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Old Testament > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

The 5 Biblical Covenants

A
  • Protoevangelium
  • Abrahamic
  • Mosaic; Davidic
  • New Covenant
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2
Q

Protoevangelium

A

Genesis 3:15

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3
Q

Abrahamic Covenant

A

Genesis 12,15,17 (2100/2000 BC)

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4
Q

Mosaic Covenant

A

Exodus 20 (1450 BC)

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5
Q

Davidic Covenant

A

2 Samuel 7 (1000 BC)

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6
Q

New Covenant

A

Jeremiah 31:31-34 (586 BC)

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7
Q

hozeh and ro’eh

A

seer; visions seen by prophet

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8
Q

nabi’

A

more common; someone who calls or has been called

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9
Q

Early Prophets

A
  • Moses, Samuel
  • Gad, Nathan, Micaiah
  • Elija and Elisha
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10
Q

What Prophets Are

A
  • devoted servants of Yahweh
  • called to service by Yahweh
  • forth tellers/proclaimers of Yahweh’s message
  • fortellers - visions of the future
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11
Q

What Prophets Aren’t

A
  • hysterical babblers
  • fortune tellers
  • religious fanatics
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12
Q

Organizing principles of Major/Minor Prophets

A

length and chronological

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13
Q

Major Prophets

A

Isaiah -Daniel

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14
Q

Minor Prophets

A

“Book of the 12”; Hosea - Malachi

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15
Q

Differences btwn Ancient Near East Prophets

A

+Biblically addressed whole nation
+focused on right living and attitude
+contained moral importance
+reaching implications of pple’s actions

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16
Q

2 Classes of Prophetic Oracles

A

+“Thus says the LORD”

+Oracles of judgment and salvation

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17
Q

Variety of Prophetic Oracles

A

+allegories
+Proverbs
+Lamentations
+prayers

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18
Q

2 types of composition of Prophetic Lit

A

+Personal authorship - written by author

+scribal authorship - written by someone else amanuensis

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19
Q

amanuensis

A

transcribers; Jeremiah had one (Baruch)

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20
Q

Basic Pattern (Major themes) of Prophetic Lit

A

sin > judgment > salvation

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21
Q

Sin

A

+God’s law is background
+Prophets commentate pple’s un/faithfulness
+recurring issues: idolatry and injustice
+call to repent

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22
Q

Judgment

A

Nineveh only positive example of repentance; “Day of the Lord”

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23
Q

Day of the Lord

A

+immediate - destruction of Jerusalem

+future - eschatology - end of human history

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24
Q

3 aspects of the Day of the Lord

A

+judgment of unbelievers
+cleansing of God’s pple
+salvation of God’s pple

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25
Q

Aspects of Salvation theme

A

=God’s presence/Temple
=Messiah, Triumphant King
=New Covenant
=Salvation for the nations

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26
Q

New Covenant

A

New hearts; Jer 31:31-34; Ezek 36:22-28

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27
Q

Isaiah

A

“Yahweh Saves” like Joshua and Jesus

28
Q

Span of Isaiah

A
  • Uzziah’s reign starting in 790 BC

- Hezekiah dies in 687 BC

29
Q

Isaiah’s Calling

A

in year of King Uzziah’s death (740 BC)

30
Q

Ending of Isaiah

A

recorded at death of Sennacherib (681 BC)

31
Q

Crisis of the 8th century

A
  • Syro-Ephraimite War
  • fall of Samaria to Assyria
  • siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib of Assyria
32
Q

Outline of Isaiah

A
  • Intro (1-6)
  • Assyrian context (7-39)
  • Projected Oracles to Exiles (40-55)
  • Projected Oracles to Post Exilic situation (56-66)
33
Q

Purpose of Isaiah

A
  • encourage Jews to place trust in the Lord

- announce God’s plan of grace and glory for His rebellious pple and world

34
Q

Themes of Isaiah

A
  • judgment and hope
  • incomparability of God
  • Messiah - Servant
35
Q

Isaiah: Anticipation of the Gospel

A
  • Isaiah called 5th Gospel
  • predicts virgin birth
  • predicts John the Baptist
  • Messiah as Suffering Servant
  • God’s saving purpose for all Nations
36
Q

Jeremiah the Prophet

A

+called @ young age
+didn’t feel qualified like Moses
+“weeping prophet”

37
Q

Why is Jeremiah the Weeping Prophet

A

+sad message for the pple

+his difficult task led to his weeping

38
Q

audience of Jeremiah

A

Judah and nations

39
Q

Jeremiah the Book

A

+longest book by words
+Oracles of judgment and salvation for Judah
+Book of Comfort (30-33)
+70 year exile

40
Q

Outline of Jeremiah

A

+Prologue: God’s call (1)
+Book of Doom (2-29)
+Book of Comfort (30-33)
+siege and fall of Jerusalem (34-45)
+prophecies of God’s judgment against nations (46-51)
+Epilogue: destruction of Jerusalem and Judah’s exile (52)

41
Q

Themes of Jeremiah

A

+truth, justice, and righteousness
+problem: hard hearts
+solution : new hearts

42
Q

Jeremiah: Anticipation of the Gospel

A

+fulfilment of New Covenant announced @ Last Supper
+New Covenant would lead to new hearts and forgiveness
+new hearts of believer would war against flesh
+war not won until believer is fully conformed to Christ’s image

43
Q

Lamentations author

A

=traditionally Jeremiah

=technically anonymous

44
Q

audience of Lamentations

A

=those exiled by Babylonians

=relevant to readers of every time

45
Q

Lamentations genre/form

A

lament; elegy

46
Q

elegy

A

poem written on occasion of death of famous person or someone known personally to poet

47
Q

5 chapters of of Lamentations

A

4 acrostic, 1 not ; chapter 3 is triple acrostic

48
Q

purpose of acrostic form

A

=signify completeness

=impose order on grief to try and master it

49
Q

reason for Lamentations 5 being non acrostic

A

Israel’s incomplete restoration

50
Q

how is Lamentations like Job

A

raises a cry for mercy w/in circumstance of grief

51
Q

how is Lamentations different from Job

A

suffering as deserved result from sin

52
Q

Outline of Lamentations

A 
=Jerusalem in desolation
=Divine judgment against Jerusalem
=From sorrow to hope
=desolation brought by Judah's sin
=cry for mercy
53
Q

Themes of Lamentations

A

=God as a warrior against sinful pple

=hope in the midst of judgment

54
Q

Hosea

A

~pre exilic prophet to Northern Kingdom prior to its overthrow by Assyrians
~”Yahweh Saves “

55
Q

Hosea the Book

A

~Beginning: marries adulterous Gomer, reflects Israel’s relationship w/ God
~Ending: call for wisdom and understanding of his words

56
Q

Hosea’s kids

A

~Jezreel - (m)God will sow
~Lo-Ruhamah - (f)No Mercy
~Lo-Ammi - (m)Not My Pple

57
Q

Outline of Hosea

A

~Hosea marries and returns to adulterous wife (1-3)
~Israel and Judah’s present sin (4:1-9:9)
~Israel and Judah’s past sin (9:10-14:9)

58
Q

Hosea key theme

A

Spiritual adultery : idolatry paralleled w/ adultery

59
Q

Hosea

A

~pre exilic prophet to Northern Kingdom prior to its overthrow by Assyrians
~”Yahweh Saves “

60
Q

Hosea the Book

A

~Beginning: marries adulterous Gomer, reflects Israel’s relationship w/ God
~Ending: call for wisdom and understanding of his words

61
Q

Hosea’s kids

A

~Jezreel - (m)God will sow
~Lo-Ruhamah - (f)No Mercy
~Lo-Ammi - (m)Not My Pple

62
Q

Outline of Hosea

A

~Hosea marries and returns to adulterous wife (1-3)
~Israel and Judah’s present sin (4:1-9:9)
~Israel and Judah’s past sin (9:10-14:9)

63
Q

Hosea key theme

A

Spiritual adultery : idolatry paralleled w/ adultery

64
Q

Hosea: Anticipation of the Gospel

A

~marriage metaphor applies to Christ and Church

~echo of Davidic Covenant (3:4-5)

65
Q

Anticipation of the Gospel

A

~marriage metaphor applies to Christ and Church

~echo of Davidic Covenant (3:4-5)

Old Testament (4 decks)

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