Final: Enteribacteriaceae And Biochemical Testing Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the shape and gram-reaction-type of enterobacteriaceae?

A

They are gram-negative rods

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2
Q

Where are enterobacteriaceae commonly found?

A

In water, soil, and vegetation

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3
Q

How do humans commonly spread enterobacteriaceae?

A

Improper hand washing and poor sanitary practices

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4
Q

Why are fimbriae needed by bacteria?

A

They allow bacteria to attach themselves to host cells and tissue

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5
Q

What diseases are enteric bacteria known to commonly cause?

A

30% of all septicemias
70% of all UTI’s
Pneumonia
Intestinal infections

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6
Q

How do endotoxins, such as lipid A, cause harm to the human body during infection?

A

They stimulate and immune reaction in the host when released from the bacterial cell wall through lyses or death of bacteria. If released in a short time the immune system can become overwhelmed and go into anaphylactic shock

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7
Q

How do capsules protect bacteria?

A

The prevent phagocytosis by the host’s white blood cells

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8
Q

What is the most common symptom of an acquired enteric infection?

A

Diarrhea

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9
Q

How are enteric bacteria differentiated (considering they all look mostly identical under the microscope)?

A

They are run through a series of test groups called IMVC (Índole, Mehtyl red, Voges-Proskauer, and Citrate)

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10
Q

What is the basis for the majority of biochemical tests?

A

The presence of absence of certain metabolic products

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11
Q

What is indole? How would one test for the presence of indole?

A

Indole is a molecule produced as a by-product during the breakdown of tryptophan by triptophase while bacteria are caatobolizing protein.

One would test for it by adding Kovac’s regent to an actively growing culture

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12
Q

Generally speaking, what is the Methyl Red and Voges-Proskar media designed to test for?

A

To see which metabolic pathways are used to break down glucose

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13
Q

What is citrate media designed to test for and what does a positive test look like?

A

Designed to place microbes under nutritional stress and see how much they respond

Blue color= positive

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14
Q

Why is SIM media considered a different combination media?

A

It has multiple tests within one media

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15
Q

What three things does the SIM media test for?

A

Sulfur reduction
Indole production
Motility

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