Clo2 Midterm Flashcards
Define phagocytosis
Phag/o: eat
Cyte: cell
-osis: abnormal condition
Process of when a phagocytosis( wbc) surrounds and destroys foreign substances such as bacteria and removes dead cells
Define pinocytosis
Pino: to drink
Cyt: cell
-osis: abnormal condition
Process of a cell taking in extracellular fluid and dissolved substances
Define osmosis
Movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated area to a more concentrated area
Defije filtration
Process of fluid moving through a membrane separating smaller molecule from larger molecules and filtering out unwanted substances
Define diffusion
Process of molecules moving from a high area of concentration to a low area of concentration
Define amino acids
Basic building blocks for proteins
Define enzymes
Proteins that help metabolism or other chemical processes in our body
What are the 4 types of tissues
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
What is reticular tissue
A type of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers. Provides flexible framework for other cells in organs and tissues. Can be found in spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow, liver, kidneys and mucous membrane
What are the 3 tissue layers of the heart
Epicardium: outer layer also called visceral pericardium
Myocardium: thick middle layer of muscle allowing heart to contract and relax
Endocardium: inner layer lining the heart chambers and valves
What are the layers of skin
Epidermis: outer layer provides barrier
Dermis: underneath epidermis, contains connective tissues blood vessels etc
Subcutaneous: deepest layer, composed of fat cells helping insulate body
What are the 6 levels of organization
Chemical
Cells
Tissue
Organ
System
Organization
Cytoplasm
Fluid like interior of cells
Endoplasmic reticulum organelle (ER)
Provides passages for synthesis, transportation and storage
Rough ER-contains ribosome
Smooth ER-
Golgi apparatus
Sorts and modifies products from rough ER for transport
Lysosomes
Contains digestive enzymes. Breaks down waste in cells
Peroxisomes
Used for detoxification and lipid metabolism
Mitochondria
Responsible for nutrient breakdown and ATP production
Nucleus
Houses DNA
What is the primary energy source
ATP
