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865 - Therapeutics V > Final Drugs Spectrum > Flashcards

Final Drugs Spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

What aerobes and anaerobes do nitroimidazoles cover?

A

Metronidazole

Aerobes: NONE

Anaerobes:
Clostridium spp. (C. diff)
Peptostreptococcus spp.
Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides spp.
Fusobacterium
Prevotella spp.
Veillonella spp.
H. pylori

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2
Q

Does metronidazole cover atypicals?

A

Yes

Trichomonas vaginalis
Entamoeba histolytica
Giardia lamblia
Garderella vaginalis

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3
Q

What aerobes (G+/G-) does clindamycin cover?

A

Gram-Positive:
- Group streptococci
- Viridans streptococci
- PSSP
- MSSA
- CA-MRSA

Gram-Negatives: NONE

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4
Q

Does clindamycin cover atypicals?

A

Yes

Pneumocystis carinii/jirovecii
Toxoplasmosis gondii
Plasmodium falciparum

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5
Q

What aerobes do polymyxins cover?

A

Gram-Positive: NONE

Gram-Negative:
PPEEACKSSS:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterobacter spp.
E. coli
Acinetobacter spp.
Citrobacter spp.
Klebsiella spp.
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Stenotrophomonas maltophila

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6
Q

What anaerobes do polymyxins cover?

A

NONE (and no atypicals)

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7
Q

What aerobes does trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole cover?

A

Gram positives:
- MSSA
- CA-MRSA

Gram negatives:
HENPEACKSSS:
H. influenzae
E. coli
Neisseria spp.
P. mirabilis
Enterobacter spp.
Acinetobacter baumannii
Citrobacter spp.
K. pneumoniae
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Serratia spp.
- and Stenotrophomonas maltophila

NOT pseudomonas

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8
Q

What anaeobes does TMP-SMX cover?

A

NONE

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9
Q

What atypical does TMP-SMX cover?

A

pneumocystis carinii/jirovecii

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10
Q

What anaerobes do the tetracycline analogs cover?

A

tigecycline, eravacycline, omadacycline

Gram-Positive:
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
Enterococcus faecalis
MSSA
MRSA
Listeria monocytogenes

Gram-Negative:
EEACKSSS:
E. coli
Enterobacter spp.
Acinetobacter spp.
Citrobacter spp.
Klebsiella spp.
Serratia marcescens
Stenotrophomonas maltophila

NO proteus spp. or pseudomonas

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11
Q

Do the tetracycline analogs cover anaerobes?

A

Yes, lots!

Actinomyces spp.
Propionibacterium spp.
Peptrostreptococcus spp.
Clostridium perfringens
Bacteroides spp.
Prevotella spp.

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12
Q

What anaerobes do tetracyclines cover?

A

tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline

Gram-Positive: (minocycline & doxycycline most active)
some: Group streptococci, Viridans streptococci, Enterococcus spp., MSSA
PSSP
Bacillus spp.
Listeria spp.
Nocardia spp.

Gram-Negative:
H. influenzae
H. ducreyi
Campylobacter jejuni
H. pyelo
Acinetobacter baumannii (IV minocycline)

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13
Q

Do the tetracyclines cover anaerobes or atypicals?

A

Yes for both

Anaerobes:
- actinomyces spp.
- propionibacterium spp.

Atypicals:
- Legionella pneumophila
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
- Chlamydophila psittaci

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14
Q

What aerobes do the macrolides cover?

A

erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin

Gram-Positive: C > E > A
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
MSSA
Bacillus spp.
Corynebacterium spp.

Gram-Negative: A > C > E
H. influenzae (not erythromycin)
Moraxella catarrhalis
Neisseria spp.

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15
Q

Do the macrolides cover atypicals or anaerobes?

A

Yes to both

Atypicals:
Legionella pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Treponema paddium
Mycobacterium avium complex (A and C)

Anaerobes: only above the diaphragm

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16
Q

What aerobes do the fluoroquinolones cover?

A

ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, delafloxacin

Gram-Positive: ciprofloxacin has poor activity, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin have enhanced activity
Group steptococci
Viridans streptococci
limited Enterococcus spp.
PSSP
PRSP (not ciprofloxacin)
MSSA
**MRSA (delafloxacin) **

Gram-Negative: C, L, D, > M
HENPECKSSS:
H. influenzae
E. coli
Neisseria spp.
Proteus spp.
Enterobacter spp.
Citrobacter spp.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Serratia marcescens
Shigella spp.
Salmonella spp.
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Morganella morganii
- Campylobacter
- Providencia spp.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C > L > D, no M)

17
Q

Do the fluoroquinolones cover any atypiclas?

A

Yes, they are extremely active against legionella

18
Q

What aerobes do the aminolgycosides cover?

A

gentamicin, tobramycin, plazomicin, amikacin

Gram-Positive: never used alone - gentamicin is best
Viridans streptococci
Enterococcus spp. (gentamicin)
most S. aureus & coagulase- negative staphylococci

Gram-Negative: A, P > T > G
PPPEEACKSSS:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Proteus spp.
Providencia spp.
E. Coli
Enterobacter spp.
plazo does not cover any of the ACKSSS
Acinetobacter spp.
Citrobacter spp.
Klebsiella spp.
Salmonella spp.
Serratia marcescens
Shigella spp.
- Morganella morganii

19
Q

Do aminoglycosides cover anaerobes?

A

NONE

20
Q

What aerobes do the lipoglycopeptides cover?

A

telavaincin, oritavancin, dalbavancin

Gram-Positive:
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
PRSP
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium
some VRE (not oritavancin)
MSSA
**MRSA **
VISA
VRSA (oritavancin)

Gram-Negative: NONE

21
Q

What aerobes do lipopeptides cover?

A

daptomycin

Gram-Positive:
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
PRSP
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium
VRE
MSSA
MRSA
VRSA
LRSA
Corynebacterium jeikeium

Gram-Negative: NONE

22
Q

What aerobes do the oxazolidinones cover?

A

Gram-Positive:
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
PRSP
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium
VRE
MSSA
MRSA
VRSA
Listeria monocytogenes
Bacillus spp.

Gram-Negative: NONE

23
Q

Do oxazolidinones cover anaerobes or atypics?

A

Yes to both

Anaerobes:
- Clostridium (not C. diff)
- Peptostreptococcus spp.
- Propionibacterium acnes

Atypicals: linezolid has some activity, but it’s not used clinicaly for atypicals

24
Q

What aerobes do the streptogramins cover?

A

Gram-Positive:
Group streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
PRSP
Enterococcus faecium ONLY
VRE (E. faecium ONLY)
MSSA
MRSA
Listeria monocytogenes

Gram-Negative: limited activity
Neisseria spp.
Moraxella spp.

25
Q

Do the streptogramins cover anaerobes or atypicals?

A

Yes to both

Anaerobes:
- Clostridium (not C. diff)
- Peptostreptococcus spp.

Atypicals:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae

26
Q

What aerobes does vancomycin cover?

A

Gram-Positive:
Group A, B, C, D, F, G Streptococci
Viridans streptococci
PSSP
PRSP
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecium
MSSA
MRSA
Corynebacterium spp.
Listeria monocytogenes
Actinomyces
Clostridium spp.

Gram-Negative: NONE

865 - Therapeutics V (7 decks)

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