Concepts of Disease

Question 1

natural selection

Answer 1

• succesful genes will spread
• unsuccessful genes will die out
• speed, skull, vision

Question 2

constraints

Answer 2

• structures develop from pre-existing structures
• esophagus/wind-pipe cross-over

Question 3

epidemiology

Answer 3

• the study of the case of disease in populations
• incidence rate: how many were diagnosed
• prevalence rate: total people who are sick
• mortality rate: how many people died

Question 4

viruses

Answer 4

• DNA, protein coat
• can’t make protein, energy, reproduce
• enters host cell, hijacks machinery
• host cell make viruses, explodes, releasing viruses

Question 5

bacteria

Answer 5

• no nucleus
• survive independently
• use humans for food, warmth, protection
• streptococcus (strep throat)
• immune response: eat it, explode it

Question 6

fungi

Answer 6

• very few are pathogenic
• mycotic infections
• difficult to cure