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British Lit > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are the years of the Middle Ages?

A

450 to 1485

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2
Q

What are the years of the Old English period?

A

450 to 1100

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3
Q

What are the years of the Middle English period?

A

1100 to 1485

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4
Q

What are the years of the Renaissance?

A

1485 to 1688

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5
Q

What are the years of the Tudor period?

A

1485 to 1603

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6
Q

What are the years of the Stuart period?

A

1603 to 1688

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7
Q

What are the years of the Age of Revolution?

A

1688 to 1832

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8
Q

What are the years of the Neoclassical period?

A

1688 to 1789

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9
Q

What are the years of the Romantic period?

A

1789 to 1832

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10
Q

What are the years of the Age of Reform?

A

1832 to Now

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11
Q

What are the years of the Victorian period?

A

1832 to 1914

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12
Q

What are the years of the Modern period?

A

1914 to Now

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13
Q

Rationalism can be defined as what?

A

The rule of reason in all areas of life

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14
Q

How did England’s domination of the seas help advance the industrial revolution?

A

Crowding out the French, Dutch, and Spanish from valuable markets and sources of raw materials

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15
Q

What three main beliefs of Scripture did the Deists reject?

A

1) the deity of Christ
2) Christ’s death and bodily resurrection
3) miracles of Scripture

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16
Q

What is the purpose of satire?

A

To upbraid and to warn

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17
Q

What was Daniel Defoe’s most lasting contribution to the novel?

A

Journalistic realism

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18
Q

The essays found in Addison and Steele’s “The Tatler and The Spectator” are much like our present-day __________

A

Editorials

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19
Q

What is the purpose of Swift’s “Gulliver’s Travels”?

A

To vex the world, rather than entertain it

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20
Q

What fundamental question does “An Essay on Man” seek to answer?

A

Why does evil exist?

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21
Q

List the reasons that the 18th century became a great age of hymnody.

A

1) hymns provided a respond to the neoclassical emphasis on rational control
2) the neoclassical qualities important to good writing were important to writing a good hymn

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22
Q

What creature is used as an example in illustrating the truth taught in Watts’ “Against Idleness and Mischief”?

A

A bee

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23
Q

The line “Thither the household feathery people crowd” is an example of what?

A

Periphrasis

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24
Q

Over what issue did the Wesley’s and Whitefield sharply disagree?

A

The Calvinistic doctrine of limited atonement

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25
Q

According to Wesley’s journal, he had a grasp of _________ and enjoyed ___________ as well as __________ reading

A

Greek, secular, sacred

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26
Q

Name Charles Wesley’s hymns.

A 
"And Can It Be That I Should Gain"
"Jesus, Lover of My Soul"
"Soldiers of Christ, Arise"
"Behold the Man!"
"The Beatific Sight"
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27
Q

Which of Pope’s characteristics did Dryden lack, according to Samuel Johnson?

A

Diligence

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28
Q

What book did Boswell write as a result of traveling with Johnson?

A

“Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides”

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29
Q

What is the verse form of “The Deserted Village”?

A

Heroic couplets

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30
Q

According to Boswell, what trait of Johnson’s overshadows his shortcomings?

A

Conversational abilities

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31
Q

What romantic elements are found in “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”?

A

1) description of rural landscape
2) idealization of humble life
3) use of natural description to generate a mood
4) solitary meditation

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32
Q

The common element in all areas of romantic thinking (political, philosophical, and artistic) is what?

A

Freedom from restraint

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33
Q

What was Robert Burns known as?

A

The “heaven-taught plowman”

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34
Q

Unitarianism evaluates an actions’ goodness or badness based on its production of what?

A

Happiness

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35
Q

List the elements that Christians would agree with romantics on.

A

1) human reason has limitations
2) intuition has some validity
3) the individual has value

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36
Q

Characteristics of romantic poetry include:

A

1) the poet himself as the primary subject
2) highly individual perspective
3) awe-inspiring atmosphere

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37
Q

What is ironic about Blake’s inclusion of a graveyard in his “Garden of Love”?

A

The garden is supposedly dedicated to love, but it produces death AND Blake’s defiance of God’s law will only bring him misery

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38
Q

What institutions of society does William Blake’s “London” condemn?

A

Religion, government, and family

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39
Q

What did Wordsworth credit as being the major formative influence on his writing?

A

Nature

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40
Q

In Wordsworth’s definition of the poetic process, what idea reflects the romantic dislike of control?

A

The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

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41
Q

As a result of his prose, Coleridge is known as the father of what?

A

Modern literary criticism

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42
Q

How do the sailors punish the Mariner in “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”?

A

Hanging the albatross around his neck

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43
Q

What is the primary mood of Lamb’s essays?

A

Nostalgic daydreaming

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44
Q

The Byronic hero is characterized by what?

A

Arrogance, anguish, sullenness, solitude, self-will, and rebellion

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45
Q

What question, which is probably the most famous rhetorical question in English literature, expresses the theme of Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind”?

A

“If winter comes, can spring be far behind”?

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46
Q

Section IV of “Ode to the West Wind” reveals Shelley’s agreement with the romantic belief in what?

A

The superiority of childhood innocence and communion with nature

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47
Q

Keats’ first unquestionably great poem was what?

A

“On First Looking Into Chapman’s Homer”

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48
Q

Name the three missionaries sent out by evangelicals in Victorian England and tell where they served.

A

William Carey- India
Hudson Taylor- China
David Livingstone- Africa

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49
Q

In “The Eve of St. Agnes”, what brings Madeline and Porphyro back to reality?

A

A storm

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50
Q

List the concepts true about the religious climate of 19th century England.

A

1) the period’s evangelicalism produced England’s greatest missionary effect
2) some of England’s finest hymns were produced
3) evangelicalism tempered England’s colonial efforts with humanitarian concerns
4) concerns for social goals were displacing the mission of the church among “high church” Anglicans and “broad church” liberals

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51
Q

____________ _____________ ____________ had an even more devastating effect on the orthodox Christianity of the Victorian period than ___________ ideas.

A

German biblical scholars, Darwin’s

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52
Q

List the two areas in which Thomas Carlyle had his greatest impact on Victorian England.

A

Religious thought and social criticism

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53
Q

What did Newman firmly oppose?

A

All attempts to separate formal religion from public life, especially schools

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54
Q

Tennyson’s poetry was deepened and enriched by what?

A

The death of his best friend

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55
Q

Who is the “Pilot” in Tennyson’s “Crossing the Bar”?

A

“The divine and unseen who is always guiding us”

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56
Q

Who was the late Victorian writer who had the most influence on modern literature?

A

Matthew Arnold

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57
Q

What most affected Christina Rossetti’s writing?

A

17th century Anglican devotional poets

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58
Q

What new poetic genre did Robert Browning create?

A

Dramatic monologue

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59
Q

Most of Lewis Carroll’s poems in the Alice books are best described as what?

A

Parodies

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60
Q

What is Hardy’s attitude toward peasantry?

A

“Noble” rustics or contented pagans

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61
Q

Thomas Hardy’s “The Darkling Thrush” reflects what aspects?

A

1) the lingering pain of rejecting Christianity

2) the futility of trying to purge the miraculous from Christianity

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62
Q

Hopkins’ sprung rhythm, which is based on natural speech rhythms instead of syllable divisions, is like the rhythm pattern of what earlier type of poetry?

A

Old English

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63
Q

List the true statements about A. E. Housman’s “To An Athlete Dying Young”.

A

1) the youth is praised for dying young and keeps his honor even in death
2) demonstrates that fame dies more quickly than beauty does

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64
Q

In “The Kingdom of God”, Thompson says modern man cannot see angels because why?

A

Man’s unredeemed nature prevents him from seeing them

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65
Q

Kipling’s “The Conversion of Aurelian McGoggin” was said to be what form of literature?

A

Tract

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66
Q

In Kipling’s story, according to the doctor, what caused McGoggin’s conversion?

A

Overwork

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67
Q

Who as founder of modern psychology helped foster the existentialist philosophy?

A

Sigmund Freud

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68
Q

Name the philosophy that maintains the strongest influence on writers of the modern period.

A

Rationalism

69
Q

What is the intellectual position most characteristic of the modern period?

A

Existentialism

70
Q

The typical modern poem relies on what?

A

Rhythm

71
Q

According to the modern writer, what is fatal to art?

A

Didacticism

72
Q

The moon imagery in Yeat’s “Adam’s Curse” foreshadows what?

A

The disillusionment at the end of the poem

73
Q

Yeats believed that answers for life were found in what?

A

Art

74
Q

Joyce’s “Ulysses” uses which method of development?

A

Stream of consciousness

75
Q

In Joyce’s “Araby”, why is the boy prevented from leaving for the bazaar?

A

His uncle is late

76
Q

Lawrence particularly despises the bourgeois’ love of what?

A

Sports

77
Q

What does Virginia Woolf intend the road to symbolize in “Three Pictures”?

A

Life

78
Q

In Woolf’s “Three Pictures”, what is the narrator’s response to the first picture?

A

Satisfaction

79
Q

In “Feuille D’Album”, what does Ian purchase in his effort to meet the girl?

A

An egg

80
Q

What does the “tall tree” symbolize in MacNiece’s “The Truisms”?

A

The final maturing of the son

81
Q

In Katherine Mansfield’s stories, what literary element is of supreme importance?

A

Atmosphere

82
Q

Why can’t the mother comfort the father in Robert Grave’s “Coronation Address”?

A

She doesn’t take into account her husband’s feelings toward the matriarchy

83
Q

Life is tragically absurd and illusions give only false comfort.

A

Three Pictures

84
Q

Spiritual fulfillment comes through achieving unity with all of God’s creation.

A

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner

85
Q

“Tis not too late to seek a newer world”.

A

Ulysses

86
Q

All earthly vanity and ambition will eventually fall prey to time.

A

Ozymandias

87
Q

Determination in meeting the challenges of death.

A

Prospice

88
Q

The loss of religion’s validity.

A

Araby

89
Q

The remarkable power of God.

A

Wesley’s Journal

90
Q

The superiority of Nature to books as a moral guide.

A

The Tables Turned

91
Q

To “vindicate the ways of God to man”.

A

Essay on Man

92
Q

Any beautiful, fine accomplishment requires diligent work.

A

Adam’s Curse

93
Q

Who wrote “Essay on Criticism”?

A

Alexander Pope

94
Q

Who wrote “Coronation Address”?

A

Robert Graves

95
Q

Who wrote “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”?

A

William Wordsworth

96
Q

Who wrote “Winter”?

A

James Thomson

97
Q

Who wrote “When I Was One and Twenty”?

A

A. E. Housman

98
Q

Who wrote “The Deserted Village”?

A

Oliver Goldsmith

99
Q

Who wrote “The Tyger”?

A

William Blake

100
Q

Who wrote “A Red, Red Rose”?

A

Robert Burns

101
Q

Complied and edited the “Dictionary of the English Language”

A

Samuel Johnson

102
Q

Called “the English Chekhov”

A

Katherine Mansfield

103
Q

Upon becoming a Jesuit priest, burned all his poetry

A

Gerald Manley Hopkins

104
Q

Took part in a romantic elopement

A

Robert Browning

105
Q

Nationalist poet who often wrote in dialect

A

Robert Burns

106
Q

After trying to reform Anglicanism, converted to Catholicism

A

John Henry Newman

107
Q

Showed great talent, but died of tuberculosis at 26

A

John Keats

108
Q

Poet laureate

A

John Dryden

109
Q

Wrote satirical travel literature

A

Jonathan Swift

110
Q

Know essays

A

Yeahhhhhh 😅

111
Q

A story with a literal and an implied level of meaning. The implied level of meaning may suggest actual persons, places, events, and situations or a set of ideas

A

Allegory

112
Q

The repetition of similar consonant sound within a group of neighboring words of lines. Often initial consonant sounds are repeated. This poetic device often increases the musical effect of the language.

A

Alliteration

113
Q

A reference within a work of literature to something outside it

A

Allusion

114
Q

A person or force opposing the protagonist in a drama or narrative

A

Antagonist

115
Q

A brief statement, often witty, that expresses a principle, truth, or observation about life

A

Aphorism

116
Q

The addressing of some nonpersonal (or absent) object as if it were able to reply

A

Apostrophe

117
Q

A narrative poem that can be set to music and sung. Often feature alternating lines of iambic tetrameter and iambic trimester with a regular meter and rhyme scheme

A

Ballad

118
Q

A detailed account of a person’s life and accomplishments, written by another person

A

Biography

119
Q

Unrhymed iambic pentameter

A

Blank verse

120
Q

A break or pause introduced in the midst of a line of verse, language, or by content

A

Caesura

121
Q

Representations of persons in literature

A

Character

122
Q

Drama that ends happily

A

Comedy

123
Q

A striking and often elaborate comparison carried out in considerable detail

A

Conceit

124
Q

The struggle between opposing characters, forces, or emotions

A

Conflict

125
Q

Two consecutive lines of poetry, often written in iambic pentameter, with end words that rhyme

A

Couplet

126
Q

Regional variations within the same language, as spoken in different areas of a country

A

Dialect

127
Q

One’s choice of words in writing or speaking

A

Diction

128
Q

A story consisting of action and dialogue designed for stage performance

A

Drama

129
Q

A poem consisting of a speech by a character (who is not the author) addressing an audience at a critical moment in his life

A

Dramatic monologue

130
Q

A mournfully contemplative poem that mourns the death of someone, or the loss of something

A

Elegiac poetry

131
Q

Originally any poem of solemn medication. Now it is a formal poem lamenting the death of a particular person or meditating on the subject of the death itself

A

Elegy

132
Q

Lines whose ends break up a grammatical unity, such as subject and verb or verb and subject

A

Enjambement

133
Q

A long, stylized narrative poem celebrating the deeds of a national or ethnic hero

A

Epic

134
Q

A metaphor that extends throughout a stanza or an entire poem

A

Extended metaphor

135
Q

A literary form typically set in non-existent realms and often featuring supernatural beings

A

Fantasy

136
Q

A technique in which words and phrases that have literary meanings are enhanced and given freshness of expression by means of figures of speech

A

Figurative language

137
Q

Anonymously composed and passed down orally through the generations before it is committed to print

A

Folk ballad

138
Q

A story originating in oral tradition. Folktales fall into a variety of categories, including legends, ghost stories, fairy tales, fables, and anecdotes based on historical figures and events

A

Folktale

139
Q

A literary device that supplies clues that hint at later plot development

A

Foreshadowing

140
Q

A story within a story

A

Frame story

141
Q

The contrast between what is expected and what really happens, or what is said and what is really meant

A

Irony

142
Q

A form or poetic imagery commonly found in Anglo-Saxon poetry. A metaphorical phrase or compound word that is used to indirectly name a person, place, or thing.

A

Kenning

143
Q

Written by known poets for literary effect

A

Literary ballad

144
Q

Short, melodious poems that focus on expressing emotions

A

Lyrical poetry

145
Q

Originally devised by the 17th century metaphysical poets, are especially striking and complex

A

Metaphysical complex

146
Q

The regular arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem

A

Meter

147
Q

Broadly, the expression of one thing in terms of another

A

Metaphor

148
Q

A poem in which the author tells a story

A

Narrative poetry

149
Q

A long, highly stylized lyric poem written in a complex stand on a serious theme and often for a specific occasion

A

Ode

150
Q

A figure of speech in which instinctive human characteristic such as emotions and reason are attributed to an animal, object, or idea

A

Personification

151
Q

An outcome in a literary work (not necessarily a poem) in which good is rewarded and evil is punished, especially in ways that particularly fit the virtue of crime

A

Poetic justice

152
Q

The main character in fiction, drama, or narrative poetry. It’s the protagonist’s conflict that sets the plot in motion

A

Protagonist

153
Q

A stanza consisting of four lines or a four-line poem

A

Quatrain

154
Q

The attempt in fiction to create an illusion of actuality by the use of seemingly random detail or the inclusion of the ordinarily or unpleasant in life

A

Realism

155
Q

A phrase or sentence repeated at intervals throughout a poem, often at the end of a stanza

A

Refrain

156
Q

Identical sounds in corresponding words or phrases

A

Rhyme

157
Q

A more or less regular recurrence of stressed syllables in written or spoken utterance

A

Rhythm

158
Q

A reaction against the cultural climate and values of neoclassicism

A

Romanticism

159
Q

Corrective ridicule in literature, or a work that is designed to correct an evil by means of ridicule

A

Satire

160
Q

An old English poet or Bard

A

Scop

161
Q

A stated comparison of two things using “like” or “as”

A

Simile

162
Q

A lyric poem of 14 iambic pentameter lines conventionally rhyming according to one of two patterns

A

Sonnet

163
Q

A narrative method designed to reproduce the mental process of a character, mingling conscious with half-conscious thoughts and sensations, past with present experience, and rational and irrational associations, in an unbroken flow

A

Stream of consciousness

164
Q

An object that stands for something else as well as for itself

A

Symbolism

165
Q

The way in which grammatical structure is employed to combine words, phrases, and clauses into sentences

A

Syntax

166
Q

A recurring or emerging idea in a work of literature

A

Theme

167
Q

The prevailing attitude the author adopts toward the reader, a character, or a subject

A

Tone

168
Q

Drama that ends unhappily

A

Tragedy

British Lit (9 decks)

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