Final Derm

Question 1

Layers of skin from superficial to deep:

Answer 1

Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidem (thick only)
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale

Question 2

What are dendritic cells of the skin called?

Answer 2

Langerhans cells

Question 3

What are Merkel cells?

Answer 3

Light touch discriminating nerve found in stratum basale, derived from epidermal cells.

Question 4

What are the two dermal cell layers, and what do they contain?

Answer 4

Papillary (superficial): dermal papillae; loose connective tissues fibroblasts and collagen

Reticular (deep): irregular connective tissue; binds epidermis to hypodermis; bundles of type 1 collagen

Question 5

Where and what are free nerve endings?

Answer 5

Papillary dermis and extend into lower epidermal layer.

Detect temp, pain, and itch.

Question 6

Where and what are Meissner corpuscles?

Answer 6

Papillary dermis; encapsulated receptor used t detect light discriminatory touch.

Question 7

Where and what are Pacinian corpuscles?

Answer 7

Reticular dermis; encapsulated receptor used to detect deep pressure and vibration.

Question 8

What are the stages of hair growth and what occurs in each phase?

Answer 8

1. Anagen: growth phase
2. Catagen: regression
3. Telogen: inactivity

Question 9

Distinguish the three types of secretory skin glands?

Answer 9

Sebaceous: Release oil via holocrine secretion into hair follicle.

Eccrine: secrete sweat onto skin surface.

Apocrine: secrete sweat into hair follicles via merocrine secretion. Located in axila and perineum.

Question 10

What would a none raised or depressed skin lesion be termed?

Answer 10

Macule < 1 cm

Patch > 1 cm

Question 11

What would a raised or depressed skin lesion be termed?

Answer 11

Papule < .5 cm
Plaque > .5 cm
Nodule Elevation caused by a deeper located lesion

Question 12

What would an accumulation of fluid within or beneath the epidermis be termed?

Answer 12

Vesicle: < 5 mm
Bulla: > 5 mm
Pustule: opaque

Question 13

Describe the secondary changes in dermatology: scale, crust, lichenification, erosion, ulceration, fissure.

Answer 13

Scale: dry laminated masses of keratin representing stratum corneum involvement

Crust: dried serum, blood, or purulent material on skin surface

Lichenification: dry leathery leathery thickening of skin causing exaggerated markings

Erosion: loss of epidermal layer, caused by ruptured vesicles or bulla

Ulceration: similar in appearance to erosion, but deeper, including some of the dermis

Fissure: deep linear split in skin extending through epidermis into the dermis or deeper