Exam 1

Question 1

Are fungi classified as eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 1

eukaryotic

Question 2

what is the structural element that comprises a fungus?

Answer 2

hypehae

Question 3

which class of fungi has non-septate mycelium?

Answer 3

zygomycetes/phycomyctes

Question 4

why are certai fungi classified as “fungi imperfecti”?

Answer 4

fungi that did not exhibt sexual reproduction.

Question 5

mycelia that anchors fungus to substrate(grows below) produce digestive enzymes.

Answer 5

vegetative mycelia

Question 6

mycelia that project above the surface and have spores

Answer 6

reproductive mycelia

Question 7

to which class do most pathogenic fungi belong to?

Answer 7

saprophytic/saprotropic

Question 8

are fungi aeroic or anaerobic?

Answer 8

aerobic

Question 9

what is the best single medium for the primary isolation of fungi?

Answer 9

sabourauds dextrose agar

SAB/Sabs C

Question 10

what is the purpose of corn meal agar?

Answer 10

nutritionally deprives the organism

Question 11

how long should routine fungal cultures be held before being dicarded?

Answer 11

4 weeks

Question 12

what 3 things does the mounting medium lactophenol cotton blue do?

Answer 12

• preserve fungal structures
• reduce contamination
• stain the hyaline

Question 13

when a systemicc mycosis has spread to various organs, what term is used to decribe it?

Answer 13

disseminated

Question 14

what organism is best described as a thick-walled yeast cell with buds attached by a broad base?

Answer 14

blastomyces deratiditids

Question 15

which systemic fungus is always a yeast?

Answer 15

crytococcus

Question 16

how is histoplamosis aquired?

Answer 16

inhilation of spores

Question 17

5 species of dipahsic fungi

Answer 17

• blastomyces
• histoplasma
• paracoccidiodes
• coccidoides
• sporatrichosis

Question 18

which systemic fungus produces thick-walled yeast cells with multiple buds in tissue?

Answer 18

paracoccidiodes braziliensis

Question 19

which fungus can be observed as a non budding thick-walled sperule containing endospores in a direct smear from the body?

Answer 19

coccidiodes imitis

Question 20

produces spiny, tuberculate macroconidia, intracellular, yeast-like cells with a large vaculoe in the cells for RE system?

Answer 20

histoplasma capsulatum

Question 21

cryptococcosis is usually seen as a diease of which body system?

Answer 21

pulmonary

Question 22

which systemic fungus is the most fastidious (difficult to grow) in the lab?

Answer 22

histoplasma capsulatum

Question 23

which systemic fungus causes San Jacuain Valley Fever?

Answer 23

coccidiodes

Question 24

which systemic fungus causes South American blastomycoses?

Answer 24

paracoccidiodes braziliensis

Question 25

which stain is the best to use to demonstrate cryptococcus neoformans in CSF?

Answer 25

indian ink

Question 26

systemic fungus endemic in Piedmont NC which produces primary pulmonary infection or primary skin infection

Answer 26

blastomyces

Question 27

fungus that produces chains of arthrospores, confused with Geotrichum candidum?

Answer 27

coccidiodes imitis

Question 28

macroscopic appearance of Sporothirix Scheneckii at 37 degrees

Answer 28

creamy, yeast colony

Question 29

which species are dematiaceous fungi

Answer 29

philophora, fonseccaea, cladosporium

Question 30

which species are not dematiaceous fungi

Answer 30

aspergillis penicillium candida

Question 31

which subcutaneous infection produces yeast-like brown cells in clusters in the body?

Answer 31

chromomycosis

Question 32

what is the most common cause of maduromycosis?

Answer 32

madura foot

Question 33

what color are the granules that are frequently found in the pus of madura foot?

Answer 33

yellow to whitish

Question 34

tear shaped conidia rossettes at 25 degrees yeast cells at 37 degrees disease common amoung gardeners "rose fever"

Answer 34

sporothrix schneckeii

Question 35

species responsible for chromomcycosis

Answer 35

* cladosporium * phialophora * fonsecaea

Question 36

which organisms can cause mycetomas (fungal tumors)

Answer 36

* actinomyces madurella | * petriellidieum

Question 37

produces brown, branching septate hyphae

Answer 37

dematiatceous fungus

Question 38

organisms that invade the keratinized areas of the body

Answer 38

dermatophytes

Question 39

divice used as an aid to select hairs infected with ringworm

Answer 39

flourescent light

Question 40

hair infection characterized by empty areas or tunnels where the hypae have degenerated visible throughout the entie length of the hair?

Answer 40

favic

Question 41

best fungal media to culture the dermatophytes

Answer 41

Sabs C and mycosel

Question 42

what 3 genera of fungi all cause ringworm of the skin

Answer 42

* microsporum * trichophyton * epidermophyton

Question 43

velvety white on the front and mahogany on the reverse

Answer 43

micropsorum audoinii

Question 44

most common cause of ringworm in dogs and cats canary yellow spindle shaped macroconidia

Answer 44

microsporum canis

Question 45

fungus most frequently isolate from human ringworm with | deep red reverse pigmentation

Answer 45

trichphyton rubrum

Question 46

stuctures frequently observed in trichophyton cultures

Answer 46

* spirled/coiled hypae * nodular bodies * racket hyphae

Question 47

which dermatophyte does not infect nails

Answer 47

microsporum audouinii

Question 48

most common cause of epidemic scalp ringwormin American school children?

Answer 48

trichophyton tonsurans

Question 49

what fungus causes tinea versicolor?

Answer 49

pityrosporon furfur

Question 50

what fungus is the most common causative agent of tinea cruris?

Answer 50

epidemophyton

Question 51

what term is used to refer to ringworm of the skin?

Answer 51

tinea corporis

Question 52

what dermatphyte gives a positive in vitro hair test?

Answer 52

tirchophyton mentagrophytes

Question 53

which dermatophyte produces sterile, antler like hyphae referred to as favic chandiers and causes a severe type of ringworm of the scalp called favus?

Answer 53

trichophyton schoenlienii

Question 54

which dermatophyte does not invade hair and produces oval, smooth-walled club shaped macroconidia and no microconidia?

Answer 54

epidermophyton floccosum

Question 55

which dermatophyte is the most common cause of ringworm of cattle and requires both inositol and thiamine to grow

Answer 55

trichophyton verrucosum

Question 56

how is candida albicans identified

Answer 56

germ tube and chlamydospore agar

Question 57

most common and troublesome lab contaminant

Answer 57

aspergillis

Question 58

if an autopsy revealed systemic infection by fungus with broad branching non spetate hyphae which species of fungus could be a likely cause of death?

Answer 58

mucor/rhizopus

Question 59

which fungus commonly produces oval budding cells with pseudohyphae and will produce chlamydospores on cornmeal agar?

Answer 59

candida albicans

Question 60

brown gritty deposits in a sputum specimen are indicative of what genus?

Answer 60

aspergillus

Question 61

what clinical conditions can be caused by candida albicans?

Answer 61

oral infection, yeast infection (not ringworm)

Question 62

which species of opportunisticc fungi can be causative agents of eye infection?

Answer 62

curvularia altenaria fusarium

Question 63

which fungus is most frequently isolated in the clinical laboratory?

Answer 63

candida albicans

Question 64

which species of Rickettsia causes epidemic typhus?

Answer 64

prowazekii

Question 65

scrub typhus

Answer 65

tsutsugamuschi

Question 66

Q fever?

Answer 66

cosiella burnetti

Question 67

RMSF?

Answer 67

rikettsi

Question 68

Rickettsial pox?

Answer 68

akari

Question 69

how do rickettsia and chlamydia differ?

Answer 69

rickettsia require arthropod vectors and chlaydia do not

Question 70

what clinical conditions can be caused by chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 70

most common cause of blindness inclusion conjunctivitis

Question 71

how is psittacosis spread to humans?

Answer 71

aersol inhalation

Question 72

how are rickettsial infections diagnosed in the lab

Answer 72

cell culture

Question 73

what causes the rash that is frequetly observed in rickettsial infections

Answer 73

invasion of endothelial cells of blood vessels

Question 74

what are the characteristics of viruses?

Answer 74

* have DNA or RNA (not both) * do not respond to antibiotics * obligate intracellular parasite

Question 75

what term is used to refer to the viral nucleic acid core together with its protein coat

Answer 75

nuleocapsid

Question 76

what is the order of events in the process of viral infections?

Answer 76

* absorption * penetration(viropexis) * replicate * assemble * release

Question 77

what is interferon?

Answer 77

prevents virus replication

Question 78

what virus produces an acute respiratory infection and is commonly found in increased incidence in military camps

Answer 78

adenovirus

Question 79

what virus is the causative agent of the common cold

Answer 79

rhinovirus

Question 80

which type of virus is referred to as "virus in search of a disease"?

Answer 80

Echo enteric

Question 81

Negri bodies are characteristic of which virus

Answer 81

rhabdovirus

Question 82

which virus causes chicke pox

Answer 82

varicella zoster

Question 83

with what clinical conditions is Epstein-Barr virus associted

Answer 83

burkitts lymphoma | infection mono

Question 84

which virus produces large, red intranuclear inclusions

Answer 84

CMV

Question 85

how is hep-A transmitted

Answer 85

fecal-oral

Question 86

Herpes-Zoster occurs in patients who have a history of what other viral infection

Answer 86

chicken pox

Question 87

what are the charateristics of Hep-B

Answer 87

* transmitted by blood | * drug addicts

Question 88

how many serio types of polio are there?

Answer 88

3

Question 89

which vaccines have been developed against polio

Answer 89

salk vaccine, sabin vaccine

Question 90

which virus has been associated with cancer of the cervix and causes genital lesions in humans

Answer 90

HSV herpes simplex 2

Question 91

The _______ test is a serological test used in the identification of Rickettsia that employs 3 antigens of the bacteria ______ that cross-react with rickettsial antigens.

Answer 91

Weil-Felix | Proteus vulgaris

Question 92

which virus is associated with severe congenital abnormalities in the fetus if the mother becomes infected during her first trimester

Answer 92

rubella (german measles)

Question 93

causes upper respirator tract infection in infants and young childen

Answer 93

RSV

Question 94

what group of viruses does HIV belong to

Answer 94

retroviruses

Question 95

viruses capable of converting RNA to DNA

Answer 95

reverse transpcriptase

Question 96

2 disease processes that are common in HIV patients

Answer 96

CMV | PCP pneumonia

Question 97

vector of rickettsia riketsii

Answer 97

tick

Question 98

vector of rickettsia ackari

Answer 98

mite

Question 99

vector of rickettsia proweszki

Answer 99

body lice

Question 100

vector of rickettsia tsutsugamushi

Answer 100

scrub typhis/larval mite

Question 101

vector of rickettsia typhi

Answer 101

rat flea