Final Exam

Question 1

What is the primary treatment for acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

Answer 1

Anticoagulation

Question 2

Which vessels are routinely evaluated in a lower extremity duplex examination?

Answer 2

Femoral veins, greater saphenous veins, popliteal veins, and posterior tibial veins

Question 3

What do bright intraluminal echoes and well attached thrombus suggest?

Answer 3

Chronic thrombus

Question 4

Which of the following large deep veins are commonly bifid?

Answer 4

Femoral and popliteal

Question 5

A palpable cord along the medial aspect of the lower extremity would be a clinical sign for:

Answer 5

Superficial thrombophlebitis, greater saphenous vein thrombosis, superficial vein thrombosis

Question 6

A patient presents in the emergency department with a massively swollen right lower extremity which is extremely painful and bluish in color. What do these findings suggest?

Answer 6

phlegmasia cerulen dolens

Question 7

Your patient presents to the vascular lab with sudden onset of left lower extremity pain and swelling. Upon duplex examination, lightly echogenic material is noted within a dilated femoral vein, and the femoral vein does not compress with applied transducer pressure. What do these findings suggest?

Answer 7

Acute deep vein thrombosis

Question 8

Which of the following is not a normal qualitative Doppler feature evaluated in the lower extremity venous system?

Answer 8

Continuity of signal

Question 9

In which way do valves in perforating veins ensure that blood moves? (under normal conditions)

Answer 9

From superficial to deep system

Question 10

A thin, white structure is noticed moving freely in the lumen of a lower extremity vein. What most likely does this represent?

Answer 10

A valve leaflet

Question 11

What would a high probability for DVT correspond to on Well’s score?

Answer 11

> 3

Question 12

What is the main function of the superficial venous system under normal conditions?

Answer 12

To help regulate body temperature

Question 13

Which of the following is a normal response to venous flow in the legs with a Valsalva maneuver?

Answer 13

Cessation of flow

Question 14

In what case will indirect assessment of the iliac veins and IVC using Doppler at the common femoral veins suggest evidence of obstruction?

Answer 14

Doppler spectrum exhibits continuity

Question 15

Which of the following treatment options is typically reserved for emergent situations in larger veins of the iliofemoral region?

Answer 15

Thrombolysis

Question 16

One way to identify saphenous veins is:

Answer 16

to look for an “eye” appearance of surrounding saphenous fascia layers

Question 17

Veins that drain into another (often larger) vein are called:

Answer 17

Tributaries

Question 18

Deep venous disease can be treated with:

Answer 18

Thrombolysis, valve replacement, and venoplasty,

Question 19

Valves that allow abnormal retrograde flow are considered

Answer 19

Incompetent

Question 20

CVI duplex examinations are optimally performed with the patient in which position?

Answer 20

Standing

Question 21

Superficial venous disease can be treated with:

Answer 21

Stripping and ligation

Question 22

A venous insufficiency treatment that uses radiofrequency or laser energy to close the vein from within is called:

Answer 22

Endovenous thermal ablation