Final Exam Flashcards
What are the FIVE types of the industry structure of swine?
1) Farrow to wean
2) Finisher pig Feeder
3) Farrow-to-finish Producer
4) Purebred Producer
5) Integrated Corporate Production
Purpose of the Swine Industry.
- Use surplus grain.
- Use high quality by-products.
- Produce meat.
- Add value to grain.
- Most efficient- converting food to muscle.
- Require high enegry feed.
Swine Breeds.
a) Lard Type
b) Bacon Type
c) Now: Meat Type-More muscular and much leaner.
Mother Breeds.
- Emphasized in females
- Yorkshire, Landrace, Chester White.
- White Pigs
Carcass Breeds.
- Used more on sire side.
- Hampshire.
All around breed of swine.
Duroc
Synthetic Breeds.
- Reduction in influence of previously important breeds.
- Heritage, Hypor, (swine genetics Company) and PIC.
Crossbreeding Programs.
- All market hogs in US
- What breeds, what order
- Maximizes heterosis
- Factors:
- Size of herd
- Availability of replacements (young females) can be bought of breed them yourself
What are the breeding program goals for Cattle?
- Milk Production
- 1 calf per year
- Healthy
- Mobility/hoof care.
- Handling
- Longevity
- Want an older age average- not younger because get more when older.
- Lactation is about 305 days (3 months longer than beef cattle.)
Cattle Breeds:
- Holstein
- Jerseys
- Ayrshire
- Guernsey
- Brown Swiss
Purpose of Horse Industry.
- Contribute quality to lives.
- Competition
- Leisure
- Youth Education
Gene G in Horses:
- Causes horses to be gray.
- Usually gray as the age- can go completely
- Keeps skin pigmentation
Gene E:
Controls presence or absence of black hair.
- On either body or points. - ee is some shade of red.
Gene A:
- distribution of black hair
- If an E horse is Black or bay
- restricts black to points.
- aa is no restriction.
Gene W
-Unable to form pigment Ww is white.
(Even if has other genes- they are over ruled)
-Double recessive is a LETHAL gene.
Breeds of Horses (Basics)
- Based on size
- Draft- Diff body structure, heavy, great strength at slow speeds.
- Light- Majority, longer body length.
- Ponies- <14.2 hands (hand is 4 inches)