Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Final Exam Deck > Flashcards

Final Exam Deck Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
0
Q

What is sun example of negative correlation?

A

The greater the stress, the poorer the health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Why is it sometimes useful to conduct double-blind studies?

A

Researchers may have expectations that affect their observations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In what type of sample are subgroups in the population represented proportionally?

A

Stratified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Method of overcoming fears by pairing a pleasing stimulus with a feared one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Simple form of learning in which one stimulus calls forth the response usually called forth by another stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Encoding

A

The first memory process where you are transforming information so that the nervous system can process it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State-dependent memory

A

Recalling information while experiencing the same emotions as when you first learned the information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three processes of memory?

A

Encoding, storage, and retrieval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Iconic memory

A

Visual sensory memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Semantic memory

A

Knowledge we already know but do not know where it came from

- where our knowledge of language, including its rules, words, and meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Memory

A

The process by which we recollect prior experiences, information and skills learned in the past

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Storage

A

The memory process that maintains encoded information over a period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

George Miller discovered that short-term memory is limited to about how many items?

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Episodic memory

A

Memory of an event

- pain of a broken leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Facts learned in school become apart of what type of memory?

A

Semantic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the drawback of Maintenon rehearsal?

A

It does joy connect to past learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Context dependent memory

A

Memories when you return to a place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sensory memory

A

First stage of information storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chunking

A

Organizing items into familiar or manageable units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How long can information be retained in short-term memory?

A

Ten to twelve seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What must happen in order to remember info for more than a short while?

A

It must be transferred from working to long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does paying attention contribute to information storage?

A

Causes the transfer of information from sensory memory to short-term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is one reason long term memories are not always reliable?

A

They have gaps cause by interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Schemes

A

Organizing information into mental representations of the world to remember it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do schemes impact long term memory?

A

Schemes influence the ways people store why they perceive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

Don’t remember before

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

Don’t remember after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Lloyd and Margaret Peterson

A

Interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Wilder penfield

A

Thought stimulating parts of the brain could bring back memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Elizabeth Loftus

A

Said that Penfield was wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Loftus and Palmer

A

Car crash. Schemas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Herman Ebbinghaus

A

Forgetting curve

Maintenon rehearsal and acoustic coding
- nonsense syllables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Eidetic memory

A

Photographic memory

- can Reiner stimuli over long periods of time

33
Q

What are the four strategies for improving memory?

A

Drill and pratcice, relate to existing information, form unusual associations, mnemonic devices

34
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Form of learning based on the consequence of actions

35
Q

Chaining

A

Method of learning in which each step of a sequence links to another step until the final action is achieved

36
Q

Programmed learning

A

Method of teaching complex behaviors by breaking them down int manageable parts and reinforcing bah bios that are close to the desired end

37
Q

Secondary reinforcer

A

Learned and becomes effective by being paired with such reinforcers as food and shelter

38
Q

Shaping

A

A method of teaching complex behaviors in which a person first reinforces small steps

39
Q

Positive reinforcer

A

Increases the frequency of the behavior it follows when it is applied

40
Q

Observational learning

A

Type of learning that occurs when a person observes and imitates others

41
Q

Critical period

A

A point in time when it is most advantageous for a child to learn a particular task

42
Q

Maturation

A

Physical development

43
Q

Gross motor development

A

Learning to crawl

Large muscles

44
Q

Babinski Reflex

A

A baby’s toes curl when their feet are touched

45
Q

Moro reflex

A

Babies are scared of loud noises and scary things

46
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Babies turn their head to things that touch their cheeks

47
Q

John lock

A

Babies are born blank slates

48
Q

What does john b Watson and other behaviorists believe about development?

A

Nurture is the most important influence on development

49
Q

Motor development

A

The development of purposeful movement

50
Q

Assimilation

A

New information is placed in categories that already exist

51
Q

Post conventional

A

Level or moral reasoning in which moral judgments reflect ones personal values

52
Q

Accommodation

A

Change brought about because of new information

53
Q

Yellow bile

A

Choleric personality: quick tempered

54
Q

Blood

A

Sanguine personality: warm and cheerful

55
Q

Phlegm

A

Phlegmatic personality: sluggish and cool disposition

56
Q

Black bile

A

Melancholic personality: thoughtful temperament

57
Q

Eysenck

A

Two personality dimensions:

  • introversion verses extroversion
  • emotional stability verses emotional instability
58
Q

Agreeableness

A

Kindness trust warmth verses hostility selfishness distrust

59
Q

Conscientiousness

A

Organization thoroughness reliability verses carelessness negligence unreliably

60
Q

Emotional stability verses instability

A

Reliability coping ability verses nervousness moodiness sensitivity to negative events

61
Q

Openness to experience

A

Imagination curiosity creativity verses shallowness and lack of perspectives

62
Q

Regression

A

Returning to behavior that is characteristic of an earlier stage of development

63
Q

Oral stage

A

First year

- explore by putting things in mouths

64
Q

Anal stage

A

Learn to control body functions

65
Q

Phallic stage

A

Discover differences in boys and girls

66
Q

Latency stage

A

Retreat from conflict

67
Q

Genital stage

A

No major conflicts

Become aware of gender identity

68
Q

Carl Jung

A

Archetypes

69
Q

Self

A

Center of human psyche

70
Q

Persona

A

Public self

71
Q

Alfred alder

A

Inferiority co flex

72
Q

Karen horney

A

Greatest influences

73
Q

Ericsson

A

People are capable of consciously making real and meaningful choices

74
Q

Stage 1

A

Trust verses mistrust- 0-1

  • coming to trust mother and environment
  • associate surroundings with feelings of inner kindness
75
Q

Stage 2

A

Autonomy verses shame and doubt- 2-3

- developing the desire to make choices and self control

76
Q

Stage 3

A

Initiative verses guilt- 4-5

  • adding planning and attack
  • becoming active
77
Q

Industry verses inferiority- 6-12
- becoming eagerly absorbed in skills tasks and productivity

Mastering the fundamental of technology

A

Stage 4

78
Q

Stage 5

A

Adolescence- 13-18

-connecting skills and social roles to formation of personal and career objectives

79
Q

Stage 6

-

A

Intimacy verses isolation

- committing oneself to another person

80
Q

Stage 7

A

Generativity verses stagnation

  • needing to be needed
  • guiding and encouraging the younger generation
  • creative

Psychology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions