Final exam

Question 1

bacterial capsules are associated with what property?

Answer 1

viralence

Question 2

what phase of the bacterial growth curve is best for biochemical testing?

Answer 2

log phase

Question 3

what type of environment is provided by a candle jar?

Answer 3

microaerophilic

Question 4

what is the purpose of the Alberts stain?

Answer 4

used to stain metachromatic granules of corynebacterium

also to identify diptheria

Question 5

example of differential media

Answer 5

Mac

Question 6

example of enriched media

Answer 6

SBA

Question 7

example of selective media

Answer 7

Thayer-Martin and CNA

Question 8

what are the standard conditions for the autoclave?

Answer 8

15 lbs psi and 121 degrees for 15 mins

Question 9

what is the most abundant organism found in the human intestinal tract

Answer 9

bacteroides

Question 10

what is the most important single test that differentiates staph aureus from non-pathogenic staph?

Answer 10

coagulase

Question 11

alpha strep viridans are the most important cause of what serious illness?

Answer 11

SBE sub acute bacterial endocarditis

Question 12

what is the only signficant pathogen in a throat culture?

Answer 12

Group A strep

Question 13

Enterococcus(BEA + and 6.5% NaCl+) belongs to which Lancefield group?

Answer 13

group D

Question 14

foul smelling pus from an abscess which yields gram positive cocci in chains on gram stain would be indicative of what organism?

Answer 14

anaerobic strep

Question 15

How do you identify Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Answer 15

Dextrose + only
Oxidase +
Coffee bean shaped diplococci

Question 16

What are the identifying characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 16

Dextrose and maltose +

Question 17

what 3 antibiotics are added to Thayer-Martin to make it a selective medium for pathogenic Neisseria?

Answer 17

vanconium, colistin and nystatin

Question 18

What are the general characteristics of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

Answer 18

glucose fermentors
oxidase =
nitrate +
flagella are peritrichous

Question 19

+ test for citrate

Answer 19

blue-green growth

Question 20

+ test for indole

Answer 20

red after kovaks

Question 21

+ test for H2S

Answer 21

black in the tube

Question 22

+ test for phenylalanine

Answer 22

blue-green

Question 23

+ test for VP

Answer 23

red

Question 24

what are the reagents used for the indole test?

Answer 24

kovaks

Question 25

what are the reagents used for the nitrate test?

Answer 25

sulfanilic acid and alpha-naphylamine

Question 26

what are the reagents used for the phenylalanine test?

Answer 26

ferric chloride

Question 27

what are the reagents used for the VP test?

Answer 27

potassium hydroxide and alphanatfal

Question 28

what are the characteristics of E. coli?

Answer 28

``` lactose fermentor indole + lysine + ornathine + urea = citrate = a/a tsi ```

Question 29

what is the best means to differentiate the genus enterobacter from the genus Klebsiella?

Answer 29

motility | kleb =

Question 30

Which genera are urea positive?

Answer 30

klebsiella and proteus

Question 31

LDC differentiates what organism for non-pathogenic H2S producers, such as citrobacter and proteus

Answer 31

salmonella

Question 32

what is the causative agent of hemorrhagic colitis and hemoltic uremic syndrome due to its production of Vertoxin (also known as Shiga-like toxin)?

Answer 32

ecoli 0157

Question 33

What are the characteristics of Serratia marcesens?

Answer 33

pigmented, found in soil and resistant to antibiotics

Question 34

what test differentiates proteus mirabilis from proteus vulgaris(both of which can swarm on SBA or chocolate agar)?

Answer 34

indole | vulgaris +

Question 35

which genera are phenylalanine positive?

Answer 35

morganella, proteus, providencia

Question 36

which organisms causes an infection of the mesentery suggestive of acute appendicitis?

Answer 36

yersinia sudotuberculosi

Question 37

K/A with gas and H2S in TSI is suggestive of what intestinal pathogen?

Answer 37

salmonella

Question 38

What non-pathogenic organism is biochemically so similar to Shigella that isolates that are biochemically identified as Shigella must be typed?

Answer 38

alkalescens dispar

Question 39

what is the difference between a food poisoning and a food infection?

Answer 39

food poisoning is an toxin already there syptoms present in 3-4 hours. food infection organism needs time to grow.

Question 40

what organism could be described as an oxidase positive glucose-fermenting rod commonly found in water and soil?

Answer 40

aeromonas hydropholous

Question 41

a gram negative coccobacillus isolated from a cat bite is most likely to be what?

Answer 41

pasteurella multocidia

Question 42

a salt-loving organism responsible for gastroenteritis due to contaminated sea food is most likely to be what?

Answer 42

vibrio perahemaliticous

Question 43

what media is used to differentiate between oxidation and fermentation?

Answer 43

hugh and leifson (green semi-solid)

Question 44

A gram - coccobacillus isolated from a patient with endocarditis that is oxidase +, catalase -, indole +, non-motile and wealky fermentative would most likely be what?

Answer 44

cardiabacterium

Question 45

what are 3 most commonly isolate non-fermative bacteria?

Answer 45

pseudamonous, acinetobacter, stenotrophomonas

Question 46

a non-fermentor with a blue-green pigment and a grape-like odor is what?

Answer 46

pseudamonous

Question 47

a non-fermentor that is a strong maltose oxidizer and a weak glucose oxidizer is what?

Answer 47

stenatrophamonas maltaphilia

Question 48

the causative agent of glanders is what?

Answer 48

burholderia mallei (psuedamonas)

Question 49

gram negative, oxidase negative coccobacilus

Answer 49

aceinobacter

Question 50

what genus of bacteria can be confused with Neisseria?

Answer 50

morexella (oxidase +, gram = rods)

Question 51

a yellow pigmented, oxidase +, gram neg rod that causes meningitis?

Answer 51

flavobacterium meningisepticum

Question 52

when is the best time to try to isolate Brucella from the blood stream?

Answer 52

first 3 weeks

Question 53

Listerai and Corynebacterium are best differentiated by what test?

Answer 53

motility (listeria umbrella)

Question 54

what organism is described as gram +, aerobic, partially acid-fast rod and usually appears on gram stain as branching rods?

Answer 54

neccardi

Question 55

What is the least acceptable specimen for anaerobic cutlures?

Answer 55

routine sterile swab

Question 56

the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) associated with over-treatment with antibiotics

Answer 56

clostridium difficile

Question 57

what anaerobic organism usually produces a black colony on laked blood agar?

Answer 57

prevotella melanlnogeicia

Question 58

gram neg pleomorphic rods, spore forming and strict anaerobes are?

Answer 58

fusobacterium

Question 59

gram + branching rod siolate from "sulfur granules" obtained from a patients jaw

Answer 59

actinomyces

Question 60

lactobacillus is most frequently ioslated from vaginal swabs or?

Answer 60

urine from adult females

Question 61

what anaerobic organism is a normal inhabitant of the skin most frequently isolated from 5-7 day old blood culutres where it is a containment?

Answer 61

prppionibacterium acnes

Question 62

acid-fast bacilli are usually catalase?

Answer 62

+

Question 63

acid-fast bacillus producing a buff colored, dry heaped up colony that is niacin and nitrate positive is most likely to be what?

Answer 63

microbacterium TB

Question 64

Which species of organism causes a form of rat bite fever aka Haverhill fever and produces L-forms?

Answer 64

streptobacillius moniliformis

Question 65

sputum culture which reveals large numbers of WBC's on gram stain but NO organisms?

Answer 65

legionella pnmophilia

Question 66

what respiratory pathogen is associated with pneumonia,, increased cold agglutinin titre, and strep MG?

Answer 66

micaplasma pneumonia

Question 67

the results of Kirby-Bauer susceptibility tests are reported as what?

Answer 67

sensitive, intermediate, resistant

Question 68

smallest concentration of a drug that completely inhibits growth.

Answer 68

minimum inhibitory concentration

Question 69

for which diseases are blood cultures the best means of identification?

Answer 69

sepsis subacute bacterial endocarditis typhoid fever

Question 70

added to a blood culture, acts as an anitcoagulant, inactivates the aminoglycosides, and will neutralize the bacterial effect of human serum.

Answer 70

SPS | sodium polyanithol sulfinate

Question 71

What serological type of Hemophilus influenza is most pathogenic?

Answer 71

hemophilus type B

Question 72

what organism is enhanced by cold temperatures?

Answer 72

listeria

Question 73

the toxicity test for corynebacterium diptheriae is called what?

Answer 73

ellek test

Question 74

what is the test used to identify the alpha toxin of clostridium?

Answer 74

nagler

Question 75

what agar is used in Kirby-Bauer sensitivity testing?

Answer 75

Mueller-Hinton agar

Question 76

medium that isolates AFB

Answer 76

L-J

Question 77

medium that isolates anaerobes

Answer 77

SBA

Question 78

medium that isolates Legionella

Answer 78

CYE

Question 79

what is a castaneda bottle?

Answer 79

blood culture bottle used to isolate Brucella

Question 80

the bacterial infection which is characterized by Donovan bodies is caused by what organism?

Answer 80

calymmatobacterium granulomatis

Question 81

commonly used for conctrating sputums for AFB culture because if decontaminates the sputum is a mucolytic agent and it does not damage the AFB?

Answer 81

N-acetyl-Lcysteine (NALC)

Question 82

Nonphotochromogens

Answer 82

unpigmented

Question 83

photochrmogens

Answer 83

unpigmented in dark, but pigmented in light

Question 84

rapid growers

Answer 84

colonies appear in 3-5 days

Question 85

scotochromogens

Answer 85

pigmented in the dark

Question 86

Group 1 runyon

Answer 86

microbacterium marium | microbacterium kansaii

Question 87

Group 2 runyon

Answer 87

microbaterium szulgai

Question 88

Group 3 runyon

Answer 88

microbacterium tiberculiosous

Question 89

Group 4 runyon

Answer 89

microbacterium fortuitum

Question 90

compete with folic acid, are broad spectrum and can be toxic to the kidney?

Answer 90

sulfonamides

Question 91

interferes with the cell wall synthesis, affects mainly gram positive organisms, and may produce allergies

Answer 91

penicillian