Final cumulative

Question 1

Visible vs. infrared imagery

Answer 1

Visible satellite image- image processed from radiometers onboard a satellite that sense visible solar radiation reflected or back scattered from surfaces in the earth atmosphere system
The day with sun

Infrared image- picture or Image processed fro, radiometers onboard a satellite that sense thermal radiation signals emitted by earth and cloud surfaces of the earth atmosphere infrared radiation signals are routine are routinely calibrated to give the surface temperature of objects in the sensors field of view
No natural light

Question 2

High pressure

Answer 2

Anticyclones
Descending air and are usually accompanied by fair weather.
Northwestern Canada =cold,dry,winter … Cool/dry summer
Further south= mild,dry / winter … Hot/dry summer
Humidity - calm conditions or light winds

Blow clockwise and spirit outward

Question 3

Low pressure

Answer 3

Cyclones - stormy weather systems
Ascending air
Typically produce cloudy, rainy, and snowy weather
Cancellation of heating from the ground pushes the low ridding of stormy weather.
Blow counterclockwise and spirit inward

Question 4

what is the difference watch vs. warning

Answer 4

Watch- potential exists

Warning- it is occurring other is going to happen soon based on the radar

Question 5

What is a front?

Answer 5

A narrow zone of transition between air masses of contrasting air density, that is different temperature, humidity or both. Fronts are classified as stationary, warm or occluded

Question 6

When does the days minimum temperature occur?

Answer 6

Sunrise

Question 7

Where is the ozone layer

Answer 7

Stratosphere

Question 8

What does a radiosonde measure

Answer 8

ALTITUDE READINGS- temperature, air pressure, and humidity in the atmosphere

A small balloon-borne instrument package equipped with a radio transmitter that takes altitude readings of the temperature, air pressure, and humidity in the atmosphere

Question 9

what are the most common gases?

Answer 9

Nitrogen and oxygen

Question 10

What is the principle source of oxygen?

Answer 10

Plants

Photosynthesis- the process whereby plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to manufacture their food and generate oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 11

What are the different layers of the atmosphere?

Answer 11

Lowest to highest 
Troposphere 
Tropopause 
Stratosphere 
Stratopause 
Mesosphere 
Mesopause 
Thermosphere

Question 12

What are the seasons and how is the earth situated?

Answer 12

Winter

Spring- earths rotational axis is oriented perpendicular to the sun’s rays on the first day

Summer

Fall

Earth is closest to the sun in January

Question 13

What is albedo? What has high and low albedo?

Answer 13

The fraction or percent of radiation striking a surface that is reflected by that surface usually applied to the reflectivity of an object to visible radiation

High- FRESH snow ground

Low-BLACK ASPHALT. Cities

Question 14

What is heat vs. temperature

Answer 14

Heat- A form of energy transferred between systems or components of a system, in response to differences in temperature heat energy is always transferred from a warmer system to a colder system.

Temperature- a measure of kinetic energy of the individual atoms or molecules composing a substance

Question 15

Warm air mass and pressure

Answer 15

Higher surface pressure than equally warm but more humid air masses.

air density decreases, the number of molecules per unit volume decreases

Question 16

Cold air mass and pressure

Answer 16

DENSER and usually produce higher surface pressure than warm human air masses.

air pressure drops more rapidly with altitude within a cold column of air than in a war column of air

Question 17

What is the average air pressure at sea level

Answer 17

ALL OF
THESE

1013.25 mb

inches and Pascals.
101,325 Pa
29.9 inches
1mb = .02953 in of Mercury

Question 18

Phase changes

Answer 18

1) Evaporation - if more water me used enter the atmosphere as vapor than as liquid, a net loss occurs in liquid water mass
2) Condensation -If more water molecules return to the water surface as liquid than enter the atmosphere as vapor a new gain of liquid water mass results.
3) Transportation - water that is taken up from the soil by plant roots eventually escapes as vapor through tiny pores in the underside of leaves.
4) Sublimation - ice or snow becomes vapor without first becoming a liquid. ->evaporation
5) Deposition - water vapor becomes ice without first becoming a liquid. (Frost in automobile windows)

Question 19

What are the types of fog

Answer 19

Advection fog- when the advecting air passes over a relatively cold surface, the air mass may be chilled to saturation in its lower layers. Advection cooling.. Example early spring when miles humid air flows over relatively cold, snow covered ground. Snow on the ground may chill the overlying air to the dew point and fog develops. ADVECTION COOLING

Steam Fog
(Arctic seam smoke)
Late fall or winter when extremely cold and dry air flows over a large unfrozen body of water. Evaporation and sensible heating cause the lower portion of the air mass to become more humid and warmer than the air above. Heating below destabilizes the air and the consequent mixing of mild humid air with cold dry air brings the aid to saturation and fog forms. Because the air is stabilized fog appears.

Radiation fog
Mist-suspension
clear night sky, light winds, an air mass that is humid near the ground and relatively dry aloft, radiation all cooling may cause the air near the ground to approach saturation. Ground level cloud. Marshy areas of where soil has been saturated by recent rainfall or snow melt.
RIVER VALLEY BOTTOM

Upslope Fog - hillsides or mountain slopes. Ascending humid air undergoes expansional cooling and reached saturation

Question 20

It takes ________ cloud droplets to form a rain drop

Answer 20

1 million

Question 21

What does a Doppler radar detect

Answer 21

The Doppler effect to monitor the motion of precipitation particles

Operating in Doppler mode weather radar detects particles movie perpendicular to the radar beam

Question 22

Scales of the atmospheric circulation in order;: larges to smallest

Answer 22

Planetary-scale systems- large scale wind belts encircling the planet are global.. Weeks or months

Synoptic- scale systems- are continental or oceanic in scale; extra tropical cyclones, hurricanes, and air masses… Several days to a week or so as they travel over distances of thousands of kilometers.

Horizontal winds are stronger than vertical flow

Mesoscale system- thunderstorms and sea and lake breezes, circulation systems that are small that they may influence the wearer in only a portion of a large city or county… Hours or a day

Microscale systems- a weather system covering a very small area such as several city blocks of a small town represents the smallest spatial subdivision of the atmospheric motion… Minutes or less.

Vertical wind speeds may be comparable in magnitude to horizontal winds.

Question 23

What is the coriolis effect and how does it work?

Answer 23

Term
- an apparent reflective force arising from the rotation of the earth on its axis; affects principally synoptic- scale and planetary- scale winds. Winds are deflected to the right of their initial direction in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. Magnitude depends on latitude and speed of the moving object.

The Coriolis effect arises from the fact that the earth rotates

Effect is zero and produced no deflection at the equator

In the the northern hemisphere the effect always acts at a right angle and to the right of the direction of motion