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Medical Terminology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ante-

A

before, in front of

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2
Q

ben(e)-

A

well

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3
Q

contra-

A

against, opposite

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4
Q

de-

A

down, away, off

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5
Q

extra-

A

outside, beyond

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6
Q

infra-

A

below

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7
Q

inter-

A

between, among

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8
Q

intra-

A

within

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9
Q

juxta-

A

by the side of, close to

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10
Q

mal(e)-

A

badly, poorly

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11
Q

per-

A

through

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12
Q

post-

A

after, behind

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13
Q

pro-

A

forward, in front of

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14
Q

pre-

A

before, in front of

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15
Q

retro-

A

backward, behind

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16
Q

se-

A

apart, aside, away

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17
Q

super-

A

above

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18
Q

ultra-

A

beyond

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19
Q

articul-

A

joint

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20
Q

bucc-

A

cheek, mouth

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21
Q

caps-

A

box, container

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22
Q

ced-, cess-, cede-

A

to go, to come

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23
Q

celer-

A

quick

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24
Q

cerebr-

A

brain

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25
Q

cut-, cuss-

A

to shake, to strike

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26
Q

ict-

A

stroke, blow

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27
Q

ject-

A

to throw

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28
Q

later-

A

side, flank

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29
Q

matur-

A

ripe, fully grown

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30
Q

ment-

A

mind

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31
Q

mit(t)-, mis(s)

A

to send

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32
Q

par-, part-

A

to give birth to

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33
Q

pariet-

A

wall

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34
Q

pon-, posit-, pose

A

to put, to place

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35
Q

salin-

A

salt

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36
Q

uter-

A

womb

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37
Q

vas-

A

vessel

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38
Q

vert, vers-

A

to burn

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39
Q

ab- (a-, abs-)

A

away from, from

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40
Q

ad- (ac-, af-, ag-, etc.)

A

to, toward, near

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41
Q

ambi (ambo-)

A

both, around

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42
Q

circum-

A

around

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43
Q

con- (co-, com-, etc.)

A

with, together, very

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44
Q

dis- (di, dif-)

A

apart

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45
Q

ex- (e-, ec-, ef-)

A

out, from

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46
Q

in- (il-, im-, ir-, etc.)

A

into, on, not

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47
Q

ob- (oc- of-, etc.)

A

against, toward

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48
Q

re- (red-)

A

back, again, against

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49
Q

sub (suc-, sus-, etc.)

A

under, up from under

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50
Q

trans- (tra-, tran-)

A

across, through

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51
Q

ax-

A

axis

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52
Q

cori-

A

skin

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53
Q

corn(u)-

A

horn

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54
Q

cub-, cumb-, cubit-

A

to lie down, to recline

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55
Q

fund-, fus-

A

to pour, to melt

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56
Q

glutin-

A

to glue

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57
Q

greg-

A

flock, herd

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58
Q

ili-

A

flank, hip

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59
Q

lab-, laps-

A

to slip, to fall

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60
Q

ocul-

A

eye

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61
Q

rad-, ras-

A

to scrape

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62
Q

sangui(n)-

A

blood

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63
Q

stru-, stuct-

A

to build

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64
Q

sud-

A

to sweat

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65
Q

tund-, tus-

A

to beat, to strike

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66
Q

vesic-

A

bladder

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67
Q

semi-

A

half, partial

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68
Q

un-

A

1

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69
Q

du-

A

2

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70
Q

tri-

A

3

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71
Q

prim-

A

first

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72
Q

second-

A

second

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73
Q

terti-

A

third

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74
Q

quadr-

A

4

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75
Q

quinque-

A

5

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76
Q

sex-

A

6

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77
Q

sept(em)-

A

7

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78
Q

oct-

A

8

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79
Q

novem-

A

9

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80
Q

dec-

A

10

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81
Q

cent-

A

100, hundredth

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82
Q

mill-

A

1,000,000, millionth

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83
Q

quart-

A

fourth

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84
Q

quint-

A

fifth

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85
Q

sext-

A

sixth

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86
Q

septim-

A

seventh

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87
Q

octav-

A

eighth

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88
Q

non-

A

ninth

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89
Q

dec-

A

tenth

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90
Q

brachi-

A

arm

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91
Q

capit- (-cipit-) -ceps

A

head

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92
Q

cuspid-

A

point

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93
Q

digit-

A

finger, toe

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94
Q

furc-

A

fork

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95
Q

lign-

A

wood

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96
Q

man(u)-

A

hand

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97
Q

norm-

A

rule, pattern

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98
Q

ord-, ordin-

A

order

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99
Q

papill-, papul-

A

nipple

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100
Q

part-, partit-

A

part

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101
Q

pot-

A

to be able or powerful

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102
Q

radi-

A

spoke (of a wheel), ray

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103
Q

sta-, stat-, stit-

A

to stand

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104
Q

strat-

A

layer

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105
Q

sulc-

A

furrow, groove

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106
Q

val-

A

to be strong or well

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107
Q

ven-

A

vein

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108
Q

abdomen, abdomin

A

abdomen

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109
Q

cervix, cervic-

A

neck

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110
Q

cortex, cortic-

A

bark, outer layer

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111
Q

corpus, corpor-

A

body

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112
Q

femur, femor-

A

femur, thigh

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113
Q

semen, semin-

A

seed

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114
Q

-aceous

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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115
Q

-al

; -eal, -ial, -ual

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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116
Q

-an

; -ane, -ian

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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117
Q

-ar

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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118
Q

-ary

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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119
Q

-ate

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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120
Q

-ic

; -tic

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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121
Q

-ile

; -il

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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122
Q

-ine

A

having to do with, belonging to, characterized by, or resembling

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123
Q

atri-

A

chamber

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124
Q

aur-

A

ear

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125
Q

caud-

A

tail

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126
Q

cord-

A

heart

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127
Q

cost-

A

rib

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128
Q

dent-

A

tooth

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129
Q

dors-

A

back

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130
Q

faci-

A

face

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131
Q

fasci-

A

band, bundle

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132
Q

febr-

A

fever

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133
Q

front-

A

forehead

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134
Q

gingiv-

A

gums

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135
Q

lact-

A

milk

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136
Q

lingu-

A

tongue

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137
Q

mamm-

A

breast

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138
Q

nas-

A

nose

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139
Q

or-

A

mouth

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140
Q

ov-

A

egg

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141
Q

palat-

A

palate, roof of the mouth

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142
Q

pector-

A

chest

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143
Q

ped-

A

foot

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144
Q

pulmon-

A

lung

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145
Q

ren-

A

kidney

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146
Q

seb-

A

fat, grease

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147
Q

spin-

A

spine

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148
Q

ventr-

A

belly, stomach

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149
Q

-able

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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150
Q

-acious

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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151
Q

-id

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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152
Q

-ile

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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153
Q

-itious

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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154
Q

-ive

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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155
Q

-ory

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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156
Q

-ulous

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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157
Q

-uous

A

tending to, inclined to, or able to be

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158
Q

-lent

A

full of

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159
Q

-ose

A

full of

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160
Q

-ous

A

full of

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161
Q

adip-

A

fatty tissue

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162
Q

act-. ag-

A

to do, to act

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163
Q

aqu(a)-

A

water

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164
Q

aud-, audit-

A

to hear

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165
Q

cern-, cret-

A

to separate, to distinguish

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166
Q

cad-. cid-

A

to fall

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167
Q

cid-, cis-

A

to cut, to kill

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168
Q

duc-, duct-

A

to lead, to draw

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169
Q

fibr-

A

fiber

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170
Q

flect-, flex-

A

to bend

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171
Q

ger-, gest-

A

to carry, to bear

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172
Q

grad-, gress-

A

to go, to step

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173
Q

her-, hes-

A

to stick

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174
Q

liqu-

A

liquid

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175
Q

me-, meat-

A

to go, to pass through

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176
Q

morb-

A

disease

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177
Q

nasc-, nat-

A

to be born

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178
Q

nutr-, nutrit-

A

to nourish

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179
Q

pur-

A

pus

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180
Q

sens-, sent-

A

to feel, to perceive

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181
Q

somn-

A

sleep

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182
Q

ten- (-tin), tent-

A

to hold

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183
Q

trem-

A

to tremble

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184
Q

varic-

A

twisted, swollen

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185
Q

vir-

A

virus

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186
Q

vitr-

A

glass

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187
Q

-ance

; -ancy, -ence, -ency

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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188
Q

-ia

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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189
Q

-ion

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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190
Q

-itude

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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191
Q

-ity

; -ety, -ty

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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192
Q

-or

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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193
Q

-y

A

quality of being, state of being, act of, or result of the act of

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194
Q

ac-, acu-

A

sharp, sour

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195
Q

brev-

A

short

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196
Q

bulli(t)-

A

to boil

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197
Q

cav-

A

hollow

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198
Q

dorm-, dormit-

A

to sleep

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199
Q

err-

A

to wander

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200
Q

fac- (-fic-), fact- (-fect-)

A

to make, to do

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201
Q

fer-, lat-

A

to bear, to produce

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202
Q

flu-, -flux

A

to flow

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203
Q

fract-, frag-, frang-, (-fring-)

A

to break, to bend

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204
Q

fur-

A

to be angry

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205
Q

grav-

A

heavy

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206
Q

luc-

A

light, to shine

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207
Q

proxim-

A

near, nearest

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208
Q

rig-

A

stiff, to be stiff

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209
Q

san-, sanit-

A

healthy, to be healthy

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210
Q

sci-

A

to know

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211
Q

sec-, sect-, seg-

A

to cut

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212
Q

sist-

A

to stand

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213
Q

sorb-, sorpt-

A

to suck in

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214
Q

tend-, tens-, tent-

A

to stretch

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215
Q

tum-

A

to swell

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216
Q

und-

A

wave

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217
Q

vac-, vacu-

A

empty, to be empty

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218
Q

vig-

A

to thrive, to be lively

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219
Q

-cle

A

act of, result of, means of

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220
Q

-crum

; -cr-

A

act of, result of, means of

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221
Q

-culum

A

act of, result of, means of

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222
Q

-men

A

act of, result of, means of

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223
Q

-ment

A

act of, result of, means of

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224
Q

-mentum

A

act of, result of, means of

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225
Q

-trum

; -tr-

A

act of, result of, means of

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226
Q

-ure

A

act of, result of, means of

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227
Q

-us

A

act of, result of, means of

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228
Q

ambul-

A

to walk

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229
Q

cer-

A

wax

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230
Q

clos-, clud-, clus-

A

to shut, to close

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231
Q

fid-, fiss-

A

to split

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232
Q

fil-

A

thread

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233
Q

for-

A

to bore, to pierce

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234
Q

hal-, halit-

A

to breathe

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235
Q

hi-, hiat-

A

to stand open, to gape

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236
Q

lig-, ligat-

A

to bind

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237
Q

mov-, mot-, mo-

A

to move

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238
Q

pig-

A

to paint, to dye

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239
Q

press-

A

to press

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240
Q

punct-, pung-

A

to prick

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241
Q

rupt-

A

to break, to burst

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242
Q

sciss-

A

to cut, to split

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243
Q

sed- (-sid-), sess-

A

to sit, to settle

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244
Q

spec-, spect-

A

to look at

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245
Q

stimul-

A

to urge, to goad

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246
Q

tect-, teg-

A

to cover

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247
Q

temper-, temperat-

A

to moderate, to blend

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248
Q

tinn-, tinnit-

A

to ring

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249
Q

tract-

A

to draw, to drag

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250
Q

volv-, volu-, volut-

A

to roll

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251
Q

-arium

A

place of

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252
Q

-ary

A

place of

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253
Q

-ble

; -bule

A

place of

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254
Q

-bula

; -bulum

A

place of

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255
Q

-orium

A

place of

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256
Q

-ory

A

place of

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257
Q

-ant

; -iant

A

person or thing doing

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258
Q

-ent

; -ient

A

person or thing doing

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259
Q

-or

A

person or thing doing

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260
Q

aper-, apert-

A

to open

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261
Q

av-

A

bird

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262
Q

crem-, cremat-

A

to burn

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263
Q

dilat-

A

spread out

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264
Q

don-, donat-

A

to give

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265
Q

firm-

A

strong, able

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266
Q

habit-, habitat-

A

to dwell

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267
Q

i-, it-

A

to go

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268
Q

lubric-, lubricat-

A

to make smooth

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269
Q

moll-

A

soft

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270
Q

oper-, operat-

A

to work

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271
Q

ori-, ort-

A

to rise

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272
Q

oscill-, oscillat-

A

to swing

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273
Q

oss-

A

bone

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274
Q

pati-, pass-

A

to suffer, to endure

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275
Q

pend-, pens-

A

to hang, to weigh, to pay

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276
Q

pil-

A

hair

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277
Q

pred-, predat-

A

prey, to hunt

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278
Q

reg- (-rig), rect-

A

to rule, to make straight

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279
Q

rod-, ros-

A

to gnaw

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280
Q

spir-, spirat-

A

to breathe

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281
Q

string-, strict-

A

to draw tight

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282
Q

trubu-, tribut-

A

to assign, to allot

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283
Q

vit-, viv-

A

life, to live

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284
Q

-cule

; -cle

A

little

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285
Q

-ellus

; -ella, ellum

A

little

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286
Q

-ette

; -et

A

little

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287
Q

-ule

; -ole, -le

A

little

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288
Q

-ulus
; -ula, -ulum, -olus, -ola,
-olum

A

little

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289
Q

-ate

A

to make, to perform the act of

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290
Q

-esce

A

to begin, to become/ grow

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291
Q

-fy

A

to make, to cause to be

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292
Q

-ize

A

to make, to cause to be

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293
Q

anim-

A

soul, spirit

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294
Q

capill-

A

hair (on the head)

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295
Q

cand-

A

to glow white

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296
Q

cell-

A

room

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297
Q

circ-

A

circle, ring

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298
Q

clav-

A

key

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299
Q

cut-

A

skin

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300
Q

ferr-

A

iron

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301
Q

flor-

A

flower

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302
Q

foll-

A

bag

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303
Q

germ-, germin-

A

sprout, bud, germ

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304
Q

glabr-

A

smooth

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305
Q

glob-

A

sphere, lump

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306
Q

gran-

A

grain, seed

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307
Q

loc-, locat-

A

place, to place

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308
Q

mol-

A

mass, bulk

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309
Q

mort-

A

death

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310
Q

plan-

A

flat

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311
Q

pulv-, pulver-

A

dust

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312
Q

ret-

A

net

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313
Q

sicc-, siccat-

A

dry, to dry

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314
Q

tuber-

A

swelling

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315
Q

ungu-

A

fingernail, toenail

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316
Q

viscer-

A

entrails

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317
Q

centr-

A

center

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318
Q

equ-

A

equal, even

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319
Q

magn-

A

great

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320
Q

medi-

A

middle

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321
Q

mult-

A

many, branch

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322
Q

pen-

A

almost

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323
Q

plur-

A

many

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324
Q

vari-

A

different, varied

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325
Q

-cide

A

killing, murder

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326
Q

-form

A

form, shape

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327
Q

-fuge

A

flight, escape

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328
Q

-grade

A

step, degree

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329
Q

-ped(e)

A

foot

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330
Q

aev- (-ev-)

A

age, period of time

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331
Q

al-

A

wing

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332
Q

ann- (-enn-)

A

year

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333
Q

calci-

A

limestone, calcium

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334
Q

cili-

A

eyelid, eyelash

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335
Q

foli-

A

leaf

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336
Q

herb-

A

grass

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337
Q

lamin-

A

thin plate

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338
Q

macul-

A

spot

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339
Q

matr-, matern-

A

mother

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340
Q

nod-

A

knot

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341
Q

noct(urn)-, nox

A

night

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342
Q

omn-

A

all, every

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343
Q

patr-, patern-

A

father

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344
Q

pet-, petit-

A

to seek, to ask for

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345
Q

sept-

A

fence, to separate

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346
Q

spic-

A

point, spike

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347
Q

ultim-

A

last, farthest

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348
Q

umbr-

A

shade, shadow

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349
Q

unc-, uncin-

A

hook

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350
Q

verm-

A

worm

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351
Q

vill-

A

shaggy hair, tuft of hair

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352
Q

voc-

A

voice, to call

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353
Q

vor-

A

to eat

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354
Q

inflection

A

the process by which words change their form according to their use in a sentence

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355
Q

case

A

the form that a noun takes as a sign of its grammatical function in a sentence

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356
Q

nominative case

A

is used for the subject of a sentence

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357
Q

genitive case

A

when a Latin word appears in the genitive case, translate it with an “of”

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358
Q

first declension

A

singular plural
nominative -a -ae
genitive -ae -arum

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359
Q

second declension

A

singular plural
nominative -us -i
genitive -i -orum

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360
Q

fourth declension

A

singular plural
nominative -us -us
genitive -us

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361
Q

fifth declension

A

singular plural
nominative -es -es
genitive -ei

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362
Q

first declension:

alumna, alumnae

A

nursling, pupil

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363
Q

first declension:

antenna, antennae

A

antenna, feeler

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364
Q

first declension:

aqua, aquae

A

water

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365
Q

first declension:

forumula, formulae

A

formula, pattern

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366
Q

first declension:

larva, larvae

A

larva

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367
Q

first declension:

lingua, linguae

A

tongue

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368
Q

first declension:

medulla, medullae

A

marrow

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369
Q

first declension:

spina, spinae

A

spine

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370
Q

first declension:

tibia, tibiae

A

shin bone (“pipe flute”)

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371
Q

first declension:

vertebra, vertebrae

A

vertebra

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372
Q

first declension:

vita, vitae

A

life

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373
Q

second declension:

alumnus, alumni

A

nursling, pupil

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374
Q

second declension:

cactus, cacti

A

cactus, prickly plant

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375
Q

second declension:

focus, focu

A

center, focus (“hearth”)

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376
Q

second declension:

fungus, fungi

A

mushrooms, fungi

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377
Q

second declension:

locus, loci

A

place

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378
Q

second declension:

musculus, musculi

A

muscle

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379
Q

second declension:

nasus, nasi

A

nose

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380
Q

second declension:

nervus, nervi

A

nerve

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381
Q

second declension:

radius, radii

A

spoke (of a wheel), ray

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382
Q

second declension:

stimulus, stimuli

A

goad, incentive

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383
Q

second declension:

terminus, termini

A

end, endpoint

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384
Q

second declension:

addendum, addendi

A

a thing to be added

385
Q

second declension:

cavum, cavi

A

hollow space, cavity

386
Q

second declension:

curriculum, curriculi

A

course of study (“running race”)

387
Q

second declension:

datum, dati

A

item of information (“thing given”)

388
Q

second declension:

exemplum, exempli

A

example

389
Q

second declension:

medium, medii

A

transmitter (“middle thing”)

390
Q

fourth declension:

cursus, cursus

A

course, running

391
Q

fourth declension:

fetus, fetus

A

fetus, offspring

392
Q

fourth declension:

manus, manus

A

hand

393
Q

fifth declension:

facies, faciei

A

face, appearance

394
Q

fifth declension:

series, seriei

A

series, sequence

395
Q

fifth declension:

species, speciei

A

species, type

396
Q

third declension

A

singular plural
nominative — -es
genitive -is -um

                         singular                 plural nominative              ---                        -a genitive                -is                            -um
397
Q

depressor, depressoris

A

mechanism for pressing down

398
Q

dilator, dilatoris

A

mechanism for spreading out

399
Q

flexor, flexoris

A

mechanism for bending

400
Q

levator, levatoris

A

mechanism for lifting

401
Q

livor, livoris

A

bluish discoloration

402
Q

motor, motoris

A

mechanism for moving

403
Q

rigor, rigoris

A

stiffness, rigidity

404
Q

tensor, tensoris

A

mechanism for stretching or tensing

405
Q

axis, axis

A

axis

406
Q

naris, naris

A

nostril

407
Q

piscis, piscis

A

fish

408
Q

testis, testis

A

testicle

409
Q

appendix, appendicis

A

appendix (“that which hangs on”)

410
Q

cervix, cervicis

A

neck, cervix

411
Q

index, indicis

A

index (“that which points out”)

412
Q

matrix, matricis

A

matrix, structure, mold

413
Q

abdomen, abdominis

A

abdomen

414
Q

biceps, bicipitis

A

two-headed (muscle of the arm)

415
Q

femur, femoris

A

femur (bone of the upper leg)

416
Q

mors, mortis

A

death

417
Q

os, ossis

A

bone

418
Q

pes, pedis

A

foot

419
Q

corpus, corporis

A

body

420
Q

genus, generis

A

type, family, race

421
Q

viscus, visceris

A

entrails

422
Q

first declension:

costa, costae

A

rib

423
Q

first declension:

membrana, membranae

A

membrane

424
Q

first declension:

palperbra, palpebrae

A

eyelid

425
Q

first declension:

vena, venae

A

vein

426
Q

second declension (-us):

digitus, digiti

A

finger, toe

427
Q

second declension (-us):

oculus, oculi

A

eye

428
Q

second declension (-um):

brachium, brachii

A

arm

429
Q

second declension (-um):

supercilium, supercilii

A

eyebrow

430
Q

second declension (-um):

tympanum, tympani

A

drum

431
Q

fourth declension:

coitus, coitus

A

intercourse

432
Q

fourth declension:

sinus, sinus

A

cavity

433
Q

gender of declensions

A
  • first declension nouns are feminine
  • second declension nouns ending in -us are masculine
  • second declension nouns ending in -um are neuter
  • nearly all fourth declension nouns are masculine
  • fifth declension nouns are feminine
434
Q

first/second declension adjectives

A

mas. sing. masc. pl. fem. sing. fem. pl.
nom. -us -i -a -ae
gen. -i -orum - ae -arum

         neut sing.     neut. pl.

nom. -um -a
gen. - i -orum

435
Q

third declension adjectives

A

masc. /fem sing. masc./fem pl. neut. sing
nom. -is -es -e
gen. -is -ium -is

         neut. pl. nom. -ia gen. -ium
436
Q

first/second declension:

bifidus, bifida, bifidum

A

forked

437
Q

first/second declension:

cavus, cava, cavum

A

hollow

438
Q

first/second declension:

durus, dura, durum

A

hard

439
Q

first/second declension:

latus, lata, latum

A

wide

440
Q

first/second declension:

longus, longa, longum

A

wide

441
Q

first/second declension:

magnus, magna, magnum

A

big, great, large

442
Q

first/second declension:

mucosus, mucosa, mucosum

A

mucous

443
Q

first/second declension:

multus, multa, multum

A

many, much

444
Q

first/second declension:

transversus, transversa, transversum

A

oblique, moving across

445
Q

first/second declension:

dexter, dextra, dextrum

A

right

446
Q

first/second declension:

sinister, sinistra, sinistrum

A

left

447
Q

third declension:

brevis, breve

A

short

448
Q

third declension:

centralis, centrale

A

central

449
Q

third declension:

communis, commune

A

shared, common

450
Q

third declension:

frontalis, frontale

A

relating to the forehead

451
Q

third declension:

jugularis, jugulare

A

jugular

452
Q

third declension:

lacrimalis, lacrimale

A

related to the ears

453
Q

third declension:

mollis, molle

A

soft

454
Q

third declension:

superficialis, superficiale

A

superficial, on the surface

455
Q

third declension:

veterbralis, vertebrale

A

of the vertebra

456
Q

a.c.

ante cibum

A

before food

457
Q

p.c.

post cibum

A

after food

458
Q

a.m.

ante meridiem

A

before midday

459
Q

p.m.

post meridiem

A

after midday

460
Q

a.n.

ante noctem

A

before night

461
Q

b.d.

bis die

A

twice a day

462
Q

h.s.

hora somni

A

at the hour of sleep

463
Q

a.d.

auris dextra

A

right ear

464
Q

a.s

auris sinistra

A

left ear

465
Q

o.d.

oculus dexter

A

right eye

466
Q

o.s.

oculus sinister

A

left eye

467
Q

p.o.

per os

A

orally, through the mouth

468
Q

p.r.

per rectum

A

rectally, through the rectum

469
Q

s.l.

sub lingua

A

under the tongue

470
Q

ad lib.

ad libitum

A

as desired

471
Q

s.o.s.

si opus sit

A

as needed (if there should be need)

472
Q

stat.

statim

A

immediately

473
Q

ut dict.

ut dictum

A

as directed (as stated)

474
Q

c/

cum

A

with

475
Q

s/

sine

A

without

476
Q

B.A.

artium baccalaureus

A

bachelor of arts

477
Q

B.S.

scientiae baccalaureus

A

bachelor of science

478
Q

M.A.

magister artium

A

master of arts

479
Q

M.D.

medicinae doctor

A

doctor of medicine

480
Q

Ph.D.

philosophiae doctor

A

doctor of philosophy

481
Q

latior, latius

latissimus, latissima, latissimum

A

broader

broadest

482
Q

longior, longius

longissimus, longissima, longissimum

A

longer

longest

483
Q

major, majus

maximus, maxima, maximum

A

greater, bigger, larger

greatest, biggest, largest

484
Q

minor, minus

minimus, minima, minimum

A

smaller

smallest

485
Q

anterior, anterius

A

farther forward

486
Q

posterior, posterius

A

farther to the back

487
Q

superior, superius

A

higher, upper

488
Q

inferior, inferius

A

lower

489
Q

exterior, exterius

A

outer, farther out

490
Q

interior, interius

A

inner, closer to the middle

491
Q

alb-

A

white

492
Q

flav-

A

yellow

493
Q

nigr-

A

black

494
Q

purpur-

A

purple

495
Q

rose-

A

red

496
Q

rubr-

A

red

497
Q

chlor-

A

green/yellow

498
Q

cyan-

A

dark blue

499
Q

eryth-, erythr-

A

red

500
Q

glauc-

A

gray

501
Q

leuk-

A

white

502
Q

melan-

A

black

503
Q

poli-

A

gray

504
Q

alpha

Α α

A

a

505
Q

beta

Β β

A

b

506
Q

gamma

Γ γ

A

g

507
Q

delta

Δ δ

A

d

508
Q

epsilon

Ε ε

A

e

–> short e sound

509
Q

zeta

Ζ ζ

A

z

510
Q

eta

Η η

A

e

–> long e sound

511
Q

theta

Θ θ

A

th

512
Q

iota

Ι ι

A

i

513
Q

kappa

Κ κ

A

c, k

514
Q

lambda

Λ λ

A

l

515
Q

mu

Μ μ

A

m

516
Q

nu

Ν ν

A

n

517
Q

xi

Ξ ξ

A

x

518
Q

omicron

Ο ο

A

o

519
Q

pi

Π π

A

p

520
Q

rho

Ρ ρ

A

r, rh

521
Q

sigma

Σ σ (ς)

A

s

522
Q

tau

Τ τ

A

t

523
Q

upsilon

Υ υ

A

u, y

524
Q

phi

Φ φ

A

ph

525
Q

chi

Χ χ

A

ch

526
Q

psi

Ψ ψ

A

ps

527
Q

omega

Ω ω

A

o

528
Q

diacriticals

A

markings besides the letters themselves. give information about pronunciation and morphology and are an important feature of a Greek word’s spelling.

529
Q

amphi-

A

both, around

ex: amphibian, amphitheater

530
Q

anti-

ant-

A

against, opposite

ex: antacid, antitoxin

531
Q

apo-

A

from, off, away

ex: apocalypse, apoplexy

532
Q

dys-

A

bad, disordered, difficult

ex: dysentery, dysfunction

533
Q

ec-

ex-

A

out, out of

ex: eclipse, exorcism

534
Q

ecto-

exo-

A

outside, external

ex: ectomorph, ectothermic

535
Q

eso-

A

inside, internal

ex: esophoria, esotropic

536
Q

eu-

A

well, good, normal

ex: eugenic, euthenasia

537
Q

hyper-

A

over, excessive, more than normal

ex: hyperacute, hyperglycemic

538
Q

peri-

A

around, near

ex: pericardium, peritoneal

539
Q

pro-

A

before, in front of, forward

ex: proerythroblast, proneural

540
Q

pros-

A

toward, in addition to, fronting

ex: prosencephalic, prosthesis

541
Q

acou-, acu-

A

to hear

542
Q

to hear

A

to throw, to put

543
Q

bar-, bary-

A

weight, pressure, heavy

544
Q

bi-

A

life

545
Q

card-, cardi-

A

heart

546
Q

chondr-

A

cartilage, granule

547
Q

crani-

A

cranium

548
Q

cri-

crin-

A

to separate

to secrete

549
Q

cyt-

A

cell

550
Q

eme-, emet-

A

to vomit

551
Q

gam-

A

marriage

552
Q

gen-, gene-, gon-,

gon-

A

to be produced

seed

553
Q

hidro-

A

sweat

554
Q

morph-

A

form, shape

555
Q

neur-

A

nerve, tendon

556
Q

pep-, peps-, pept-

A

to digest

557
Q

pha-

A

to say

558
Q

plex-

pleg-

A

stroke, blow

paralysis

559
Q

psued-

A

false

560
Q

rhythm-

A

rhythm

561
Q

sep-

A

rotten

562
Q

than-, thana- thanat-

A

death

563
Q

therm-

A

heat

564
Q

the-

A

to put, to place

565
Q

top-

A

place

566
Q

trop-, trep-

A

to turn (toward)

567
Q

a-

an-

A

not, without

568
Q

ana-

an-

A

up, back, again

569
Q

cata-

cat-

A

down, against, according to

570
Q

dia-

di-

A

through, across, between

571
Q

en-

el-, em-

A

in, into, inward

572
Q

endo-

ento-

A

within, inner

573
Q

epi-

ep-

A

upon, on, to, in addition to

574
Q

hypo-

hyp-

A

below, deficient, less than normal

575
Q

meta-

met-

A

after, change, transfer

576
Q

para-

par-

A

beside, resembling, disordered

577
Q

syn-

syl-, sym-, sy-, sys-

A

with, together

578
Q

alg-

A

pain

579
Q

blast-

A

embryonic cell

580
Q

cephal-

encephal-

A

head

brain

581
Q

chrom-, chromat-

A

color

582
Q

derm-, dermat-

A

skin

583
Q

erg-

A

work

584
Q

gaster-, gastr-

A

stomach

585
Q

gno-

A

to know

586
Q

hap-, hapt-

A

to grasp, to fasten

587
Q

hydr-

A

water, fluid

588
Q

ly-, lys-

A

to loosen, to dissolve

589
Q

nephr-

A

kidney

590
Q

od-

A

way, road

591
Q

path-

A

disease, suffering, feeling

592
Q

phy-

phyt-

A

to grow

plant, growth

593
Q

phyll-

A

leaf

594
Q

plas-, plast-

A

to form, to mold

595
Q

scop-

A

to look at, to view

596
Q

sta-

A

to stand, to stop

597
Q

stal-, stol- -stle

A

to send, to contract

598
Q

thalam-

A

chamber, room

599
Q

thyr-

A

shield

600
Q

tom-

A

to cut

601
Q

ton-

A

stretching, tension

602
Q

tox-

A

poison

603
Q

troph-

A

nourishment

604
Q

zyg-

A

yoke, joining

605
Q

hemi-

A

1/2

606
Q

mon-

A

1

607
Q

tri-

A

2

608
Q

tetr-

A

3

609
Q

tetr-

A

4

610
Q

pent-

A

5

611
Q

hex-

A

6

612
Q

hept-

A

7

613
Q

oct-

A

8

614
Q

enne-

A

9

615
Q

dec-

A

10

616
Q

hect-

A

100

617
Q

kil-

A

1000

618
Q

is-

A

equal, the same

619
Q

macr-

A

large, long

620
Q

mega(l)-

A

great, large

621
Q

micr-

A

small

622
Q

olig-

A

few

623
Q

pan(t)-

A

all, complete

624
Q

poly-

A

many

625
Q

arch-, arche-

A

ancient, beginning

626
Q

crypt-

A

hidden

627
Q

cycl-

A

circle, wheel

628
Q

dactyl-

A

finger, toe

629
Q

gon-, goni-

A

angle

630
Q

graph-

-gram

A

to write

thing written

631
Q

hedr-

A

seat, plane

632
Q

kary- (cary-)

A

nucleus

633
Q

lith-

A

stone

634
Q

man-, mani-

A

madness

635
Q

mer-

A

part

636
Q

mes-

A

middle

637
Q

metr-, -meter

A

meter, measure

638
Q

odont-

A

tooth

639
Q

op-, opt-

A

eye, sight

640
Q

organ-

A

instrument, organ

641
Q

ox-, oxy-

A

sharp, quick

642
Q

phag-

A

to eat

643
Q

phil-

A

to love, to have an affinity for

644
Q

phor-, pher-

A

to bear, to carry

645
Q

pod-, -pus

A

foot

646
Q

pto-

A

to fall

647
Q

typ-

A

imprint, form

648
Q
  • al;
  • ial

*adjectival

A

related to, belonging to

649
Q
  • an;

- ian

A

related to, similar to

650
Q
  • ic;

- tic, -ac

A

related to, similar to

651
Q

-istic

A

related to, related to the process of

652
Q

-ite

A

belonging to, similar to, derived from

653
Q
  • iod;

- ode

A

similar to, having the shape of

654
Q

-ous

A

full of, related to, similar to

655
Q
  • tic;

- etic, -stic

A

related to the act or process of

656
Q
  • ate

* verbal

A

to make, to do something with

657
Q

-ize

A

to make, to do something with

658
Q

aden-

A

gland

659
Q

aer-

A

air, gas

660
Q

agon-

A

to compete, to strive

661
Q

andr-

A

man, male

662
Q

anthrop-

A

human being

663
Q

asthm-, asthmat-

A

short breathing, panting

664
Q

aster-, astr-

A

star

665
Q

botan-

A

herb, plant

666
Q

carp-

A

wrist

667
Q

cau-, caus-, cauter-

A

to burn

668
Q

cleid-

A

clavicle

669
Q

cyst-

A

bladder, sac

670
Q

ge-

A

earth

671
Q

ger-, geront-

A

old person, old age

672
Q

gyn-, gyne-, gynec-

A

woman, female

673
Q

kine-

A

to move

674
Q

lep-

A

to seize

675
Q

mast-

A

breast

676
Q

naus-

A

(sea) sickness

677
Q

ped-

A

child, instruction

678
Q

rhe-, -rrhea

rheum-, rheumat-

A

to flow

flowing, discharge

679
Q

som-, somat-

A

body

680
Q

spir-

A

coil

681
Q

sthen-

A

strength

682
Q

thorac-

A

chest

683
Q

typh-

A

stupor

684
Q

zo-

A

animal

685
Q
  • ia;
  • y

*nominal

A

state of, condition of, quality of

686
Q

-iasis

A

diseased condition of

687
Q
  • ism;

- ismus

A

condition of

688
Q

-itis

A

inflammation of, inflammatory disease of

689
Q

-ium

A

part, lining or enveloping tissue, region

690
Q
  • ma;

- m, -me

A

result of the act of

691
Q

-osis

A

diseased condition of, act of, process of

692
Q
  • sis;

- sia, -sy, -se

A

act of, process of, result of the act of

693
Q

-oma

A

tumor of, swelling of, diseased condition of, result of

694
Q

arachn-

A

spider

695
Q

arter-, arteri-

A

artery

696
Q

arth-

A

joint

697
Q

bronch-, bronchi-

A

air tube

698
Q

carcin-

A

cancer

699
Q

ede- (oede-)

A

to swell

700
Q

eury-, eurys-, euryn-

A

wide

701
Q

hepar-, hepat-

A

liver

702
Q

hypn-

A

sleep

703
Q

hyster-

A

uterus

704
Q

laryng-

A

larynx

705
Q

mne-

A

to remember

706
Q

myel-

A

spinal cord, marrow

707
Q

narc-

A

stupor

708
Q

phob-

A

to fear

709
Q

pne-, -pnea
pneum-, pneumat-
pneumon-

A

breathing
air, gas
lung

710
Q

psor-

A

itch

711
Q

ptery-, pteryg-

A

wing

712
Q

sarc-

A

flesh

713
Q

schiz, schis, schist-

A

to split, to rupture

714
Q

sten-

A

narrow

715
Q

tach-, tachy-

A

swift

716
Q

trich-, -trhix

A

hair

717
Q
  • ete;
  • t

*nominal

A

a person or thing doing

718
Q

-ician

A

a specialist in, practitioner of

719
Q

-ics, -tics

A

art, science, or study of

720
Q

-ist

A

art, science, or study of

721
Q

-ist

A

one who practices or partakes in

722
Q

-ter

A

means of, place for

723
Q
  • isk, iscus

* dimunitive

A

little

724
Q

-ium, ion

A

little

725
Q

-idium, -idion

A

little

726
Q

singular
hippopotamus
metanephros
topos

A

plural
hippopotamoi
metanephroi
topoi

727
Q

singular
crisis
hypothesis
synthesis

A

plural
crises
hypotheses
syntheses

728
Q 
singular
carcinoma
schema
stigma
stoma
A 
plural
carcinomata 
schemata
stigmata 
stomata
729
Q 
singular
bacterium
criterion
ganglion
phenomenon
polyhedron
protozoon
A 
plural
bacteria
criteria
ganglia 
phenomena 
polyhedra 
protozoa
730
Q 
singular
meninx
octopus
phalanx
rhinoceros
A 
plural
meninges
octopodes
phalanges
rhinocerotes
731
Q

all-

allel-

A

other, different

other, each other

732
Q

bacter-

A

bacteria

733
Q

cry-

A

cold

734
Q

diet-, diete-

A

to regulate

735
Q

esthe-, (aesthe-)

A

to feel, to perceive

736
Q

galgli-

A

knot, mass of tissue

737
Q

gyr-

A

ring, circle

738
Q

iatr-

A

doctor, treatment

739
Q

iod-

A

violet colored

740
Q

irid-

A

iris, rainbow

741
Q

lip-

A

fat, fatty tissue

742
Q

log-

A

word, speech, study

743
Q

men-

A

moon, menstruation

744
Q

mening-

A

membrane

745
Q

oph-

A

snake

746
Q

orth-

A

straight, correct

747
Q

pharmac-

A

drug

748
Q

psych-

A

mind, soul

749
Q

pyg-

A

buttock

750
Q

rhabd-

A

rod

751
Q

sphinc-

A

to bind, to tighten

752
Q

spor-

A

seed, spore

753
Q

stig-, stigmat-

A

point, prick

754
Q

techn-

A

art, skill

755
Q

ur-, ure-

A

urine

756
Q

compound suffix

A

a word ending comprised of a base and regular suffix. the base component is not technically a suffix, but there are some combinations of bases and suffixes that occur so frequently that they deserve to be treated as suffixes in their own right

757
Q

-algia

A

condition of having pain in

758
Q

-emia

A

condition of the blood

759
Q

-mania

A

madness, obsession

760
Q

-opia

A

condition of the vision

761
Q

-philia

A

intense attraction to or love for

762
Q

-phobia

A

intense fear or aversion to

763
Q

-phoria

A

carrying or transporting

764
Q

-sthenia

A

condition of strength

765
Q

condition of strength

A

turning or inclination

766
Q

acr-

A

extremity, summit

767
Q

argyr-

A

silver

768
Q

aut-

A

self

769
Q

chir-, cheir-

A

hand

770
Q

chron-

A

time

771
Q

copr-

A

excrement

772
Q

gluc-, glyc-

A

sugar

773
Q

hem-, hemat-

A

blood

774
Q

heter-

A

other, different

775
Q

hom-, home-

A

same, similar

776
Q

necr-

A

corpse, dead tissue

777
Q

ne-

A

new, young

778
Q

nom-

A

rule, law; measure

779
Q

orex-

A

appetite

780
Q

ot-

A

ear

781
Q

pale- (palae-)

A

old, ancient

782
Q

platy-, platys-

A

broad, flat

783
Q

pleur-

A

side, rib

784
Q

spa-, spas-

A

to draw, to jerk

785
Q

stere-

A

solid, three-dimensional

786
Q

stom-, stomat-

A

mouth

787
Q

therap-

A

to nurture, to treat

788
Q

traum-, traumat-

A

injury, trauma

789
Q

-ectomy

A

cutting out, removal

790
Q

-graphy

A

writing, imaging

791
Q

-logy

A

study or science of

792
Q

-nomy

A

study or science of

793
Q

-pathy

A

disease, disorder, feeling

794
Q

-plasty

A

shaping, reconstructing

795
Q

-stomy

A

cutting of an opening or mouth

796
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

797
Q

-tomy

A

cutting

798
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment

799
Q

angi-

A

vessel

800
Q

antr-

A

cavity

801
Q

blephar-

A

eyelid

802
Q

cac-

A

bad

803
Q

cheil-

A

lip

804
Q

enter-

A

intestine

805
Q

heli-

A

sun

806
Q

ker-, kerat-

A

horn, cornea

807
Q

lept-

A

thin, delicate

808
Q

lymph-

A

water, lymph

809
Q

nyct-

A

night

810
Q

onc-

A

tumor, swelling

811
Q

ophthalm-

A

eye

812
Q

osm-

A

smell

813
Q

ost-, oste-

A

bone

814
Q

phleb-

A

vein

815
Q

phon-

A

sound, voice

816
Q

proct-

A

anus, rectum

817
Q

pyl-, pyle- pylor-

A

gate, entrance, lower stomach

818
Q

pyr-, pyret-

A

fire, fever

819
Q

rhin, -rrhin-

A

nose

820
Q

salpinx, salping-

A

tube

821
Q

splen-

A

spleen

822
Q

tac-, tax-

A

to order, to arrange

823
Q

tele-

A

far away from, at a distance

824
Q

trache-

A

rough, windpipe

825
Q

-genesis

A

birth, origin

826
Q

-kinesis

A

movement

827
Q

-lysis

A

dissolution, breaking apart

828
Q

-physis

A

growth

829
Q

-stasis

A

condition, standing

830
Q

-scope

A

instrument for viewing

831
Q

-some

A

body, structure

832
Q

-type

A

form, model, example

833
Q

acanth-

A

thorn

834
Q

brady-

A

slow

835
Q

chol-, chole-

A

bile, gall

836
Q

chyl-, chym-

A

juice

837
Q

cly-, clys-

A

to wash

838
Q

colp-

A

vagina

839
Q

dacry-

A

tear

840
Q

dynam-. dyn-

A

power

841
Q

geu-

A

to taste

842
Q

hol-

A

whole, entire

843
Q

-ide

A

idea, mental image

844
Q

idi-

A

one’s own, distinct

845
Q

lapar-

A

abdomen

846
Q

metr-

A

uterus

847
Q

myc- mycet

A

fungus

848
Q

oo-

A

egg

849
Q

orch, orchi-, orchid-

A

testicle

850
Q

pachy-

A

thick

851
Q

parthen-

A

virgin

852
Q

phan-, phaner-, phant- phen-

A

to appear, to show

853
Q

phot-, phos-

A

light

854
Q

rhiz-

A

root

855
Q

sperm-, spermat-

A

semen, seed

856
Q

splanchn-

A

entrails, viscera

857
Q

steth-

A

chest

858
Q

toc-

A

childbirth

859
Q

actin-

A

ray

860
Q

-agog- , -agogue

A

inducing the flow of, expelling

861
Q

ambly-

A

dull, blunt

862
Q

brachy-

A

short

863
Q

campt-

A

bent

864
Q

cel- , celi- , coel- , -coel

A

cavity (esp. in the abdomen)

865
Q

-cele

A

hernia, swelling

866
Q

cente-

A

to puncture

867
Q

doch-

A

to take, to receive, to contain

868
Q

dolich-

A

long

869
Q

gloss- , glott- , glot-

A

tongue

870
Q

hapl-

A

single

871
Q

ichthy- , ichtyos-

A

fish

872
Q

ischi-

A

hip

873
Q

lal-

A

to talk

874
Q

mel-

A

limb

875
Q

my- , mys- , myos-

A

muscle

876
Q

nem- , nemat-

A

thread

877
Q

pen-

A

deficiency, lack

878
Q

poie-

A

to make

879
Q

presby-

A

old

880
Q

pyel-

A

pelvis (esp. of the kidney)

881
Q

rhaph- , -rrhaph-

A

to sew, to suture

882
Q

-rrhag-

A

excessive discharge

883
Q

stear- , steat-

A

fat

884
Q

stern-

A

chest, breastbone

885
Q

xer-

A

dry

886
Q

convex-

Lat.

A

vaulted, rounded

887
Q

hallux, halluc-

Lat.

A

big toe

888
Q

hern- , herni-

Lat.

A

rupture

889
Q

lumb-

Lat.

A

loin

890
Q

plant-

Lat.

A

sole of the foot

891
Q

radix, radic-

Lat.

A

root

892
Q

scoli-

Gk.

A

curved, bent

893
Q

cardio

A

cardiovascular [cardi + vascul + ar]

related to the heart and blood vessels (esp. “cardiovascular exercise”)

894
Q

lipo

A

liposuction [lip + o + suct (Lat. “to suck”) + ion]

surgical removal of fat deposits via vacuum suction

895
Q

mono

A

mononucleosis [mon + o + nucle + osis]

an abnormally high number of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood

896
Q

polio

A

poliomyelitis [poli + o + myel + itis]

infection of the gray matter of the spinal column or central nervous system

897
Q

strep

A

streptococcus [strept (Gk. “twisted”) + o + coccus (Gk. “berry”)]
a type of bacterial organism with spherical clusters linked together in a chain-like (“twisted”) series (esp. of the infection “strep throat”

898
Q

cancer

A

[Lat. cancer, cf. karkinos, “crab”]

so-called because of the apparent resemblance of the spreading growth of tumors to the legs of a crab (cf. “canker”)

899
Q

capillary

A

[capill + ary]

used to describe blood vessels that are similar in shape to “little hairs”

900
Q

hippocampus

A

[Gk. hippokampos, “see horse”]
a convoluted elevation of gray matter in the brain that helps with short term memory and spatial awareness; so-called because of its supposed resemblance to a sea horse

901
Q

lupus

A

[Lat. lupus, “wolf”]
name for a collection of disorders usually marked by discoloration of the skin though may also include a range of other ailments; names for the apparently voracious nature of the affliction

902
Q

pica

A

[Lat. pica, “magpie”]
compulsive eating of non-nutritive substances, such as dirt or hair; named after the magpie, a bird in the crow family, because of its remarkably wide-ranging diet; probably analogous to the Greek kitta (“jay”), which was used in antiquity to denote cravings for strange food

903
Q

polyp

A

[poly + pus}
originally “many-footed} creature, but later used to indicate a nasal tumor; now “a protruding growth from any mucous membrane”

904
Q

solar plexus

A

[sol + ar, Lat. plexus, “network”]
a complex of nerves situated at the pit of the stomach, so-called because of its “radiating” appearance, lit. “sun-like network”

905
Q

diet

A

from Gk. diata, “manner of life, behavior”, now used specifically for a manner of eating

906
Q

intoxication

A

lit. “state of having ingested a poison”; now used primarily to refer specifically to drunkenness (although it can refer to other chemicals)

907
Q

nausea

A

from Gk. nausia (or nautia), “seasickness”; now used of any feeling of sickness, esp. with an inclination to vomit; an example of generalization

908
Q

physician

A

related to Gk. physis (“nature,” from phy-, “to grow”); a physikos was a natural philosopher, one who inquired into the nature of the universe; now used of a medical doctor (cf. “physicist”)

909
Q

plague

A

from Lat. plaga, “strike, blow”: now used to refer to an infectious disease, especially that caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis; an example of specification and intensification

910
Q

Achilles tendon

A

a powerful tendon that attaches to the lower muscle of the legs to the heel; Thetis, the mother of the famous warrior Achilles, was said to have dipped her son into the River Styx while holding him by the heel so that he could become immortal, but as his heal was never immersed in the water, he died when struck by an arrow in this unprotected area (also called by the more descriptive title “calcaneal tendon,” i.e., “tendon of the heel”)

911
Q

atlas (vertebra)

A

the first or uppermost cervical vertebra, which articulated with the occipital bone above and supports the skull; so named after Atlas, the mythic giant born from the Titan Iapetus, responsible for holding up the vault of the heavens (in some accounts, a punishment for his involvement in the rebellion of the Titans against the Olympian gods)

912
Q

caput Medusae

A

dilated cutaneous veins around the umbilicus; so-called because of a perceived resemblance between the veins and the head of the snake-haired Medusa (note the genitive singular Medusae)

913
Q

hymen

A

a membranous fold that partially or wholly occludes the external orifice of the vagina; the Greek work hymen, “membrane,” maybe the same origin as the name Hymen, the Greek and Roman god of marriage, although its etymology is disputed

914
Q

mons Veneris

A

the mons pubis (“pubic mound”) of a woman, i.e., a rounded, fleshy prominence over the pubic bone; lit. “mound of Venus,” names after the Roman goddess of love and sex, corresponding generally to the Greek Aphrodite (Veneris is the genitive singular of the third-declension noun Venus)

915
Q

chimerism

A

in genetics, the presence of cells of different origin in an individual, whether by mutation, transplant, or some other process; names from the chimera, a hybrid monster depicted as an amalgam of a lion, goat, and serpent

916
Q

gigantism

A

abnormal overgrowth or excess in stature, names from the Giants (Lat. and Gk. gigantes), a race of monstrous creatures that were born from Gaia (“Earth”) and drops of blood falling from the castrated genitals of Ouranos (“Sky”); also spelled “giantism”

917
Q

hermaphrodite

A

a person or animal with both male and female sex organs, so-called because of the mythical figure Hermaphroditus, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite who became conjoined with the nymph Salmacis, after which he possessed dual sexuality

918
Q

narcissism

A

excessive self-interest of self-love; named from Narcissus, a beautiful young man who saw his reflection in a stream and was so transfixed by the sight that he could not move; depending on the version of the story he then committed suicide, or fell into the spring and drowned, or was transformed into a flower

919
Q

panic

A

acute, extreme anxiety, often leading to abnormal thinking or behavior; lit. “pertaining to Pan”; the Greek god Pan presided over mountains, forests, caved, and other places in which strange sounds could be heard, and the fear caused by such noises were associated directly with the god

920
Q

priapism

A

persistent abnormal erection of the penis, usually without any sexual desire; Priapus was a Greek god of fertility and sexuality marked by a constant ithyphallic (i.e., erect) state; he was also associated generally with prosperity (statuettes of erect penises were frequently employed as good-luck charms)

921
Q

satyriasis

A

hypersexuality in a male; lit. “the condition of being a satyr,” a hybrid (often ithyphallic) creature associated with Dionysus and known for constant cravings for wine and sex

922
Q

venereal

A

related to or transmitted by sexual contact (esp. of disease); lit. “having to do with Venus”

923
Q

ammonia

A

a colorless, water-soluble alkaline has that can be toxic in high concentrations; so-called because it was emitted by sal ammoniacus (“salt of Ammon”), a salt obtained by the Romans near the temple of Jupiter Ammon in Egypt (the Egyptian deity Amun was king of the gods and therefore associated with the Greek Zeus and the Roman Jupiter

924
Q

aphrodisiac

A

a drug that increases sexual libido; from a Greek word meaning “having to do with Aphrodite,” the goddess of love and sex

925
Q

atropine

A

a poisonous alkaloid occurring naturally in deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna); called by the name Atropos (“Inflexible”), one of the Greek Fates, the goddesses responsible for apportioning to humans their respective lifespans

926
Q

mercury

A

a metallic element that is a silvery-white liquid at room temperature; names from Mercury, the Roman messenger god presiding over commerce, travel, and boundaries (identified with the Greek Hermes); some elements known in antiquity were associated with planets, and likewise, mercury was associated with the god/planet of the name, perhaps because of its mobility (cf. the alternative name “quicksilver”); the Greek name hydrargyros (“liquid silver”) gives the element its symbol, Hg

927
Q

morphine

A

the principle alkaloid of opium, used mainly as a narcotic analgesic, so-called from Morpheus, the mythological son of Hypnos (“sleep”), on account of his ability to induce dreams

928
Q

neptunium

A

a radioactive element obtained by splitting uranium atoms with neutrons; so-called because it came directly after uranium on the periodic table, and Neptune is one planet farther out from Uranus (uranium itself had been named after the newly discovered planet; the same process was also used to label plutonium, the next element in the table after neptunium)

929
Q

sphingosine

A

an amino alcohol serving as a major base of sphingolipids in mammals; some sources claim an etymology from sphinc- (“to bind”), but the actual namesake is the Sphinx, a hybrid female monster famous for her riddles

930
Q

coron-

Lat.

A

crown

931
Q

farc- , farct-

Lat.

A

to stuff, to cram

932
Q

isch-

Gk.

A

to suppress

933
Q

lu- , lut-

Lat.

A

to wash

934
Q

mitr-

Gk.

A

bandage, waistband

935
Q

ram-

Lat.

A

branch

936
Q

thromb-

Gk.

A

clot

937
Q

Eustachian tube

A

a channel that establishes the connection between the nasopharynx and the tympanic cavity serves to adjust the pressure in the cavity to external pressure; named after the Italian anatomist Eustachius

938
Q

Fallopian tube

A

a long, slender tube that extends from the upper lateral cornu of the uterus to the regions of the ovary of the same side; named after the Italian anatomist Fallopius

939
Q

Galen vein

A

either of the internal cerebral veins or the great cerebral vein; names after Galen, the Greek physician of the 2nd century AD

940
Q

islets of Langerhans

A

microscopic structures scattered through the pancreas and compromising its endocrine part (the beta cells of this group produce insulin, from the Latin word insula, “island”); named after the 19th-century German anatomist Paul Langerhand, who was the first to describe them

941
Q

torcular Herophili

A

the confluence of the sinuses at the back of the skull; lit. “wine cellar (i.ei, cavity) of Herophilus,” the Greek doctor active in 3rd century BC who was reputed to have been the first to perform dissection on human cadavers

942
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

a progressive central neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory disturbance and personality changes, progressing to severe dementia; first describes by German neuropathologist and psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer

943
Q

facies Hippocratica

A

a shrunken, pale aspect of the countenance immediately before death; so-named because the description of this condition is found in Hippocratic writings

944
Q

Leishmaniasis

A

an infection caused by Leishmania, a parasitic protozoon of worldwide disruption; named after Scottish pathologist William Boog Leishman

945
Q

Listeriosis

A

an infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a widespread pathogen in humans and animals; named after Joseph Lister, who was known for his work in antiseptics

946
Q

Lou Gehrig’s disease

A

progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord; formally known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (i.e., hardening in the lateral spinal column associated with the lack of muscle nourishment); named after Lou Gehrig, a professional baseball player who was diagnosed with this disease

947
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

a chronic, progressive neurological disorder marked by tremors, muscle rigidity, and slowing of voluntary movement; named after James Parkinson, an English surgeon who first described the disease in his 1817 “Essay of the Shaking Palsy”

948
Q

Rickettsiosis

A

a disease caused by Rickettsia, a genus of bacteria transmitted frequently by ticks, fleas, and lice; named after American pathologist Howard Taylor Ricketts; note that this is not the same as rickets, an interruption in bone development caused by a vitamin D deficiency

949
Q

Salmonellosis

A

an infection caused by the genus of bacteria known as Salmonella, which manifests itself most frequently in humans as food poisoning; named after American pathologist Daniel Elmer Salmon

950
Q

Cesarean section

A

delivery of a child by an incision through the walls of the abdomen when natural birth cannot take place; so-called because it was thought that an ancestor of Julius Caesar was born this way

951
Q

Heimlich maneuver

A

a method of dislodging food or other material from the throat of a choking victim, affected by the sudden application of upward thrust into the abdomen between the navel and the sternum; developed by American thoracic surgeon Henry J. Heimlich

952
Q

Pap smear

A

an exfoliative cytological staining procedure for detection and diagnosis of various conditions, esp. cancer and precancerous growths in the female reproductive tract; named very succinctly for Greek anatomist Georgios Papanicolaou

953
Q

Pasteurization

A

the process of heating foods or liquids (esp. milk) to a specific temperature for a specific time for the purpose of eliminating microorganisms that would cause spoilage; developed by French chemist Louis Pasteur

954
Q

John Surgery

A

the surgical replacement of a portion of the ulnar collateral ligament with another tendon from another part of the body, performed frequently on athletes; named after professional baseball pitcher Tommy John, the first person to undergo this procedure

955
Q

auscult- , ausculttat-

Lat.

A

to listen

956
Q

inguin-

Lat.

A

groin

957
Q

palp-

Lat.

A

to touch, to stroke

958
Q

pharynx , pharyng-

Gk.

A

throat

959
Q

tuss-

Lat.

A

cough

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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