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NRSE 250 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Music Therapy

A

use music/sounds to produce desired changes in behaviors, emotions, physiological process

influence limbic system (involved with emotions/feelings)

sound baths

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2
Q

Acupuncture

A

fine needles placed at specific meridian points on body

used to reduce pain: prevent/manage disorders

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3
Q

Acupressure

A

also works on same premise but uses pressure points as opposed to needle

stimulation of meridian point by hand pressure

no oil needed, can be done with person clothed

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4
Q

Energy Therapies

A

human are composed of energy field; they interact with the energy field of environment

Energy healing

Reiki: japanese “universal spirit”

therapeutic touch

prayer

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5
Q

Mind Body Medicine:

A

Qigong

Tai Chi

Yoga

dance therapy

Guided imagery:
facilitating body responses to sensory image in mind

imagery used to access “inner pharmacy” of endorphine to promote well being

Meditation

Hypnosis:
narrows consciousness; elicits relaxation, inertia, passivity, used for conditions such as stoping smoking, anxiety pain

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6
Q

Manipulative and Body-based

A

chiropractic

physical therapy

massage:
manipulation of soft tissue of body: involves stroking, kneading, pulling or pinching

Reflexology:
deeply applied pressure to mapped points on feet and/or hand to relieve tension

pressure points correspond to organs of the body that will be stimulated by pressure

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7
Q

Biological based:

A

nutrition counseling

probiotics

hydrotherapy

aromatherapy: use of aromatic plant material/essential oils

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8
Q

NCCIH

A

National Center For Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Categories of CAM modalities
1. biologically based
2. manipulative and body- based practice
3. mind-body technique
4. energy therapy

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9
Q

Herbal Therapy:

A

use of herbs of their chemical property to treat specific conditions or to enhance the function of various body system

act on the body like other prescription medication and can interact with other drugs. encourage patient to talk with physician

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10
Q

Holistic vs allopathic:

A

allopathic focuses on identifying disease and conditions by a physician or other mid level practitioner

Holistic care understands that people are not just physical bodies: people have emotional, spiritual, and relationshop aspects involved with well being that combine with the physcial body to make the whole person

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11
Q

St Johns Wort

A

depression

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12
Q

Echinacea

A

Immune Booster

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13
Q

Milk Thistle

A

Liver ailments

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14
Q

Saw Palmetto

A

prostate health

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15
Q

Garlic

A

Asthma, diabetes, cholesterol

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16
Q

Ginseng

A

memory

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17
Q

Black Cohosh

A

menopause

18
Q

Defining Physical activity in health:

A

bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles and that substantially increases energy expenidure

sports

recreational activities

exercise training

Primary Prevention

19
Q

Benefits to the aging adult:

A

increase life span

prevent disability and hospitalization

improve blood lipid profiles

reduce body fat

protect bone density

enhance balance

rejuvenate joints

20
Q

Exercise and HTN

A

systematic review of studies 2018

endurance

dynamic resistance

isometric resistance

low-mod aerobic activity

Handgrip activity

21
Q

Benefits of exercise

A

low back pain

fibromyalgia

immune function

mental health

22
Q

Exercise Prescription using FITT:

A

Frequency:
aerobic exercise 3-5 times/week
resistance training 2-3 times/week

Intensity:
moderate to rigorous
resistance exercise 8-12 reps

Time:
20-60 minutes plus warm up/cool down
15-30 minites series resistance exercise

Type:
Aerobic
resistance training

23
Q

Flexibility and Stretching:

A

increases joint ROM

mild discomfort but no pain

hold 10-20 seconds and repeat

24
Q

Aerobic Exercise:

A

Borg Rating for perceived Exertion (RPE):

subjective rating of sensations associated with intensity of work

Heart rate (HR) has strong relationships with exercise intensity/aerobic capacity

corresponds well to metabolic responses to exercise (HR, oxygen consumption)

attention to RPE: helps develop sense of body awareness and body responds to exercise

Duration recommendation: 20-60 min
less 20:minimal benefits more than 60 potential injury

25
Q

Warm up and cool downs;

A

Warm up: 5-10 min
light stretch
prepares M-S system
Prepares cardio-resp system

Cool Down: 5-10 min
slow readjustment to baseline
stretching: incr muscle elasticity, prevent blood pooling, reduce body heat

26
Q

Hydration:

A

weather considerations

Sports Drink: 4-8% CHO, 20-30 meq Na 2-5 meg K/liter is best combo

ACSM guidelines on fluid replacement

drink 16 to 20 oz of water 4 hours before the start of exercise

drink 3-8 oz water q 15-20 min while exercising if more than 1 hr planned

drink 20-24 oz of fluid for every pound of body weight lost after exercise

27
Q

MD/APRN Clearance:

A

men 40 +

women 50+ who plan on vigorous regimen

those with chronic illness

those with risk factors for chronc disease

28
Q

assessing Stress levels:

A

asking how particular events impact an indiviudal

different people respond/cope in different ways

stress measurement tool:
perceived stress scale

29
Q

Interventions of stress:

A

monitoring warning signs

practicing relaxation technique

mini- relaxations

CAM

expressive writing

healthy diet

physical activity

sleep hygiene

cognitive- behavorial restructure

affirmations

social support

assertive communication

engaging in healthy pleasures

spiritual practice

clarifying values and beliefs

realistic goals

humor

30
Q

Socio- behavioral effects on stress:

A

stress response: individual reliance on less healthy behaviors

overeating
excessive use alcohol/drugs
smoking
social isolation

31
Q

Psychological Effects

A

contributory role in negative mood status
anxiety, depression, hostility, anger

elevated corticals levels: immune system response- duration, intensity, and timing are a factor

affects health outcomes, esp in key population (elderly, terminally ill, caregiver)

quality of life
depressive symtpms
increased degree of suffering

32
Q

Nursing Role:

A

Educator: Risk, managing

Advocacy: helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive from health care system, tries to make system more responsive to individual and community needs, and helps person develop skills to advocate for themselves

Care manager: acts to prevent duplicate of services and cost

Consultant: sharing specialized knowledge

deliverer of service

healer

researcher

33
Q

Formal definitions of health:

A

old definition: health is the absence of disease

Current Text definition: health is now defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person potential and is experienced in developmental context

WHO: health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease

34
Q

Cause of Death:

A

early mid- 1900s
infectious disease: young adult and children
Health= absense of disease
people did not live long enough to die from other diseases

Now:
heart disease, chronic conditions, diabetes, cancer
50% of early death= lifestyle

35
Q

level of prevention:

A

Primary: things that are done before disease sets in, serves to prevent disease: Interventions that protect and defend the body: decreases risk of getting disease: health education, immunization, specfic nutrients, protection from carcinogen

Secondary: goal is to find a disease early. Interventions that serve to identify and detect disease at an early stage: TO FIND OUT: screening, breast exams

Tertiary: restore and rehabilitate when disability is permanent: maximize what is left: optimize functioning

36
Q

Healthy people 2030

A

call to action by US dept of health

set national goals aimed at improving health of country, focus on health promotion activites

Overarching Goals:
attain healthy, thriving live and well being free of preventable disease, disability, injury, premature death

eliminate health disparities, achieve health equity, and attain health literacy to improve the health and well being of all

create social, physical, and economic environments that promote attaining full potential for health and well being of all

promote healthy development, healthy behaviors, and well being accross all life stages

engage leadership, key constituents, and the publc across multiple sectors to take action and design policy that improve health and wellbeing for all

37
Q

Validity + sensitivity + specificity:

A

how well the test distinguishes between diseased and non diseased state.. ideal is 100%

Sensitivity: proportion of people with connection to test positive

Specificty:the proportion of people without a condition who correctly test negative

Regliability: an assessment of reproductivty of test results when different testes at different time + condition

38
Q

screenable population:

A

Age: risk changes with age

Gender: risk different for males and female
Men=prostate women+ mammogram

Ethnic group: Hispanic diabetes African American: hypertension

education/income level

39
Q

Family System Theory:

A

looking at family from a systems point of view

all rely on one another to function

patterns of living among individuals within family

unique culture value system, history

all parts are connected

works together to function (role flexability)

40
Q

Developmental theory:

A

looking at the family from developmental point of view

focus on different stages family go through

stages build on one another

failure in earlier stage may lead to difficulty

does not account for diversity

41
Q

Risk Factor Theory:

A

looking at the family from a risk factor point of view

lifestyle: active, nutrition, smoking
Biological: genetic makeup “run in family”
Environmental: save water, air, housing
Social, psychological culture, spiritual
healthcare system

42
Q

4 concepts of health:

A
  1. clinical: health is the absence of health: do not use preventative health services

2: Role performance: if you can perform your role in society you are “healthy”

3: Adaptive: health is the ability to adjust positvetly to social, mental, and physiological changes

4: eudaimonistic: health = wellbeing: interaction between physical, social, psychological, and spiritual of life

NRSE 250 (4 decks)

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