Final Exam Flashcards
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Motor behavior of anxiety
A: stimulus that elicits fear
B: move away from stimulus
C: bad feelings of anxiety go away (negative reinforcement)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Compulsive behavior of a child with OCD?
A: bad feelings/anxiety
B: compulsive behavior
C: bad feelings of anxiety go away (negative reinforcement)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Non-suicidal self-injury reinforcements
- resolve interpersonal conflict
- obtain relief from negative feeling or cognitive state
- induce a positive feeling state (positive reinforcement)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Defiant response of oppositional defiant disorder
A: parent presents demand
B: defiant response
C: get out of doing demand (neg reinforcement)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Parent response of giving in when ODD children are defiant and rude
A: child defiant
B: parent gives in
C: tantrum/defiance stops
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Disinhibited social engagement reinforcer
- attention (positive reinf)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Dissociative behavior of a child who is sexually abused
A: bad emotions, feelings, thoughts
B: dissociate
C: escape bad feelings (neg reinfor)
Functional Analysis & what are the reinforcements:
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) of a child with autism
A: change in routine, alone, schoolwork
B: SIB
C: attention, dont have to do work, internal sensory feedback
What is the difference between functional analysis and the nominal fallacy?
- Functional analysis: answers the “why” of behavior; asks about a child’s behavior in context/setting
- nominal fallacy: labels that are used to describe behavior are stated as causes (ex. she’s sad bc she’s depressed)
Criteria for Anxiety:
Specific phobia
- extreme dsiabling fear about object or situation that poses little to no threat
- avoid the object/situation going to great lengths to do so
Criteria for Anxiety:
Selective mutism
- failure to speak in specific social situations where there is an expectation to do so
- may speak in other settings
Criteria for Anxiety:
School refusal
- refusal to attend school specifically
- may have similar behaviors to separation anxiety but must figure out reinforcer
Criteria for Anxiety:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- obsess; persistent - at least 1 hr/day on the same thought
- “intrusive” thoughts - feels like they cant control it
- ex. contamination, hypermorality/perfection, need for order/balance/symmetry, do thing wrong way
- compulsion: voluntary, adaptive bc anxiety/bad thoughts go away after performing (neg. rein)
Criteria for Anxiety:
Social anxiety disorder/ social phobia
- fear of social or performance requirements that expose them to scrutiny and possible embarrassment
- often don’t want to be focus of attnetnion
- anticipate awkwardenss and poor performance
Criteria for Anxiety:
Separation anxiety disorder
- separation from parents/ primary caregiver
- excessive age-inappropriate distress
- fantasize about reunion
Criteria for Anxiety:
Generalized anxiety disorder
- excessive worry about a range of topics (BAD and in the future)
- worry is out of proportion w/ actual likelihood
- tend to be perfectionistic, high expectations of selves and others
- worry about performance and people’s reactions
- seek reassurance
- move away from thing causing anxiety (neg. rein)
- physical symp: nasueua, muscle tension headaches, perspire, heart rate
Criteria for Mood Disorder:
Dysthymia/ persistent depressive disorder
- Dysthymia: chronic (at least 1 yr), less intense, hopeless/helpless
Criteria for Mood Disorder:
Major depression
- 1.) sadness (more days than not for most of day)
- 2.) an hedonia (inability to experience pleasure with things that used to be fun)
- 3.) sleep problems (too much or too little)
- 4.) eating problems (too much or too little)
- 5.) thoughts of death (not necessarily suicide)
- 6.) problems with attention/concentrating
- 7.) thoughts of worthlessness (self-deprecating comments - not accurate)
- 8.) motor agitation
- 9.) fatigue
Criteria for Mood Disorder:
Non-suicidal self-injury
- intentional self-inflicted damage to the surface of the body
- no suicidal intent
- behavior interferes with functioning
Criteria for Mood Disorder:
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
- chronic, severe, persistent irritability
- temper tantrums that are age-inappropriate and out f proportion
- bad mood
- happens in at least 2 different settings
Criteria for Disruptive Behavior Disorders:
Conduct Disorder: childhood onset vs adulthood onset
- childhood: less that 10 yrs old; left untreated persists into adulthood and tend to be more aggressive as adults
- adolescent: usually more brief, “maturity gap,” peer relations tend to influence this
Criteria for Disruptive Behavior Disorders:
Conduct Disorder: describe limited prosocial emotions
- lack of remorse/don’t feel guilty
- callous (lack empathy - knowing and feeling others’ emotions) (“cold”)
- unconcerned about own performance
- don’t express emotions
Criteria for Disruptive Behavior Disorders:
Conduct Disorder: characteristics
- 1.) aggression to ppl and animals (ex. bullying, starting fights, forcibly stealing, torture small animals)
- 2.) deceitfulness and theft (nontrivial)
- 3.) Property destruction
- 4.) serious rule violations
Criteria for Disruptive Behavior Disorders:
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- 1.) defiance - voluntary motor response, “no” response (ex. arguing, deliberately annoying others, blame others)
- 2.) angry/irritable (more tantrums then developmentally normal)
- 3.) vindictive (malicious ill will prompting urge to hurt or humiliate others)
