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MLT 240 Micro > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

what organisms are asexual?

A

arthrospores
blastospores
chlamydospores

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2
Q

what organisms are sexual?

A

ascospore
basididspores
zygospores

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3
Q

thick walled broad based yeast

A

blastomyces

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4
Q

spherules filled with endospores

A

coccidiodes

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5
Q

thick walled barrel shaped arthrospore

A

coccidiodes

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6
Q

spiny tubercuate macroconidia

A

histoplasma

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7
Q

brown sclerotic bodies

A

chromomycoses

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8
Q

this walled, spindle shaped macroconidia

A

microsporum

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9
Q

colony has a red reverse

A

trichophytom rubrum

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10
Q

thin walled club shaped macroconidia in clusters

A

epidermophyton

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11
Q

produces germ tube

A

candida albicans

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12
Q

causes epidemic ringworm

A

trichopyton tonsurans

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13
Q

broad non septate hypae in tissue

A

mucor or rhizopus

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14
Q

brown gritty deposits in sputum

A

aspergillis

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15
Q

multiple buds in tissue

A

paracoccidiodes

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16
Q

causes phycomycoses

A

mucor or rhizopus

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17
Q

what causes rocky mountain spotted fever and is transmitted through the tick?

A

rickettsia rickettsi

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18
Q

how do rickettsia differ from chlamydia?

A

rickettsia needs an arthropod vector

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19
Q

what diseases are caused by chlamydia and how are they spread?

A

psittacosis

inhalation from birds

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20
Q

which virus is caused by Bukitts lymphoma?

A

epstein barr

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21
Q

what virus is caused by IM?

A

epstein barr

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22
Q

which viruses has large red intranuclear inclusions?

A

cytomegalovirus

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23
Q

which viruse causes shingles?

A

varicella zoster

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24
Q

host in which sexual stage of life cycle occures as an adult

A

definitive host

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25
Q

host in which asexual stage of life cycle occurs in larval stage

A

intermediate host

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26
Q

animals other than man can be what kind of host?

A

resivoir host

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27
Q

what protozoan is sluggish with random motility?

A

entamoeba coli

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28
Q

what protozoan has fine even peripheral chromatin?

A

entamoeba histolytica

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29
Q

which protozoan is an oval cyst has large blot like karyosome?

A

endolimax nana

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30
Q

what protozoan has large glycogen vacuoles that stain deeply with iodine?

A

iodamoeba butschlii

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31
Q

which protozoan lacks the cyst stage?

A

dientamoeba fragilis, thrichomonas vaginalis, entameoba gingivalis

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32
Q

a protozoan whos troph is bilaterally symmetrical?

A

giardia lamblia

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33
Q

a pear shaped troph with jerky motility that is found in urine

A

trichomonas vaginalis

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34
Q

a cyst that is lemon shaped with “nipple” on end

A

chilomastix mesnili

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35
Q

how are most protozoan diseases trasmitted?

A

fecal oral

ingest the cyst

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36
Q

what morphological form of the the blood and tissue flagella is intracellular?

A

Ld body or Leshmanial forms

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37
Q

which LD body or leshmainal forms are found in this form in human cells?

A

all leishmania and trypanosoma cruzii

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38
Q

what is the vector and disease that trypanasoma gambiense causes?

A

west african sleeping sickness

tsetse fly

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39
Q

what is the vector and disease of leshmania donovani kala-azar?

A

LD bodies

sand flies

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40
Q

what is the vector and disease of leshmania braziliensis

A

espundia

sand flies

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41
Q

what is the vector and disease of leshmania tropican

A

oriental sore and baghdad delhi boid

sand flies

42
Q

what is the vecotor of chagas disease?

A

kissing bug

43
Q

describe the principle and interpretation of the Sabin-Feldman dye test

A

in a positive test toxoplasma will not take up the stain. In absence of the antibodies it will stain blue

44
Q

what disease causes irregular red cells?

A

ovale plasmodium

45
Q

what disease has 9 merazoites?

A

malariea

46
Q

what disease has split ring forms?

A

falcipirum

47
Q

what disease infects retics or younger cells?

A

vivax

48
Q

what is the intermediate host of all human flukes?

A

snails

49
Q

what fluke is the usual parasite of sheep and has an extremely large egg

A

fasciola hepatica

50
Q

what is the largest fluke found in man?

A

fasciolopsis buski

51
Q

what ova is often confused with diphyllobothrium latum?

A

paragonimus westermani

52
Q

fluke with an egg that has prominent shoulders and resembles a light bulb

A

clonorchis sinensu

53
Q

what is the “bladder fluke” associated with bladder cancer?

A

shistosoma hematobium

54
Q

an ova that can appear in the stool or sputum?

A

pragonimus westermani

55
Q

tape worm larvae with large bladder

A

hydatid cyst

56
Q

individual segments of a tape worm

A

proglottid

57
Q

narrowest part of the tapeworm

A

neck

58
Q

point of attachement in tape worm

A

scolex

59
Q

general term for entire tapeworm

A

strobila

60
Q

intermediate host and infective stage of diphyllobothrium latum

A

fresh water fish

plerocercoid (to man)

61
Q

intermediate host and infective stage of taenia saginata

A

cow

cysticerous

62
Q

intermediate host and infective stage of taenia solium

A

pig

cysticeicus

63
Q

infective stage of hymenolepis nana

A

fully embryonated egg

64
Q

infective stage of hymenolepis dumunata

A

cystercoid

65
Q

infective stage of echinococcus granulosus

A

egg

66
Q

how can taenia saginata and taenia solium be differentiated?

A

saginata has more branches but no hooks
solium has hooks and 7-14 branches
man can be infected by solium eggs and not saginata eggs

67
Q

which one is the “dwarf tapeworm”

A

hymenolepsis nana

68
Q

what is associated in nematodes with ejaculating duct necessary for reproduction?

A

spicules

69
Q

how does the life of nematodes differ from that of trematodes (in general)?

A

nematodes have a simple life cycle with 1 host and external environment. they alternate between free living and parasite.

70
Q

what is the infective stage of ascaris lumbricoides?

A

embyonated egg

71
Q

what is the infective stage and common name for enterobius vermicularis

A

embryonated egg

pinworm

72
Q

what is the infective stage of necator americanus?

A

filiform larvae

73
Q

what is the intermediate host and infective stage of trichinella spiralis?

A

pig

encysted larvae in muscle

74
Q

what is the infective stage of strongyloides stercoralis

A

filariform larvae

75
Q

what is the infective stage of trichuris trichiuria

A

embryonated egg

76
Q

how can rhabditiform larvae of hookworm and strongyloides be differentiated?

A

Rhab- long buccal cavity

Stong- short buccall cavity

77
Q

how are infections due to hookworm usually acquired?

A

penetration of the skin by filariform larvae

78
Q

in the life cycle of strongylodies what does the term autoinfection mean?

A

person infects themselves like hooworm Rhad.

79
Q

in the life cycle of stongyloides what does the term direct development mean?

A

directly develops into filariform

80
Q

in the life cycle of stongyloides what does the term indirect development refer to?

A

rhadbitiform develops into a free living adult

81
Q

what is visceral larval migrans and what is it caused by?

A

toxocara canis

82
Q

what is cutaneous larval migrans (or creeping eruption)

A

ancylostoma braziliense

83
Q

what species of protozoa or helminths cna be diagnosed by observation of a stained blood smear?

A

plasmodium
trypanosome
leishmania
microfilarial larvae

84
Q

what are the distinctive features of filarial worms?

A

prescence of nuclei helps to ID
learvae are born alive
some have sheath derived from egg shell
have periodicity

85
Q

how do wuchereria bancroftia and brugia malaya differ?

A

brugia has a much higher # of microfilaria in the blood stream
wuchereria is sheatherd and brugia is not

86
Q

if an ova and parasite exam can not be performed right away, what procedure should be followed?

A

perform quick macro and micro exam add preservitive and refrigerate within 30 mins

87
Q

what preservative is usually used for the trichrome stain

A

PVA

88
Q

what is the main use of a permanent stained smear?

A

to see protozoan cysts and trophs

89
Q

2 major concentration procedures and their principles

A

formalin ether- sedimentation

zinc sulfate-floatation

90
Q

what is the specific gravity of the solution employed in the floatation method?

A

1.18

91
Q

if neg results were obtained using the zinc sulfate method, what would be the best course to follow if the dr still felt the patient had a parasitic disease?

A

repeat using formalin ether

92
Q

what parasite often causes pneumonitis in children?

A

ascaris

93
Q

in which two parasitic infections is autoinfection most common?

A

pinworms and strongyloides

94
Q

species of parasite that can be transmitted through drinking water?

A

e. histolytical, schistosomes (hookworms)

95
Q

what are some environmental or climatic factors are important in the spread and or prevention of parasitic infections?

A 
temp
sand
soil
controlling insect population
water filtration
96
Q

bilhariaisis

A

all schistosomes

97
Q

black water fever

A

plasmodium falcipirum

98
Q

guinea worm

A

dracunculus medinensis

99
Q

thread worm

A

strongyloides stercoralis

100
Q

eye worm

A

loa loa

101
Q

whip worm

A

trichuris trichiura

MLT 240 Micro (3 decks)

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