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Sql Advanced DataBase > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when there is a violation of normal form to fix it?

A

Usually ends up in creating a new table

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2
Q

if something is in first normal form is it garenteed to be in second?

A

yes

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3
Q

if its a has a composite key which normal form is in play

A

2nd and boyce codd

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4
Q
  1. The__________ determines the common attribute or attributes by looking for identically named attributes and compatible data types.
A

natural join

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5
Q

When using a subquery, the output of a(n)_________ query is used as the input for the outer query.

A

inner

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6
Q
  1. The _________ clause is used to restrict the output of a GROUP BY query by applying a conditional criteria to the grouped rows.
A

HAVING

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7
Q
  1. The IN subquery uses a(n)___________ operator.
A

equality

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8
Q
  1. The use of the____________ operator allows you to compare a single value with a list of values returned by the first subquery (sqA) using a comparison operator other than EQUALS.
A

ALL

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9
Q
  1. A(n)_____________subquery is a subquery that executes once for each row in the outer query.
A

correlated

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10
Q
  1. The___________ statement combines the output of two SELECT queries.
A

UNION

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11
Q
  1. A(n)____________ query can be used to produce a relation that retains the duplicate rows.
A

UNION ALL

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12
Q
  1. The____________ statement can be used to combine rows from two queries, returning only the rows that appear in both sets.
A

INTERSECT

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13
Q
  1. If the DBMS does not support the INTERSECT statement, one can use a(n)__________ subquery to achieve the same result.
A

IN

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14
Q
  1. A(n)___________view is a view that can be used to update attributes in the base table(s) that are used in the view.
A

updatable

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15
Q
  1. A(n)____________ routine pools multiple transactions into a single batch to update a master table field in a single operation.
A

batch update

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16
Q
  1. A row-level trigger requires use of the___________ keywords and is executed once for each row affected by the triggering statement.
A

FOR EACH ROW

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17
Q
  1. When the critical application code is isolated in a single program, ____________ improves.
A

maintenance and logic control

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18
Q

_____ is the term used to describe an environment in which the SQL statement is not known in advance and is generated at run time.

A

Dynamic SQL

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19
Q

A stored function uses the ____ statement to return a value.

A

return

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20
Q

___is the process that establishes the need for an information system and its extent.

A

Systems analysis

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21
Q

the traditional systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) phases are ___, detailed systems design, implementation , and maintenance.

A

planning

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22
Q

an initial assessment of the information flow-and-extent requirements must be made during the __ portion of the Systems development life cycle(sdlc)

A

planning

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23
Q

After testing is concluded, the final __ is reviewed and printed and end users are trained.

A

documentation

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24
Q

the advent of very sophisticated application generators and ___ has substantially decreased coding and testing time

A

debugging tools

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25
Q

The system and operational costs are addressed by the ___ during the planning phase of the Systems development life cycle SDLC

A

feasibility study

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26
Q

___ are usually provided by the database management system to check for access violations

A

Audit trails

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27
Q

The___ describes the general conditions in which a company operates, it organizational structure, and its mission

A

company situation

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28
Q

the system’s ____ defines the extent of the design according to operational requirements.

A

scope

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29
Q

The proposed system is subject to limits known as ____, which are external to the system

A

boundaries

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30
Q

Making sure that the final product meets user and system requirements is the most critical ___ phase.

A

Database Life Cycle(DBLC)

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31
Q

Programmers use database tools to ___ the applications during coding of the programs.

A

prototype

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32
Q

___allows the assignment of access rights to specific authroized users.

A

Password security

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33
Q

The ___ stage uses data modeling to create an abstract database structure that represents real-world objects in the most realistic way possible.

A

conceptual design

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34
Q

The first step in ___ is to discover the data element characteristics

A

conceptual desing

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35
Q

A designer must have a thorough understanding of the company’s data types, extent and uses in order to develop an accurate____

A

data model

36
Q

From a database point of view, the collection of data becomes meaningful only when the __ are defined

A

Business rules

37
Q

a ___ is a brief and precise narrative of a policy, procedures, or principle within a specific organization’s environment

A

business rule

38
Q

Because real world database design is generally done by teams, the database deign is probably divided into major components known as ____.

A

modules

39
Q

A(n)_____ is an information system component that handles a specific business function, such as inventory, orders, or payroll

A

module

40
Q
  1. The price paid for increased performance through Denormalization is a larger amount of ______.
A

redundancy

41
Q
  1. ______ is a process to help reduce the likelihood of data anomalies.
A

Normalization

42
Q
  1. Any attribute that is at least part of a key is known as a ______.
A

prime attribute

43
Q
  1. A dependency based on only a part of a composite primary key is called a ______.
A

partial dependency

44
Q
  1. Dependencies can be identified with the help of a dependency ______.
A

diagram

45
Q
  1. The problem with transitive dependencies is that they still yield data ______.
A

anomalies

46
Q
  1. The ______ is central to a discussion of normalization.
A

concept of keys

47
Q
  1. All relational tables satisfy the _______ requirements.
A

1NF

48
Q
  1. Data redundancies occur from ______ of data on every row entry.
A

duplication

49
Q

Because a partial dependency can exist only when a table’s primary key is composed of several attributes, a table whose ______ key consists of only a single attribute is automatically in 2NF once it is in 1NF.

A

primary

50
Q

Any attribute whose value determines other values within a row is known as a ______.

A

determinant

51
Q

An attribute that cannot be further subdivided is said to display ______.

A

atomicity

52
Q

______ refers to the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table’s row.

A

Granularity

53
Q

In a real-world environment, changing granularity requirements might dictate changes in primary key selection, and those changes might ultimately require the use of ______ keys.

A

surrogate

54
Q

It becomes difficult to create a suitable ______ key when the related table uses a composite primary key.

A

foreign

55
Q

When a non-key attribute is the determinant of a key attribute, the table is in 3NF but not in ______.

A

4NF

56
Q
  1. The conflicts between design efficiency, information requirements, and processing speed, are often resolved through______
A

compromises that include denormalizations

57
Q

The combination of ______ and ER modeling yields a useful ERD, whose entities may now be translated into appropriate table structures.

A

normalization

58
Q

An ERD is created through a (n) ______ process.

A

iterative

59
Q

According to the data-modeling checklist, ______ should be nouns that are familiar to business, should be short and meaningful, and should document abbreviations, synonyms, and aliases for each entity.

A

entity names

60
Q
  1. A ____ is a block of code that is stored and executed at the DBMS server
A

A. PSM

61
Q
  1. Cursor style processing involves retrieving data from the cursor one row at a time
A

True

62
Q
  1. The SQL aggregate function that gives the total of all values for a selected attribute in a given column
A

Sum

63
Q
  1. If a table has multiple candidate keys and one of those candidate keys is a composite key the table can have ____ based on this composite candidate key even when the primary key chosen is a single attribute.
A

Partial dependency

64
Q
  1. The ___ design is the process of selecting the data storage and the data access characteristics of the database
A

Physical design

65
Q
  1. Automating business procedures and automatically maintaining data integrity and consistency are trivial in a modern business environment
A

False

66
Q
  1. The special operator used to check whether an attribute value is within a range of values is ______.
A

a. BETWEEN

67
Q
  1. The ______ special operator is used to check whether an attribute value is null.
A

IS NULL

68
Q
  1. The special operator used to check whether an attribute value matches a given string pattern is ______.
A

LIKE

69
Q
  1. The special operator used to check whether a subquery returns any rows is ______.
A

EXISTS

70
Q
  1. The ______ command is used with the ALTER TABLE command to modify the table by deleting a column.
A

a. DROP

71
Q

A table can be deleted from the database by using the ______ command.

A

a. DROP TABLE

72
Q
  1. The SQL query to output the contents of the EMPLOYEE table sorted by last name, first name, and initial is ______.
A

b. SELECT EMP_LNAME, EMP_FNAME, EMP_INITIAL, EMP_AREACODE, EMP_PHONE FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY EMP_LNAME, IMP_FNAME, IMP_INITIAL;

73
Q
  1. The SQL aggregate function that gives the number of rows containing non-null values for a given column is ______.
A

COUNT

74
Q
  1. The SQL aggregate function that gives the arithmetic mean for a specific column is ______.
A

AVG

75
Q

The SQL aggregate function that gives the arithmetic mean for a specific column is ______.

A

AVG

76
Q

The SQL data manipulation command HAVING:

A

b. Restricts the selection of grouped rows based on a condition

77
Q

The ______ constraint assigns a value to an attribute when a new row is added to a table.

A

DEFAULT

78
Q

. The syntax for creating an index is ______.

A

b. CREATE [UNIQUE] INDEX indexname ON tablename (column1 [, column2]);

79
Q

According to the rules of precedence, which of the following computations should be completed first?

A

Performing operations within parentheses

80
Q

All changes in a table structure are made using the ______ command, followed by a keyword that produces the specific changes a user wants to make.

A

ALTER TABLE

81
Q

In the SQL environment, the word ______ covers both questions and actions

A

query

82
Q

The basic SQL vocabulary has fewer than ______ words

A

100

83
Q

A (n) ______ is a logical group of database objects, such as tables and indexes that are related to each other.

A

schema

84
Q

With the exception of the database ______ process, most RDBMS vendors use SQL that deviates little from the ANSI standard SQL

A

creation

85
Q

U. S. state abbreviations are always two characters, so _____ (2) is a logical choice for the data type.

A

CHAR

86
Q

True/False

Date procedures are often more software-specific than other SQL procedures.

A

True

Sql Advanced DataBase (8 decks)

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