
  • Representation of nature becomes subjective
  • Artist of style: Gustav Klimt
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25
Gustav Klimt
- 1863-1918 - Symbolist Viennese Artist - "The Kiss: 1907-1908"
26
Art Nouveau
- Late 19th century - Named after shop in Paris called L’Art Nouveau - Based on natural forms but could be mass-produced
27
Art Deco
- 1920-1930s - Influenced by cubism and shattered angles - Rich, sumptuous material
28
Frank Lloyd Wright*
- 1867-1959 - American Architect - Sought to develop organic unity of planning, structure, materials and site. - Motto: "Form follows function"
29
Fred Astaire (1899-1987) and Ginger Rogers (1911-1995)
- Curvilinear dancing - Ginger’s dress moved in curvilinear patterns - Fred Astaire starred in a movie with Vera Ellen
30
Depression Modern
- 1930s - Curvilinear - Plucked eyebrows, moon face, platinum blonde - Influences: Jean Harlow and Shirley Temple
31
WWI*
- 1914-1918 - Local Princes and Kings Ousted – Beginnings of modern Nation boundaries - First war fought with modern technology - Led to extreme violence and a shift in Artistic styles
32
Dada*
- Early 20th century - Anti-Art movement (all art is dead) - Influenced by the ridiculous brutality of war
33
Marcel Duchamp
- 1887-1968 - Took functional objects and made them useless - Readymades: Designed to question the adoration of art
34
German Expressionism
- 20th century - Used color, distortions in form, ragged outline, and agitated brushstrokes to express meaning - Artists: Kirchner, Kandinsky, Marc, Kollwitz
35
Die Brucke
- Formed 1905 - German Expressionist group - Sought to bridge the “old age” and the new - Played with perspective and color to comment on class and power inequalities
36
Cubism*
- Early 20th century - Known as the “Architecture of Color” - Prismatic reordering of reality - Major figures – Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque
37
Pablo Picasso*
- 1881-1973 - Began Cubist painting as a way to top Henri Matisse - Wanted to break down traditional perspective - Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1906)
38
Surrealism*
- 1920s - Represents the Unconscious Mind - Fusion of Symbolism, Freud and Dada
39
Salvador Dali*
- 1904-1989 - Most famous Naturalistic Surrealist - Strived to make the irrational concrete (irrational, but convincingly real) - The Persistence of Memory (1931)
40
Rene Magritte
- 1898-1967 - Challenged the assumptions underlying the reading as visual art - Explored the relationship of test to image - The Treachery (or Perfidy) of Images
41
De Stijl
- 1917 - Utopian movement in the Netherlands - Works reduced to a few lines, colors, and shapes - Founded by Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg
42
Piet Mondrian
- 1872-1944 - Used creative laws to construct a new plastic unity - Limited his pallet to the three primary colors (red, blue, and yellow), as these were pure colors - Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow (1930)
43
WWII*
- 1939-1945 - Cities - devastated, economies – ruptured, governments – in chaos - “War to end all wars” - Global catastrophe
44
Abstract Expressionism
- Emerged 1940s - First major American avant-garde movement - Abstract paintings to express the artist’s state of mind - To strike emotional chords with the viewer - Jackson Pollock, Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist)
45
The Beatles*
- Formed 1960 - Influenced by multiple artistic movements - "Yellow submarine" - LCD
46
Allen Ginsberg
- 1926-1977 - American Poet - Leader of the Beat Generation - "HOWL" - poem published in 1955
47
Post-Painterly Abstraction
- 1960s - Postwar American Art - Abstract expressionism - Clement Greenberg
48
Color-field Painting
- 1960s - Abstract art - Helen Frankenthaler - "The Bay, 1963"
49
Helen Frankenhaler
- 1928-2011 - Color field painter - Compared herself to early modernists - Canyon, 1965
50
Op Art
- 1960s - Optical art - Sought to produce optical illusions
51
Bridget Riley
- Born 1931 - Leading figure in Op Art - Signature black and white
52
Pop Art
- 1960s - Traditional imagery - Embrace of popular culture - Originated in England in mid-1950’s
53
Jasper Johns
- Born 1930 - American Pop Artist - Emphasized common objects - Three flags, 1958
54
Roy Lichtenstein
- 1923-1977 - Used mass media objects - Combination of painting and sculptures - Drowning girl, 1963
55
Andy Warhol*
- 1928-1987 - American Pop Artist - Mass Media - Depiction of American cultural icons
56
Universal Pictures*
- Founded 1912 - Carl Laemmle - "Frankenstein 1931" - "Dracula 1931"
57
Busby Berkeley*
- 1895-1976 - Hollywood movie director and musical choreographer - Kaleidoscopic dance routines
58
MGM*
- Founded 1924 - American media corporation - Founded by Marcus Loew - Sam Goldwyn - Pressured Vera Ellen to stay thin
59
Gene Kelly*
- 1912-1996 - American Actor, singer, dancer - Energetic and athletic dancing - "Singin' in the Rain (1952)"
60
Vera Ellen*
- 1921-1981 - She was a hit in film. - Received more fan mail than any other. - “appealing as a kitten, feminine as perfume and as gentle as a spring breeze” - Very petite - Didnt get make screen time in the movie era of the 1950s
61
"The Belle of New York"
- 1952 - Film produced by Arthur Freed - Vera-Ellen with Fred Astaire - Promised to take her career to new heights
62
Danny Kaye
- 1911-1987 - Wonder Man 1945 - American actor, singer, dancer, and comedian
63
"White Christmas"
- 1954 - Starring Bing Crosby, Danny Kaye, Vera-Ellen - Directed by Michael Curtiz
64
Paranoia of the 1950s
- 1950s - Happy days? - Atomic threat - Cold War - McCarthyism - Films weren't a big thing during this time period
65
Joseph McCarthy
- 1908-1957 - American Politician - Big List of Names! - Branded people and ruined careers
66
J. Robert Oppenheimer
- 1904-1967 - Brilliant physicist and teacher - Led Manhattan Project - Father of the Atom Bomb
67
Sci-Fi and Horror Films
- 1950s - Simple plot - Fear of nuclear warfare - World is turned upside-down
68
Television and Films
- 1950s - Television threatened Film - People stayed home - Tried to make Film stand out again
69
Hammer Films
- Founded 1934 - Film Company - Hammer Film Productions of England - Sex and Violence
70
Alfred Hitchcock*
- 1899-1980 - Horror Film - Started out in Electrical Engineering and other fields
71
Brad Harris*
- International star and stuntman in the 1960s and 1970s. - Body builder - The face of America in the 3rd world.
72
Spaghetti Westerns
- Popularized by Italian director Sergio Leone and Clint Eastwood - Imitation American westerns filmed in Europe - Brad Harris developed a whole separate career and alter ego named Robin McDavid
73
Luciano Stella
- 1936-2009 - Starred with Brad Harris in Kommissar X movies under the pseudonym Tony Kendall - Comic book model
74
"Kommissar X"
- 1965-1971 - Very low budget movie series - Formula echoes James Bond: supervillain, exotic locations, beautiful women, sexist dialogue, daring stunts, blaring music, title theme song
75
Ian and Casper Fleming
- Wrote the first James Bond novel in 1952 - Drew inspiration from his experiences in Britain’s naval intelligence during WWII - His son Caspar committed suicide at age 23

Arh 329 (6 decks)

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