Final Exam-Cumulative Flashcards
Two major themes of Social Psych?
1) Construction of Social Reality (Perception)
2) Power of Situation (Circumstances)
What are the three processing principles?
1) Conservatism
2) Accessibility
3)Superficiality vs. Depth
What are the three motivational principles?
1) Mastery Motivation
2) Connectedness Motivation
3) Positive Self-Image Motivation
The impact of preconceptions
We see what we expect to see (they can shape our impressions of people)
Term for people determining why others act the way they do and if their behavior is determined by internal or external forces
Attribution Theory
When you infer a persons character from their actions
Correspondance Bias
Kelly’s Attribution Theory looks at three criteria when making attributions what are they?
Consistency, Distinctiveness, Consensus
A mental (system 1) process that allows us to make quick, effective, judgements about people
Heuristics
Decision Making Factors
maximize vs. satisfice
amount of control you perceive
context
People make evaluations and decisions by comparing themselves to others and other situations
Contrast Effect
Influences on Self-Concept
Culture, Behavior, Other’s Reactions, Social Comparisons, Groups, Success/Failure, Roles, Experiences, Beliefs and Attitudes
Term for tendency to gather/interpret info about yourself that leads to positive evaluations
Self-Serving Bias
Types of self-serving biases
-tendency to view ourselves as better than average
-tendency to make downwards social comparisons
-attitude out bad outcomes external and other’s bad outcomes internally
Major causes of Bias:
Cognitive, Motivational, Emotional, Societal, Personality
Bias without intention; conflict between beliefs and unacknowledged feelings causes tension and uncertainty
Aversive racism
Generalizations we make about people based on external factors (how they look, talk, act)
Stereotypes
Evaluative reaction toward something or someone shown in beliefs, feelings, and behaviors
Attitude
Getting someone to agree to a small request so they’ll agree to a big request later on
Foot-in-the-door
Prompting a large request so the person will be more likely to agree to a subsequent smaller one
Door-in-the-face
Persuasion using logic, clear arguments
Central Route Persuasion
Persuasion using feelings, cues, and indirect messaging
Peripheral Route Persuasion
Attitudes predict behaviors when….
social influence is low
they are accessible and potent
they’re experience based
they’re specific
Behaviors predict attitudes when…
-we are role playing (we take on the attitudes associated with the role)
-we are unsure of out attitudes
-cognitive dissonance
Attitude change happens when we find an inconsistency that causes Aversive Arousal. When the behavior can’t be changed or justified the attitude then is forced to change.
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
The influence that describes our desire to fit in with our in-group
Normative Influence
Change in opinion that occurs when we conform with the group we believe has accurate opinions and information.
Informational Influence
A change in behavior/belief because of the influence of others
Conformity
Publicly acting with the group even if you privately disagree
Compliance
Conforming by acting and believing what the group believes
Acceptance
