Final Exam Flashcards
What is an example of a true endotherm?
emperor penguin
Why are there no rat-sized marine mammals?
they would lose too much heat due to a high surface area to volume ratio
general sea bird facts:
- homeothermic
- exhibit a range of sizes and beak shapes
- strictly carnivores
- live in warm and cold water climates
penguin and puffins shared characteristic
excellent swimmers
Most mammals have ________ as a characteristic reproductive trait, meaning they give birth to live young
viviparity
Which is the closest living relative of a penguin?
- sea snake
- sea otter
- manatee
- coelacanth
sea snake
Frigatebirds are very acrobatic flyers, and exhibit kleptoparasitism, which is:
to steal food and nesting materials from other birds
All of the following are adaptations sea otters have to maintain body heat, EXCEPT
- thick coat of fur
- elevated metabolic rate
- basking behavior
- blubber
blubber
distinguishing features for seals and sea lions
sea lions have visible external ear flaps
function of baleen
used to strain the water and remove food from it
What group of mammals has evolved a unique sensory ability and cephalic organs for locating prey underwater?
toothed whales
general statements about pinnipeds:
- in many species of seals and sea lions, adult males get significantly larger than females
- all pinnipeds are carnivorous
- many species are polygynous
average temperature of the water in the deep sea
2 degrees Celsius
What group of organisms has a symbiotic relationship with microbes that allows it to function without a digestive system?
riftia tube worm
Where does the oxygen dissolved in deep-sea waters come from primarily?
It is generated in the photic zone, then sinks and diffuses.
feeding type most common in abyssal plains
deposit feeder
What species of pinniped is the most common on the Oregon coast?
pacific harbor seal
What is the function of the melon in odontocetes?
It focuses and modulates the animal’s vocalization to better aim and receive signals during echolocation.
chemosynthesis
Hydrogen sulfide is produced near vents because of the extremely high temperatures; specialized bacteria are able to use energy stored in hydrogen sulfide to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water.
Dr. Dawn Wright
chief scientist at ESRI and a world-renowned oceanographer who is an expert at using GIS technology for mapping the deep sea. OSU faculty.
Primary goal of the recent Challenger Deep dive
to use new technology to create high-resolution maps of the deepest spot in the oceans
What group of animals is not known to occur in the Arctic?
penguins
What is a unifying feature for all marine mammals that are truly residents of polar seas?
They rely on sea ice for hunting and/or breeding.
Some adaptations displayed by some Antarctic fishes to life in the cold sea:
- they lack hemoglobin in the blood making it thinner and easier to flow
- they produce specialized proteins that prevent ice crystal formation
- they obtain oxygen through the skin of the body
