Cardiac Quiz Flashcards
What is blood and what are the formed elements in it
Blood is a fluid connective tissue
Composed of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets
What is the function of blood
Transports, defense and maintains homeostasis (temp and pH)
What are antibodies
Proteins made by immune system
Designers to bind to foreign antigens
3 steps of Hemostasis( process of stopping bleeding and repairing blood vessel)
- Vascular spasm
- Formation of platelet plug
- Coagulation ( blood clotting)
Where is the heart located
Mediastinum of thoracic cavity
What surrounds the heart
Pericardium
What are the 2 systems of blood vessels in human circulation
Systemic circuit- transport oxygenated blood to tissue and returns deoxygenated blood back to heart
Pulmonary circuit- transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to heart
Fibrous vs serous pericardium
Fibrous pericardium- attached heart to diaphragm
Serous pericardium- reduces friction
Prior to 24 days gestation, the heart is a
Five section tube
What are the layers of the pericardium in the heart
Parietal, pericardial cavity, visceral layer
Layers of the heart
Epicardium- superficial
Myocardium- cardiac muscle, thickest
Endocardium- deepest layer
Which side of the heart is the thickest
Left ventricle has a thicker myocardium
Atrioventricular valve (AV)
Between atria and ventricle
Semilunar (SL) valve
Between ventricles and great vessels( pulmonary trunk, and aorta)
Chordae tendineae
Anchor AV valves
Valve stenosis
Calcified valves- harder to open causing heart to work harder
What is cardiac output
Amount of blood ejected by each ventricle per minute
Heart sound lub dub
(S1) by closed AV valve
(S2) by closer SL valves
What are the stages of cardiac cycle
- Total diastole
- Atrial systole
- Early ventricular systole
- Late ventricular systole
- Early ventricular diastole
