final exam Flashcards by Sarah Blakney

In the sixteenth century, theorists of music and architecture in humanists circles exchanged ideas

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Architectural spaces and musical features can be experienced as creating similar emotions

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who composed Poeme elctronique

Edgard Varese

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who was one of the Philips Company’s first choices for composer for the World’s Fair exhibit

Benjamin Britten

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In the early, 1450s, Leon Battista Alberti claimed that vaulted ceilings were unsuitable for public buildings because of the excessive reverberation and recommended instead a beamed, flat wooden ceiling to improve the sound

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The style in which a building is designed and constructed, especially with regard to a specific period, place, or culture

architecture

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the properties or qualities of a room or building that determine how sound is transmitted in it

acoustics

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the process by which a material, structure, or object takes in sound energy when sound waves are encountered

sound absorption

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of the sound waves

sound reflection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a wave of compression and rarefaction, by which sound is propagated in an elastic medium such as air

sound wave

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Music and architecture share experiential qualities

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

increasingly large and colorful, with sounds interwoven and details only partly discernible

Romantic period

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

conductors develop tricks for how to make musicians sound better in different kinds of acoustic spaces, like stretching out the lengths of notes to stimulate the effects of reverberation

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The performance spaces that dominated Europe and North America since the Renaissance have shaped, but were not shaped by, the styles of music that prevailed through different periods in modern history

false

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When was the Philips Pavilion constructed

1958

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Conducting style sometimes develops baed on the acoustics of a conductor’s home hall

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Howard and Morretti’s study focused on

Renaissance Venice

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Music can alter our environments through vibrations, and those vibrations can give us a diverse range of feelings

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Performers, and especially soloists, need to think about the sound of their particular instrument in a given space

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Howard and Morretti’s study is one of the first to connect historically informed performance with architectural history

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For Which cathedral’s dedication did the Guillaume Dufay compose Nuper Rosarum flores?

Santa Maria del Flore in Florence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

variety, some reflecting earlier styles and others largely unprecedented

Twentieth Century music

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Performers should strive to use the exact same performance techniques at all times regardless of the venue in which they perfrom

false

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When was the word “acoustics” first used?

eighteenth century

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Early ceremonial books about liturgy in Renaissance Venice include al possible information needed for recreating performances accurately, including details participants would have memorized at that time

false

Howard and Moretti's project goal

reunite the aural and visual dimensions of worship and ritual in Renaissance Venice

basic shape of a typical opera house seating plan

horseshoe

What is the glue that Joyner argues binds music and architecture together

duration

The complex shape of the Philips Pavilion was created by pouring concrete into molds

False

divided or split choir

"Coro spezzato"

Who was involved with designing the architecture of the Philips Pavilion

Le Corbusier and Iannis Xenakis

good acoustic space for Baroque space

dry smaller rectangular rooms or small theaters

good acoustic space for Classical music

somewhat larger rooms with bigger sound and medium reverberation

good acoustic space for Romantic music

fullness of tone and low definition, with long reverberation time

good acoustic space for Twentieth-century music

able to accommodate a variety of styles

Every concert hall and opera house has identical acoustics

false

The essence of a building or space can be captured without interacting with it as long as one understands its formal complexity, historical relevance, or conceptual rigor

False

Nuper rosarum flores

Guillaume Dufay

Poeme elcetronique

Edgard Varese

Symphony No. 94 ("Surpries"), movement 2

Joseph Haydn

Prelude to Act 1, from Parsifal

Richard Wagner

The propagations of sound was a concern of ancient Greek writers such as Aristoxenes and Aristotles

True

A pianist depends more on their performance techniques than on the hall to create the desired effects

True

Which composer designed his own opera house to achieve the perfect acoustical environment for his compositional style

Richard Wagner

In recent decades, in the search for greater authenticity in performance, early music enthusiasts have tried to reconstruct Renaissance and Baroque festivities in Venice using scholarly editions and period instruments

True

characteristics that make up a good concert hall

ability to hear very soft or quiet passages, reverberation times sufficient for crescendos to very loud climaxes, clarity of melody and individual instrument families, richness or fullness of sound

a choir secluded behind the high altar

retrochoir

During the Renaissance, what was considered a crucial factor for acoustics

type of ceiling

Who said "I call architecture 'petrified music;"

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

synthesis of independent ideas into a single unit, with fullness, depth, and some calrity

Classical period

The Philips Pavilion with the Poeme electronique was the first electronic spatial environment to combine architecture, film, light, and music

True

Architects for the Renaissance cathedrals in Venice had close ties to and friendships with musicians

True

architecture, composition, conductor, and performers

Factors contributing to the perfect concert hall

Xenakis was the first respected architect to consider the relationship between architecture and music

False

contrapuntal, with clarity and brightness

Baroque music

an afro-cuban religion derived from the Yoruba religions and combined with aspects of Catholicism

Santeria

What factor has made the greatest impact on the musical content of Santeria rituals in more recent decades

It began to be played in new performance settings, where practitioners opened traditionally secret rituals to the public

ritual phrase or formula

mantra

In the Mahakala ritual chant in the Listening Guide, the Tibetan Buddhist monks perform sustained sections of chant called

dbyangs

Tibetan Buddhist monks chant with accompaniment provided by the sadhana, an ensemble comprised of horns, cymbals, and drums

False

A vocal slide used in Ethiopian Christian chant

rekrek

A worshipper of orishas

santero

The largest and lowest-pitched of the three bata drums used in Santeria music

iya

The head musician in the Ethiopian church

marigeta

A Tibetan Buddhist ritual meditation text

sadhana

Which of the following terms does not refer to public acts of worship

trope

Ethiopian Christian chant

zema

Which type of ritual is the bar mitzvah

a rite of passage

How has Ethiopian Christian Orthodox musical practice changed in its diaspora communities

Familiar chants are shortened and modified and performed in concerts

What event led to the establishment of the Ethiopian Christian Orthodox Church outside of Ethiopia

the Ethiopian revolution in the 1970s

What word refers to the most important signs in Ethiopian church musical notation, each of which consists of a Ge-ez alphabet character and represents a specific short melody

melekket

how did members of Santeria hide their rituals after the Cuban government banned their religious practices

They joined each Santeria deity to a specific Catholic saint so that rituals associated with the deities were disguised

An Ethiopian church musician

debtara

The primary ritual for the performance of Ethiopian Christian chant

Mahlet

A ritual phrase or formula that is recited in Tibetan Buddhist chant

mantra

A Santeria rhythmic pattern

toque

Ethiopian Christian chant

zema

An established set of rites or the observance of such a set of rites

ritual

Handwritten copy of Five Books of Moses used in Jewish rituals

Torah scroll

Feelings of social union and togetherness generated by rituals

communitas

Central complex of prayers and ceremonies in Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christian worship

Mass

A type of biphonic Tibetan chant characterized by sustained notes in a low-register and audible harmonics

dbyang

A song book of Tibetan dbyang

dbyang-yig

instrumental ensemble accompanying Buddhist chant; the cymbals in religious practies

rol mo

A singing technique of inner Asian origin in which two tones, are made audible

biphonic singing

Biphonic voice style used in Tibetan Buddhist rituals, associated with Tantric belief and philosophy

tantra voice

colloquial term for biphonic vocal style in Tibetan buddhist chant

mdzo voice

Ceremony in honor of Tibetan Buddhist deity Mahalaka

Mahalaka ritual

Circular symbol in Buddhism representing the universe

mandala

beat in Tibetan Buddhist musical practice

brdung

An Afro-cuban religious and musical practice

Santeria

Mutual aid societies established by slaves in Cuba

cabildos

Saint, in the Santeria traidtion

orishas (santos)

initiated priest of the orishas in Santeria

santero

Double-headed membranophones usually played in sets of three in Santeria ceremonies

bata drums

The largest and deepest of the double-headed membranophones in the bata ensembles

iya

The middle-sized double-headed membranophone in the bata ensemble

itotele

The smallest of the double-headed membranophones in the bata ensemble

okonkolo

The rhythmic patterns played by the bata drum in Santeria ceremonies and by the berimbau in capoeira

toque

A "turn," referring to a change in toque during Santeria perofrmance

viro (vuelta)

The music of the Ethiopian Christian liturgy.

Ethiopian Christian chant

Chant book containing repertory performed in Ethiopian Christian rituals as well as the performance of these chants

Hymnary

Performance of the hymnary on annual Ethiopian Christian holidays accompanied by instruments and dance

Mahlet

Ethiopian double-headed conical membranophone

kebaro

Resonant stone slabs struck to call Ethiopian Christians to prayer

dewel

A group of celebratory Ethiopian Christian chants

angregari

Ethiopian term for monophonic chant or plainchant

qum zema

The vocal slides characteristic of Ge-ez mode in Ethiopian Christian chant

rekrek

Vocal embellishment with three or more pitches performed on one textual syllable

melisma

A melodic or harmonic figure, typically at the end of a phrase or piece that creates a sense of repose or resolution

cadence

A performance practice that features alternation between two or more groups of singers or players

antiphonal style

A repertory of Ethiopian Christian hymns first composed in the 1960s with texts in the vernacular language, Amharic,

Sunday School Songs