Exam 2 Flashcards
What are the four general characteristics of Conduct Disorder?
- 1.) aggression to ppl and animals (ex. bullying, starting fights, forcibly stealing, torture small animals)
- 2.) deceitfulness and theft (nontrivial)
- 3.) Property destruction
- 4.) serious rule violations
What are the characteristics of “limited pro-social emotions”?
- lack of remorse/don’t feel guilty
- callous (lack empathy - knowing and feeling others’ emotions) (“cold”)
- unconcerned about own performance
- don’t express emotions
What are the differences between childhood (early) onset vs adolescent onset of CD
- childhood: less that 10 yrs old; left untreated persists into adulthood and tend to be more aggressive as adults
- adolescent: usually more brief, “maturity gap,” peer relations tend to influence this
What are the 3 major features of relational aggression? What age group/gender is it used by most?
- typically girls middle/HS age
- 1.) exclude ppl from groups
- 2.) rumors
- 3.) manipulating friendships
What are the 3 general characteristics of Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
- 1.) defiance - voluntary motor response, “no” response (ex. arguing, deliberately annoying others, blame others)
- 2.) angry/irritable (more tantrums then developmentally normal)
- 3.) vindictive (malicious ill will prompting urge to hurt or humiliate others)
What is the 60% rule for following directions?
- within normal limits if child follows 60% of directions
- less than 60% = defiance
What are the reasons to treat defiant behavior? (RLA)
- # 1 referral reason
- defiance is a learning readiness behavior - have to follow directions for ppl to teach you things
- related to aggression - if you treat defiance then aggression decreases
- freedoms and opportunites restricted
- expensive if left untreated
What are the reasons to treat disruptive behavior?
GEBPD
- generalizes over time and across settings (left untreated adult men more likely to engage in aggressive & criminal behavior; in women more depression and anxiety)
- has effects on adults (adults act more harshly and hostile towards child)
- staff burnout: adults quit, costly for employers
- interferes with peer relationships
- correlated with depression and anxiety
- freedoms and opportunities restricted
- expensive if left untreated
Explain the role of negative reinforcement in coercion. Why is negative reinforcement powerful in this case?
- the behaviors of both the parent and child are reinforced bc aversive thing is removed (child gets out of following direction/doing task; parent gets out of child tantrum)
- negative reinforcement is followed by immediate consequence so reinforcer is powerful
- as you climb ladder in aversiveness, more intense aggressiveness is negatively reinforced by removal of even more aversive things
What are the 3 primary characteristics of ADHD?
- 1.) hyperactivity - nondirective (doesnt accomplish anything IRL, just neural motor feedback) & relentless and pervasive across settings
- 2.) attention problems in two possible forms (short attentions span OR distractable)
- 3.) impulsive/impulsivity (can appear in 3 ways) (short latency between antecedent and behavior meaning react suddenly) (cognitive analysis - act as if they arent thinking about consequences, “thoughtless”) (inordinantly influenced by immediate outcomes - not affected by long-term outcomes, maladaptive bc society constructed around delayed outcomes)
What are the 3 types/presentations of ADHD?
- ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type (ADD) (mostly attn problems)
- ADHD Predominantly Hyper-Impulse Type (lots of hyper-motor behavior & impulsivity but pays attn)
- ADHD Combined Type (all 3 features)
What are the differences between ADD and Combined Type ADHD
- ADD: neglected (not pop. or rejected), more depression and anxiety
- Combined: referred at younger age; tend to be rejected by peers, more likely to have ODD/CD
What are the reasons not to rely on medication for ADHD?
- works well on 40% of kids
- works ok on 40% (manages symp and reduce severity)
- does nothing for 20% of kids
What are the side effects of ADHD medicine?
- sleep problems
- appetite suppression
- weight loss
How long does it take for ADHD medicine to work and how long does it last?
- takes about 30 mins to kick in
- lasts 4-8 hrs
