Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology131 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Structural Classification of Joints

A
  • Fibrous
  • Cartilaginous
  • Synovial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fibrous Joints

A
  • Fibrous connective tissue that connect bones
  • Little to no movement
  • No joint cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A
  • Bones connected by cartilage
  • Lack a joint cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Synovial Joints

A
  • Most moveable joint
  • Contains fluid filled joint cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structure of Synovial Joints

A
  • Articular joints: both bones end in cartilage to absorb compression
  • Joint cavity: a space filled with synovial fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Joint movements

A
  • Gliding
  • Angular movement: flexion & extension, abduction & adduction, circumduction
  • Rotation: axis & atlas and hip & shoulder joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Special Movements

A
  • Supination
  • Pronation
  • Opposition
  • Inversion & Eversion
  • Dorsiflexion & Plantar flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Properties of Muscle Tissue

A
  • Extensibility
  • Elasticity
  • Contractility
  • Excitability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functions of Muscle Tissue

A
  • Produce movement
  • Open & close body passageways
  • Maintain posture & stabilize joints
  • Heart Generation: maintain normal body temp.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Central Nervous System Divison

A
  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peripheral Nervous System Division

A
  • Nerves (cranial & spinal)
  • Ganglia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neurons

A
  • Recieves input from other cells & pass electrical messages on to other cells
  • Features: cell body, dendrites, axon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rods & Cons

A
  • Responsible for converting light that enters your eye into electronical signals that can be decoded by the vision center of the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Meninges

A
  • 3 layers of membrane that protect the brain
  • Pia Mater: inner layer
  • Arachnoid: middle layer
  • Dura Mater: outer layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A
  • Fills hollow cavities of brain & spinal cord
  • Provides liquid cushioning
  • Functions: nourishes brain & spinal cord, removes waste, carries chemical signals between parts of the CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood-Brain Barrier

A
  • Prevents most blood-born toxins from entering the brain
  • Impermeable capillaries
  • Not an absolute barrier: allows passage of oxygen and also alcohol, nicotine and anesthetics
17
Q

The cerebrum

A
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Motor Strip
  • Sensory Strip
  • Cerebellum
18
Q

Thalamus

A
  • Sorts sensory impulses
  • Directs impulses within the cerebral cortex
19
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • Maintains homeostasis (perfect balance in the body)
  • Controls sympathetic & parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system
  • influences heartbeat, blood flow, hormone secretion
20
Q

Endocardium

A
  • Thin smooth layer inside the chambers of the heart
21
Q

Myocardium

A
  • Heart muscle, thickest layer, pumps blood
22
Q

Epicardium

A
  • Membrane that forms the outermost layer of the heart wall
  • Part of the Pericardium
23
Q

Pericardium

A
  • Sack that encloses the heart
  • Connects tissues
  • Helps to anchor the heart in the chest
24
Q

Tissues of the heart wall

A
  • Epicardium
  • Myocardium
  • Pericardium
  • Endocardium
25
Q

Risk factors for Heart Disease

A
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Family History
  • Smoking
  • Poor Diet
  • High Blood Pressure & Cholesterol
  • Diabetes
  • Obesity
  • Physical Inactivity
  • Stress
  • Poor Hygiene
  • Chemo or Radio therapy for Cancer
26
Q

Functions of the Larynx

A
  • Voice production
  • Provides and open airway
  • Routes air & food into proper channels
27
Q

Functions & Features of the Trachea

A
  • Features: extends from larynx to its division into left & right bronchi
  • Functions: carry air in & out of your lungs
28
Q

Bronchi/Bronchioles

A
  • Bronchi: outside the lungs, supoorted by cartilage
  • Bronchioles: lack cartilage but have smooth muscle, lack mucous but still have ciliated cells
29
Q

Alveoli

A
  • 400 million alveoli account for lareg amount of surface area for gas exchange
30
Q

Difference between left & right lung

A

Right Lung
- superior, middle & inferior lobes
Left Lung
- superior & inferior lobes
- cardiac notch: the depression that accomodates the heart

31
Q

Alleles

A
  • Matching genes, one from the father and one from the mother
32
Q

Genotype

A
  • A scoring of a type of varient
  • ex. AA, Aa, aa
33
Q

Phenotype

A
  • The observational characteristics of an individual resulting from the expression of genes
34
Q

Number of Chromosmes

A
  • 46
  • 22 autosome pairs
  • 1 sex chromosome pair
35
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A
  • A condition where 3 genotypes are expressed
  • occurs when the dominant allele does not completely mask the recessive allele
36
Q

Co-Dominance

A
  • Occurs when both alleles are expressed & result in an entirely new phenotype
37
Q

Multipel Allelism

A
  • Occurs when more than two alleles are present for a given gene
  • ex, blood typing; which exhibits both co-dominance and multiple allelism
38
Q

Polygenic Inheritance

A
  • Occurs when more than one gene affects a trait. each additional gene gives addictive effects
  • multiple genes that effect one trait (eye colour or hair colour)

Biology131 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions