final exam deck 2 Flashcards
Summarize the obsessive part of OCD. What does it includes?
it is a cognitive event. It can be thoughts, images, impulses that just appear and there is nothing we can do.
Example, there is the fear of contamination.
Explaing shortly the compulsion part of OCD
repetitive behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform to reduce the obsessions.
Washing - ordering - counting, checking, hoarding.
example: spending hours washing the same thing thus ruining relationships which lead to social isolation.
How can we account for obsessive thoughts? two things.
Cognitive explanation - the act of thinking about unpleasant event, the perceived likelihood of it happening increases
Moral level - having bad thoughts (like killing someone) is as bad as having it carried out.
Cognitive explanations for OCD
o Overestimation of threat and negative consequences.
o Thought action fusion – having a bad thought is as bad a doing it (action)
o Perfectionism / intolerance of uncertainty.
o Ego – dystonicity. ( relating to aspects of one’s behavior or attitudes viewed as inconsistent with one’s fundamental beliefs and personality)
What are some biological factors for OCD?
encephalitis, head injuries, brain tumors.
What are the brain areas that are affected when you have OCD
frontal lobe, striatum / basal ganglia, thalamus and amydala.
What are some environemental factors for OCD
perinatal events, stress, trauma or neuroinflammation.
Increased _____ and _________ of _______ is associated with OCD
volume, metabolism, caudate nucleus
What are some options in biological treatment for OCD
SSRIs, some tricyclics, if medication and behavioral treatment does not seem to work, maybe TMS can be used.
The last measure would be psychosurgery, cingulotomy which is 50% effective
What is ERP
exposure and response prevention - it is a behavioral therapy.
o It is basically putting clients in unwanted environment – like disorderly room. And preventing them from cleaning.
o Adler viewed OCD as a result of ___________
feelings of incompetence.
o What bothers most of the patients who have SZ
stigma
Who coined the term SZ?
Bleuler
- What are some comorbidity of Sz
substance abuse, mood disorders, anxiety and personality disorders.
What the gender differences bw men and women for SZ
For men, the onset is earlier, more negative symptoms
FOr women they have more affective symptoms like dysphoria, innapropriate affect and impulsivity.
