Final Exam Deck Flashcards
1
Q
Romanesque*
A
- France: 12th Century
- Rounded arches in architecture and thick walls
- Dark
- Retained many Roman features
2
Q
Gothic Period*
A
- 1200-1400 AD
- Clustered piers, stained glass, pointed arches
- Flying buttresses, ribbed vaulting, rose windows
- Luminescent
3
Q
High Renaissance
A
- 1495-1520
- Classical culture, perspective, proportion, and human anatomy
- The leading artists: Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo
4
Q
Leonardo Da Vinci*
A
- 1452-1519
- Quintessential “renaissance man”
- Studied art, botany, geology, geography, cartography, zoology, military, engineering…
- Optical understanding of perspective, light, and color
5
Q
Counter-Reformation
A
- 1545-1648
- The Catholic Church’s response to the establishment of Protestantism
- Launched by Pope Paul III
6
Q
Mannerism
A
- 1520s
- Response to the High Renaissance style of Florence, Rome, and Venice
- Characteristics of Mannerism is “style” (as in stylish, cultured, and/or elegant”
7
Q
Baroque Art*
A
- Italy: 1600-1715
- Tension, movement, strong, and full of energy
- Francesco Borromini, Caravaggio, Artemisia Gentilleschi
8
Q
Caravaggio*
A
- 1573-1610
- Criticized as the “antichrist of painting” for his outspoken disdain for the classical masters
- The Stark contrast of light and dark was a key feature of his style
9
Q
Artemisia Gentilleschi*
A
- 1593-1653
- Female artist following the style of Caravaggio.
- She was raped by her tutor and put on trial where she was tortured.
10
Q
Rococo
A
- France: 1715-1800
- Light and airy movement
- About love and joy
- Well known artists of this style include Germain Boffrand
11
Q
Neoclassicism*
A
- 18th century
- Artistic movement from a revival of interests in ancient art of Greece and Rome
- Historically correct settings and costumes and stimulated by the new scientific interest in classical antiquity
12
Q
Romanticism*
A
- 1750-1850
- Appreciation for nature
- Emerged from a desire for freedom
- Showed feeling in response to Neoclassicism
13
Q
Delacroix
A
- 1798-1863
- Artist whose work epitomized Romantic colorist painting
- Use of expressive brushstrokes and color inspired Impressionism and Symbolism
14
Q
Pre-Raphaelites*
A
- 1850s-1890s
- English Romantic movement. Power is drawn from nature
- Women as mystical and strange (typically depicted having red hair)
- Artists: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John William Waterhouse, and Sir John Everett Millais
15
Q
Loreena Mckennitt*
A
- 1957-present
- Contemporary Canadian Celtic Romantic musician
- Pre-Raphaelite influences: The Bonny Swan, The Lady of Shalott
- “The Mummy Dance”
16
Q
Realism
A
- Mid-19th century
- Movement that developed in France and focused on real people and events during the time
- Artist for style: Gustave Courbet
17
Q
Gustave Courbet
A
- 1819-1877
- Leading figure of the Realist movement
- Depictions of mundane, working-class laborers and peasants
18
Q
Impressionism*
A
- 1870s
- Art movement that built on realism
- Themes favored real life but conveyed the elusiveness and impermanence of the subjects
19
Q
Edouard Manet
A
- 1832-1883
- Utilized realist principals but also led to the development of Impressionism
- French artist of both Impressionism and Realism
20
Q
Claude Monet*
A
- 1840-1926
- French Impressionist artist
- Artwork had emphasis on nature
21
Q
Post-Impressionism
A
- 1880s
- Revitalization of line, pattern, form, and color.
- Paul Cezanne: “Still life with apples and fruit, 1882”
22
Q
Vincent Van Gogh*
A
- 1853-1890
- Dutch Post-Impressionist
- Wanted to remove the barrier between self and the universe.
- Cut his ear off
23
Q
Edvard Munch*
A
- 1863-1944
- Norwegian Impressionist and Post-Impressionist
- “The Scream, 1893”: landscape of his mind.
- Painting got destroyed
24
Q
Symbolism*
A
- Late 19th century
- Representation of nature becomes subjective
- Artist of style: Gustav Klimt
25
Q
Gustav Klimt
A
- 1863-1918
- Symbolist Viennese Artist
- “The Kiss: 1907-1908”
26
Q
Art Nouveau
A
- Late 19th century
- Named after shop in Paris called L’Art Nouveau
- Based on natural forms but could be mass-produced
27
Q
Art Deco
A
- 1920-1930s
- Influenced by cubism and shattered angles
- Rich, sumptuous material
28
Q
Frank Lloyd Wright*
A
- 1867-1959
- American Architect
- Sought to develop organic unity of planning, structure, materials and site.
- Motto: “Form follows function”
29
Q
Fred Astaire (1899-1987) and Ginger Rogers (1911-1995)
A
- Curvilinear dancing
- Ginger’s dress moved in curvilinear patterns
- Fred Astaire starred in a movie with Vera Ellen
30
Q
Depression Modern
A
- 1930s
- Curvilinear
- Plucked eyebrows, moon face, platinum blonde
- Influences: Jean Harlow and Shirley Temple
31
Q
WWI*
A
- 1914-1918
- Local Princes and Kings Ousted – Beginnings of modern Nation boundaries
- First war fought with modern technology
- Led to extreme violence and a shift in Artistic styles
32
Q
Dada*
A
- Early 20th century
- Anti-Art movement (all art is dead)
- Influenced by the ridiculous brutality of war
33
Q
Marcel Duchamp
A
- 1887-1968
- Took functional objects and made them useless
- Readymades: Designed to question the adoration of art
34
Q
German Expressionism
A
- 20th century
- Used color, distortions in form, ragged outline, and agitated brushstrokes to express meaning
- Artists: Kirchner, Kandinsky, Marc, Kollwitz
35
Q
Die Brucke
A
- Formed 1905
- German Expressionist group
- Sought to bridge the “old age” and the new
- Played with perspective and color to comment on class and power inequalities
36
Q
Cubism*
A
- Early 20th century
- Known as the “Architecture of Color”
- Prismatic reordering of reality
- Major figures – Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque
37
Q
Pablo Picasso*
A
- 1881-1973
- Began Cubist painting as a way to top Henri Matisse
- Wanted to break down traditional perspective
- Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1906)
38
Q
Surrealism*
A
- 1920s
- Represents the Unconscious Mind
- Fusion of Symbolism, Freud and Dada
39
Q
Salvador Dali*
A
- 1904-1989
- Most famous Naturalistic Surrealist
- Strived to make the irrational concrete (irrational, but convincingly real)
- The Persistence of Memory (1931)
40
Q
Rene Magritte
A
- 1898-1967
- Challenged the assumptions underlying the reading as visual art
- Explored the relationship of test to image
- The Treachery (or Perfidy) of Images
41
Q
De Stijl
A
- 1917
- Utopian movement in the Netherlands
- Works reduced to a few lines, colors, and shapes
- Founded by Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg
42
Q
Piet Mondrian
A
- 1872-1944
- Used creative laws to construct a new plastic unity
- Limited his pallet to the three primary colors (red, blue, and yellow), as these were pure colors
- Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow (1930)
43
Q
WWII*
A
- 1939-1945
- Cities - devastated, economies – ruptured, governments – in chaos
- “War to end all wars”
- Global catastrophe
44
Q
Abstract Expressionism
A
- Emerged 1940s
- First major American avant-garde movement
- Abstract paintings to express the artist’s state of mind
- To strike emotional chords with the viewer
- Jackson Pollock, Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist)
45
Q
The Beatles*
A
- Formed 1960
- Influenced by multiple artistic movements
- “Yellow submarine”
- LCD
46
Q
Allen Ginsberg
A
- 1926-1977
- American Poet
- Leader of the Beat Generation
- “HOWL” - poem published in 1955
47
Q
Post-Painterly Abstraction
A
- 1960s
- Postwar American Art
- Abstract expressionism
- Clement Greenberg
48
Q
Color-field Painting
A
- 1960s
- Abstract art
- Helen Frankenthaler
- “The Bay, 1963”
49
Q
Helen Frankenhaler
A
- 1928-2011
- Color field painter
- Compared herself to early modernists
- Canyon, 1965
50
Q
Op Art
A
- 1960s
- Optical art
- Sought to produce optical illusions
51
Q
Bridget Riley
A
- Born 1931
- Leading figure in Op Art
- Signature black and white
52
Q
Pop Art
A
- 1960s
- Traditional imagery
- Embrace of popular culture
- Originated in England in mid-1950’s
53
Q
Jasper Johns
A
- Born 1930
- American Pop Artist
- Emphasized common objects
- Three flags, 1958
54
Q
Roy Lichtenstein
A
- 1923-1977
- Used mass media objects
- Combination of painting and sculptures
- Drowning girl, 1963
55
Q
Andy Warhol*
A
- 1928-1987
- American Pop Artist
- Mass Media
- Depiction of American cultural icons
56
Q
Universal Pictures*
A
- Founded 1912
- Carl Laemmle
- “Frankenstein 1931”
- “Dracula 1931”
57
Q
Busby Berkeley*
A
- 1895-1976
- Hollywood movie director and musical choreographer
- Kaleidoscopic dance routines
58
Q
MGM*
A
- Founded 1924
- American media corporation
- Founded by Marcus Loew
- Sam Goldwyn
- Pressured Vera Ellen to stay thin
59
Q
Gene Kelly*
A
- 1912-1996
- American Actor, singer, dancer
- Energetic and athletic dancing
- “Singin’ in the Rain (1952)”
60
Q
Vera Ellen*
A
- 1921-1981
- She was a hit in film.
- Received more fan mail than any other.
- “appealing as a kitten, feminine as perfume and as gentle as a spring breeze”
- Very petite
- Didnt get make screen time in the movie era of the 1950s
61
Q
“The Belle of New York”
A
- 1952
- Film produced by Arthur Freed
- Vera-Ellen with Fred Astaire
- Promised to take her career to new heights
62
Q
Danny Kaye
A
- 1911-1987
- Wonder Man 1945
- American actor, singer, dancer, and comedian
63
Q
“White Christmas”
A
- 1954
- Starring Bing Crosby, Danny Kaye, Vera-Ellen
- Directed by Michael Curtiz
64
Q
Paranoia of the 1950s
A
- 1950s
- Happy days?
- Atomic threat
- Cold War
- McCarthyism
- Films weren’t a big thing during this time period
65
Q
Joseph McCarthy
A
- 1908-1957
- American Politician
- Big List of Names!
- Branded people and ruined careers
66
Q
J. Robert Oppenheimer
A
- 1904-1967
- Brilliant physicist and teacher
- Led Manhattan Project
- Father of the Atom Bomb
67
Q
Sci-Fi and Horror Films
A
- 1950s
- Simple plot
- Fear of nuclear warfare
- World is turned upside-down
68
Q
Television and Films
A
- 1950s
- Television threatened Film
- People stayed home
- Tried to make Film stand out again
69
Q
Hammer Films
A
- Founded 1934
- Film Company
- Hammer Film Productions of England
- Sex and Violence
70
Q
Alfred Hitchcock*
A
- 1899-1980
- Horror Film
- Started out in Electrical Engineering and other fields
71
Q
Brad Harris*
A
- International star and stuntman in the 1960s and 1970s.
- Body builder
- The face of America in the 3rd world.
72
Q
Spaghetti Westerns
A
- Popularized by Italian director Sergio Leone and Clint Eastwood
- Imitation American westerns filmed in Europe
- Brad Harris developed a whole separate career and alter ego named Robin McDavid
73
Q
Luciano Stella
A
- 1936-2009
- Starred with Brad Harris in Kommissar X movies under the pseudonym Tony Kendall
- Comic book model
74
Q
“Kommissar X”
A
- 1965-1971
- Very low budget movie series
- Formula echoes James Bond: supervillain, exotic locations, beautiful women, sexist dialogue, daring stunts, blaring music, title theme song
75
Q
Ian and Casper Fleming
A
- Wrote the first James Bond novel in 1952
- Drew inspiration from his experiences in Britain’s naval intelligence during WWII
- His son Caspar committed suicide at age 23
