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Clin Path > Final exam > Flashcards

Final exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is added to the blue top tube?

A

Sodium citrate

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2
Q

Horse hasn’t eaten in 4 days. Bilirubin is very high. What is the cause of the high bilirubin?

A

Anorexia

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3
Q

Horse hasn’t eaten in 4 days. CK is very high. What is the cause of increased CK?

A

Diffuse acute muscle necrosis

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4
Q

Diabetic cat with electrolyte abnormalities. Why?

A

dehydration

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5
Q

Abdominal effusion: TP too low to measure, NCC = 1,000. What is the cause?

A

Hypoalbuminemia (pure transudate)

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6
Q

Abdominal effusion: TP =6, NCC = 6,000. What is the cause?

A

Chronic Heart failure

modified transudate

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7
Q

You are monitoring a patient that has Warfarin toxicosis using the PT test. Which factor is being monitored?

A

Factor VII

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8
Q

Dog has a markedly prolonged aPTT and PT. What is your concern?

A

DIC

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9
Q

In a physical exam, you notice petechial hemorrhage on the mucosal membranes. What is the cause?

A

thrombocytopenia

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10
Q

The cause of the increase in BMBT in an animal with Von Willebrand’s Dz is due to dysfunction of

A 
Platelet adhesion
(buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) in a dog to test for von Willebrands factor (vWF) disease)
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11
Q

How does ADH cause an increase in water and sodium absorption?

A

by increasing expression of aquaporins in the renal tubules

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12
Q

What is the differential cell count of eos?
TNCC= 25,000
Eos are 10%

A

2,500

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13
Q

Increase TT4, normal FT4 and TSH. What is the cause?

A

Primary Hyperthyroidism

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14
Q

Decreased TT4, normal FT4 and TSH. What is the cause?

A

Euthryoid Sick Syndrome

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15
Q

Hypothyroid dog.
What is the cause?
What electrolyte abnormalities would you expect?
What is the cause of the leukocyte abnormalities in this dog? (no stress leukogram)

A

Addison’s
Hyperkalemia and Hyponatremia
Adrenal gland insufficiency

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16
Q

You’re testing for hyperadrenocortism.

LDDST shows increase at 8hr and 4hr. Whats the best answer?

A

Either AT or PPDH

17
Q

You’re testing for hyperadrenocortism.

LDDST shows increase at 8hr and normal level at 4hr. Whats the best answer?

A

PPDH

18
Q

You’re testing a dog. ACTH-stim test shows decrease baseline cortisol. Cortisol= 1.5 post admin. What is the cause?

A

dog is hypothyroid

19
Q

What is the best way to test for feline pancreatitis?

A

fPLI

20
Q

Dog has yellow/orange urine. What is the pigment?

A

bilirubin

21
Q

Cat with neg bact, blood and protein in urine. Increased BUN, increased Crea, decreased USG. What is the cause of the proteinuria

A

post renal due to polynephritis?

22
Q

What is not a primary regulator of blood volume and water retention?

A

PTH is not a primary regulator

23
Q

Selective chloride loss from

A

high vomiting

24
Q

What is the most probable cause of hyperkalemia?

A

Oliguria/anuria

25
Q

Given a feline blood typing card, what blood type does it have?

A

Type A

the one that coags

26
Q

Decrease ALB and decreased GLOB, what is the cause of decreased protein?

A

PLE (protein losing enteropathy)

27
Q

Electrophoresis shows one peak at the gamma protein. What is the most likely cause?

A

multiple myeloma (monoclonal gammopathy)

28
Q

What is causing diarrhea? TLI > 1.0, decrease folate, decrease B12

A

diffuse small intestinal injury

29
Q

Dog has not eaten in 5 days. GLU is very high, all liver enzymes increased. What is the cause?

A

glucocorticoid administration

30
Q

What is the least likely cause of the hypercalcemia?

A

ethylene glycol

31
Q

Classify the leukemia. Increase bands, decrease lymphs

A

inflam and stress leukogram

32
Q

What is the least likely cause of lymphocytosis?

A

cushings

33
Q

In a dog with DIC, what would be the result of a BMBT test and why?

A

prolonged due to the thrombocytopenia

34
Q

Spherocytes and toxic neutrophils. What is the most likely dx?

A

IMHA

35
Q

What are we worried about unmasking when treating a patient for _____ fill in???

A

renal failure?

36
Q

A three year old male neutered Weimaraner dog is presented with a two day history of worsening anorexia, lethargy, cough and exercise intolerance.

On physical exam, the mucous membranes are pale with a few petechiae.

T=99.8 F (37.7 C)..[N=99.5-102.5 F, N=37.2-39.2 C]
RR=24 brpm…..[N= 15-34]
HR=144 bpm….[N= 60-120]

A coagulation profile shows the following:

Thrombocytes= 343,500 per microliter..[N=200,000-900,000]
Buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT), normal
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), increased
Prothrombin time (PT), increased
Thrombin time (TT), normal
Fibrin degradation products (FDPs), normal

Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate diagnosis?

A

Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity

Clin Path (6 decks)

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