Final Exam (Comprehensive Drug & Indication)

Question 1

Isoniazid (INH)

Answer 1

Indications:
-TB (1st line agent)

MOA:
-inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid (which is essential for mycobacterial cell walls)

Notes:

• Prodrug
• resistance NOT a common problem in US
• metabolism is genetically determined

Question 2

Rifampin

Answer 2

Indications:

• Mycobacterial infections ie TB (1st line agent)
• Carrier state for N. meningitidis and S. aureus
• Prophylaxis for N. meningitidis

Question 3

Pyrazinamide

Answer 3

Indications:

-TB (1st line agent)

Question 4

Ethambutol

Answer 4

Indications:

• TB (1st line agent)
• can be used for TB meningitis in higher doses
• used to prevent emergence of RIF resistance and when INH resistance is present

Question 5

Fluoroquinolones: Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Gaitofloxacin

Answer 5

Indications:

• TB (2nd line agent)
• Fluoroquinolone + Pyrazinamide can be used to prevent disease following exposure to a MDR strain

Question 6

Injectables: Kanamycin, Amikacin

these are aminoglycosides

Answer 6

Indications:

• TB (2nd line agent)
• used for resistant strains (esp MDR strains)

Question 7

Injectables: Capreomycin (peptide protein synthesis inhibitor)

Answer 7

Indications:

• TB (2nd line agent)
• good for strains resistant to amikacin

Question 8

Rifamycins: Rifabutin, Rifaximin

Answer 8

Indications:

• TB (2nd line agent)
• Leprosy
• Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)

Question 9

Ethionamide

Answer 9

Indications:

-TB (2nd line agent)

Question 10

Cycloserine

Answer 10

Indications:
-TB (2nd line agent)

MOA:
-inhibits cell wall synthesis