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Pathology 1 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Malignant tumors = cancer

A

Mesenchyme = -sarcoma
•Spindle shape

Epi= -carcinoma
•round cell shape

Anaplastic = un d/dt

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2
Q

> 1germ layer neoplasm

A

Teratoma

~ovary & testes

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3
Q

Benign tumors

A

“-oma”

Fibroma
Osteoma
Chondroma

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4
Q

Normal tissue at ECTOPIC site

A

Choristoma

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5
Q

Disorg mature mesen/epi tissue at NORMAL site

A

Hamartoma

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6
Q

Cancer grade

A 
Rated by d/dt extent of tumor cells
Low grade(1)-(2)-(3)-high grade(4) mali
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7
Q

Cancer stage

A

Based of 1• tumor size &extent [0-2]

TNM sys:
T0,T1=only 1• site,T2=inv adj tissue
N0,N1=regional LN, N2=distant LN
M0, M1=in 1• organ site, M2=dist meta

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8
Q

Subpop of tumor cells that ALLOWS a tumor to maintain 🔁 renewal

A

T-ICs

Slow dividing cancer stem cells

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9
Q

Lymphatic spread Metastasis

A

Carcinomas

Epi➡️LN +/- destroyed by imm sys

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10
Q

Hematogebous spread metastasis

A

Sarcomas
Mesen➡️embolism VENOUS Sys

Lungs/liver/kidneys trap

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11
Q

Diffuse implant neoplastic cells on serosal surface

A

Carcinomatosis

~pancreas/ovarian transceolmic

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12
Q

4 gene targets

A

OTAD

Proto-oncogenes: ✳️prolif& d/dt
Tumor suppressor genes: regu growth
Apoptosis regulator genes
DNA Repair genes: stability

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13
Q

Carcinogenesis 7 physio

A

AiADRA(iM)

Autocrine G sig
Insensitivity to inhib sig
⛔️apoptosis
⛔️DNA repair (2 copies)
🔁 replication potential
Angiogenesis
Invade&metastasis
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14
Q

Warburg effect

A

Tumor cell glu metabolism shift to
Aerobic glycolysis

Use PET img 18F-labelled glu trace

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15
Q

Gatekeeper genes

Caretaker genes

A

Gate: oncogenes + tumor sup genes
Care: DNA Repair genes

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16
Q

Clos. Botulinum

A

⛔️NMJ synapse (AchR)

Flaccid paralysis

⛔️x-BBB

17
Q

Clos tetani

A

✳️x-BBB ➡️⛔️rel of inhib NT vesicles from interneurons

Spastic paralysis

18
Q

Ag drift

A

Pt mut in bp

19
Q

Ag shift

A

LARGE 🔺bp seq➡️

  1. reassortment seg RNA genome
  2. recomb DNA Virus strands
20
Q

BVDV : pestivirus

A

Env RNA

CP: kills & co-infx BRDC
NCP: x-placenta ➡️PI (subclinical)

21
Q

IBR (bo Herpes)

“Red nose” 🐮

A

Env DNA➡️ RT epi & retrograde axonal transport DRG

Latency

22
Q

FeLV

A

Retrovirus RNA

A: recomb mutant immunosup: saliva
B: neoplasm
C: anemia
T: immdef syn ⛔️T-cell

23
Q

Labile cell pop

A

🔁 dividing cells

Epi, mucosa, gland ducts, bone marro

24
Q

Quiescent cells

A

Low level dividing when needed

Liver kidney pancreas
Fibroblast, sm M, endothelia

Pathology 1 (3 decks)

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