Chemical Mediators

Question 1

IL1

Answer 1

Inflammation, endothelial cell activation, fever, and IL6 production.

Question 2

IL6

Answer 2

Fever, acute phase response, plasma cell differentiation, Th17 differentiation

Question 3

TNF alpha

Answer 3

Inflammation, endothelial cell activation, fever, FDC differentiation, cachexia

Question 4

IFN gamma

Answer 4

Macrophage activation, TH1 differentiation, B cell differentiation, IgG2a, IgG3 isotypes

Question 5

IFN alpha

Answer 5

Inhibits viral replication, increases MHC Class I expression, activates NK cells

Question 6

IFN beta

Answer 6

Inhibits viral replication, activates NK cells

Question 7

GCSF/MCSF/GMCSF

Answer 7

Granulocyte/monocyte differentiation, stem cell recruitment

Question 8

Histamine

Answer 8

Vasodilation/vascular permeability, endothelial cell activation

Question 9

Nitric Oxide

Answer 9

Vasodilation

Question 10

Prostacyclin

Answer 10

Vasodilation

Question 11

Thromboxane

Answer 11

Vasoconstriction

Question 12

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

Answer 12

Pain, central nervous system mediator of fever

Question 13

Leukotrienes

Answer 13

Vascular permeability, bronchoconstriction

Question 14

Lipoxins

Answer 14

Inhibit neutrophil adhesion and chemotaxis; help with resolution of inflammatory response

Question 15

Complement

Answer 15

Opsonization (C3b), chemotaxis (C5a), membrane attack complex (MAC)

Question 16

Bradykinin

Answer 16

Pain, endothelium-dependent vasodilation and permeability

Question 17

CXCL8 (IL8)

Answer 17

Major chemotactic factor of neutrophils

Question 18

CCL2 (MCP-1)

Answer 18

Macrophage recruitment to sites of inflammation

Question 19

C3b

Answer 19

bacterial coating enzyme to enhance phagocytosis

Question 20

C3a and C5a

Answer 20

Stimulates histamine release, increases vessel permeability, and acts as a chemotactic agent for phagocytes