Final Exam Clo 4 Flashcards
Cancerous vs non cancerous tumor
Cancerous tumor: aka malignant- grows and spreads quickly to other organs
Non cancerous tumor: aka benign- grows slowly and doesn’t spread
Polyps and meningioma
Meningioma; tumors that grow in membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
Polyps: grows in the colon
Nodes and nodules
Nodes: small organized organs that filter fluid
Nodules: lumps that can develop in the skin or internal organs
Embolus and thrombus
Thrombus: blood clot that forms in a vein or artery
Embolus: a thrombus that breaks off and travels through the blood stream
Thrombocytopenia
Low platelet level
Hemophilia
Rare condition, blood doesn’t clot normally, less. Causes increased risk of bleeding and bruising
Types of fractures and healing process
Fractures:
Green stick- small crack
Hairline- stress fracture
Transverse- straight line across bone
Spiral- break spirals around bone
Healing process:
Blood clot, inflammation, callus formation, revascularization, remodeling
Abnormal spinal curvatures
Scoliosis- spine curves to the side forming an S or C shape
Kyphosis- upper back curves forward, sometimes forms a hump
Lordosis- lower back curves inward
Endometriosis, hemorrhage, and menometrorrhagia
Endometriosis: disorder which tissue that lines the uterus grows outside the uterus
Hemorrhage: bleeding from a damaged blood vessel
Menometrorrhagia: heavy irregular menstrual bleeding
Hesselbachs triangle and it’s significance
Small anatomical region in the lower abdominal wall. Represents a potential weak spot where a direct inguinal hernia can occur if the tissue weakens
Macular degeneration
Causes loss in the center field of vision
Ostosclerosis
Inherited disorder that causes hearing loss due to the ears inability to amplify sound
Osteoporosis
Causes bone to be weak and brittle
Osteosarcoma
Bone cancer, begins in the bone cell formation
Osteomalacia
Metabolic bone disease, causes bones to soften and deform due to inadequate calcium and phosphorus
Uremia
Kidneys no longer filter properly causing high levels of waste products in the blood
Micturition and urinary incontinence
Micturition: process of emptying urine from bladder ( urination)
Urinary incontinence: loss of bladder control
Impetigo
Highly contagious skin infection causing red sores on the face
Caused by staph bacteria
Treatments penicillin and antibiotics
Arrhythmias
Atrial tachycardia: affects upper chambers of heart
Ventricular tachycardia: affects lower chambers
Atrial fibrillation: affects upper chambers, irregular contractions
Ventricular fibrillation: affects lower chambers, cardiac arrest
Spirometer
Test that measures lung expansion ( inhale exhale)
Pleurisy
Inflammation of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the voice box
Atelectasis
Complete or partial collapse of lung or lobe
Asthma
Condition where airways become inflamed, narrowed and produce extra mucus, causing difficulty breathing
