final exam Flashcards
what3 events/components contribute to sound production?
biological component, cognitive-lingustic component, and sensorimotor-acoustic component
the biologica component of sound production includes
basic structures and the nervous system.
within the biological component of sound production, the basic structures include the
vocal tract and articulators
the cognitive-linguisti component includes
the speakers concieves something to say
and linguistic processing
linguistic processing encompasses
semantic elements are selected, words arranged in prpoper syntactic order, utterance delivered using the phonological rules of language
the sensorimotor-acoustic component includes
motor programming and motor learning aka sequence movements
in the assessment of the articulatory process the diagnostician must be
prepared to assess and treat nay or all aspects of the process
articulation disorders can be
motor based or cognitively or linguistically based
motor based articulation disorders are
the ability to produce sound
cognitively or linguistically based articulatory disorders are
when the individual can produce a sound but does not use the sound appropriately
differentiating between motor based and cognitively or linguistically based artic disorders is easy (t/f)
false its not easy.
categorizing misarticulations include
substitution, ommissions, distortion and additions.
substitution misarticulations are
substituting one sound for another example thoup for soup
omissions misarticulations are for example
kool for school
a nonstandard profuction of a sound is an example of this kind of misarticulation:
distortions.
puhlease for please misarticulations that need additional details in reports are
addition
phonological disorder vs articulation disorder diff is
phono= cases that involve multiple phoneme errors.
artic= cases that misarticulate only one or two sounds
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of
the anatomy and physiology of speech mechanisms
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of phonetics which is
production of consonants ad vowels
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of phonological
development
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of factors related to…
artic disorders–etiology in parent interview.
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders includes knowledge of _____ variation
dialectical
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of coarticulation which is
sounds are influenced by other phonemes that surround them
knowledge areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological disorders include knowledge of linguistic-articulatory connection or
phonology, synt, seman, pragmas
which is not one of the 7 important areas for evaluation of articulation and phonological
1. Knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the speech mechanism
2. Knowledge of laryngeal area
3. Knowledge of phonetics- production of consonants and vowels
4. Knowledge of phonological development (pg. 168 and 170)
5. Knowledge of factors related to articulation disorders- etiology in parent
interview
6. Knowledge of dialectal variation
7. Knowledge of coarticulation- sounds are influenced by other phonemes
that surround them
8. Knowledge of linguistic- articulatory connection- phonology, syntax,
semantics, pragmatics.
2 all others are included
overview of ariculatotion/phonology assessment includes evaluating biological and linguistic foundations for communication which is
auiological, OME, language evaluation
overview of ariculatotion/phonology assessment includes obtaining background info which includes
the interview, case history, reports from other professionals
overview of ariculatotion/phonology assessment includes perform standardized testing which includes
traditional articulation tests, phonemic inventories
overview of ariculatotion/phonology assessment includes perform non-standardized testing which includes
stimulability, language sample
overview of ariculatotion/phonology assessment includes evaluate relevant environments whic hincludes
curriculum based assessment to determine if phonological disorder impacts social, academic, literacy, etc.
the overview of articulation/phonolgy assessment process is
- Evaluate biological and linguistic foundations for communication
- Obtain background info
- Perform standardized testing
- Perform non-standardized testing
5.______________________
- Evaluate relevant environments
the overview of articulation/phonolgy assessment process is
- Evaluate biological and linguistic foundations for communication
- Obtain background info
- _______________________________
- Perform non-standardized testing
- Evaluate relevant environments
- Perform standardized testing
the overview of articulation/phonolgy assessment process is
- Evaluate biological and linguistic foundations for communication
- Obtain background info
- Perform standardized testing
- __________________________
- Evaluate relevant environments
- Perform non-standardized testing
the overview of articulation/phonolgy assessment process is
- Evaluate biological and linguistic foundations for communication
- ____________________
- Perform standardized testing
- Perform non-standardized testing
- Evaluate relevant environments
- Obtain background info
the overview of articulation/phonolgy assessment process is
1.___________________
2. Obtain background info
3. Perform standardized testing
4. Perform non-standardized testing
5. Evaluate relevant environments
- Evaluate biological and linguistic foundations for communication
TRUE OR FALSE in traditional assessment procedures each english phoneme must be evaluated in the initial medial and final positions of words, this can be elicited from clients using pictures and wordlists not sentences or conversations
fals. it does use sentences and conversations.
in traditional assessment procedures you do these three things
evaluate english phonemes in all positions
phonetic inventory
stimuability testing
in tradition assessment procedures the phonetic inventory is
obtain to compare to normative data
in traditional assessment procedures stimuability testing is
evaluates the impact the examiner’s model has on the client’s production.
if after traditional testing, a client is found not to be stimuable then procedures need to be initiated to determine if
a facilitating phonetic context can be found
if after traditional testing the client is not stimuable then the procedures that determin if a facilitating phonetic context can be found in
coarticulation and sound in context sentences
to evaluate phonetic contexxt effects you analysis coarticulation is
used with the concept that certain phonetic environments can produce correct production of sounds.
to evaluate phonetic context effects sounds in context sentences…
can be imitated by children and read aloud by adults. Ex: “the dress has a black spot” to evaluate the /k/ and /s/ sounds
important sounds of information about phonologically disordered clients is
the phonetic inventory
to gather a phoonetic inventory
first gather a sample, and then perform inventory of the client’s sound system.
in summary the phonetic and phonemic inventories are
a summary of the sounds the client has produced either correctly or incorrectly.
distinctive features
place, manner, voicing
distinctive feature analysis provides
a model for understanding errors, and a basis for a selection of target sounds in therapy.
the most basic unit that speech can reduced to
distinctive feature (analysis)
phonemes are made up of bundles of distinctive features that _______
combine to form a variety of different vowels and consonants.
distinctive feature analysis specifies characteristics oh
phonemes according to presence or absnces.
advantages of distinctive feature analysis
model for understanding errors in many clients
may provide one guage of the severity of the specific sound
provides basis for the selection of a target sound for therapy
basis for more efficient therapy by facilitating generalization
true or false, the clinician should think about features at some point during the analysis of a child with multiple articulation errors
true
true or false clinicians should not use clinical judgement to deterine whether or not all features are present or if error patterns reflect consistent repeated misuse of specific features.
false they should use clinical judgement
two ways to gain insign into phonological processes
use an instrument to target phonological processes in children
collect, transcrive and attempt to discern a pattern of errors in a spontaneous speech sample.
misarticulations analysis is
there’s a structure to every child’s sound system
some parts of the misarticulations analysis of phonological analysis is that children tend to
simplify word productions in comparison to adults.
some parts of the misarticulations analysis of phonological analysis is if a child retains these strategies for long enough
their speech may become inintelligible.
phonological sampling must include
word shapes (CVC, CCV, CVCV, and a variety of phonemes as feature analusis.
the interaction between phonology and the lexicon the recent aproach is now
word oriented vs segmented oriented
the interaction between phonology and the lexicon phonology is learned via
explicit/implicit learning.
the interaction between phonology and the lexicon compexity…..
increases as they learn language.
6 phonological rules
- glossing and segmentation.
- hypothesizign a natural process
- finding support for hypothesized rule.
- specification of frequency occurence.
- writing the rule
- recycling of 1-4.
5 other examples of attesting are
langauge asessment
audiometric screening
oral motor exam
auditory discrimination
and phonological awareness.
