Exam 1

Question 0

Climate trends are

Answer 0

Averaged over a 30 year period

Question 1

What is weather?

Answer 1

The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, described in terms of the current value of such quantitative variables as temperature, humid, cloudiness, precipitation, and wind speed and direction.

Question 2

High air pressure

Answer 2

Anticyclones
Descending air and are usually accompanied by fair weather.
Northwestern Canada =cold,dry,winter … Cool/dry summer
Further south= mild,dry / winter … Hot/dry summer
Humidity - calm conditions or light winds

Blow clockwise and spirit outward

Question 3

Low air pressure

Answer 3

Cyclones - stormy weather systems
Ascending air
Typically produce cloudy, rainy, and snowy weather
Cancellation of heating from the ground pushes the low ridding of stormy weather.
Blow counterclockwise and spirit inward

Question 4

What direction does wx moves across the mid latitudes

Answer 4

Generally west to eAst

Question 5

How many days does it take wx to move across the U.S.?

Answer 5

3-5 days

Question 6

Pressure

Answer 6

The weight of a column of air over a unit area of Earth’s surface.

Question 7

Temperature

Answer 7

A measure of average kinetic energy of the individual atoms or molecules composing a substance

Question 8

Humidity

Answer 8

A general term referring to any one of describing the amount or concentration of water vapor in the air.

Question 9

What is a front?

Answer 9

A narrow zone of transition between air masses of contrasting air density, that is different temperature, humidity or both. Fronts are classified as stationary, warm or occluded

Question 10

What kind of weather is associated with a cold front?

Answer 10

Front that moves in a way that relatively cold (more dense) air advances and replaces warm (less dense) air.
Cold.

Question 11

What kind of weather is associated with a warm front?

Answer 11

Front that moves in a way that relatively cold (more dense) air retreats allowing warm (less dense) air to advance. May be associates with a broad band of cloudiness and precipitation
Warm

Question 12

National service watch vs. warning

Answer 12

Watch- potential exists

Warning- it is occurring other is going to happen soon based on the radar

Question 13

Visible vs. infrared imagery

Answer 13

Visible satellite image- image processed from radiometers onboard a satellite that sense visible solar radiation reflected or back scattered from surfaces in the earth atmosphere system
The day with sun

Infrared image- picture or Image processed fro, radiometers onboard a satellite that sense thermal radiation signals emitted by earth and cloud surfaces of the earth atmosphere infrared radiation signals are routine are routinely calibrated to give the surface temperature of objects in the sensors field of view
No natural light

Question 14

When do the days minimum temps occur?

Answer 14

Sunrise

Question 15

Radar

Answer 15

Emits microwave energy
Doppler detect motion

Radio detection and ranging. A remote sensing tool broadcasts and receives microwave signals back from targets for the purpose of deter,omg the location, height, movement, and intensity of precipitation.

Question 16

What was the principle gas in the early stages of earth

Answer 16

Hydrogen

Question 17

What is the atmosphere and its basic composition

Answer 17

A relatively thin layer of gases and tiny suspended particles that envelopes the globe. Hydrosphere- oceans, glaciers, rivers, lakes, groundwater.) Geosphere- (rocks, minerals, soil) Biosphere -(plants, animals)?

Question 18

What are the basic clouds?

Answer 18

Stratiform cloud- clouds that form in horizontal layers
Cumuliform cloud- clouds that appear puffy
Cirrus clouds- look fibrous because they are composed of mostly tiny ice crystals
Cumulus clouds- small white clouds that look like puffs of cotton
usually vaporize rapid
Cumulonimbus clouds- cumulus clouds that build vertically and merge laterally and turn into thunder clouds

Question 19

What are the layers of the atmosphere in order?

Answer 19

Lowest to highest 
Troposphere 
Tropopause 
Stratosphere 
Stratopause 
Mesosphere 
Mesopause 
Thermosphere

Question 20

What layer is the ozone shield located in?

Answer 20

Stratosphere

Question 21

What layer is considered the weather layer?

Answer 21

Troposphere

Question 22

What are the temperature trends in their separate layers?

Answer 22

Troposphere- falls with increasing altitude. 6.5 degrees Celsius every 1000m increase.
Stratosphere- does not change with increasing altitude- isothermal. Lower than sea level.
Mesosphere- temp is -95 degree Celsius -139 Fahrenheit
Thermosphere- at first they are isothermal and then they rise rapidly with increasing altitudes

Question 23

What are the seasons and earth’s position related to the sun?

Answer 23

Solar altitude- the angle of the sun above the horizon.

Northern hemisphere- earth is closest to the sun in winter and farthest from the sun in summer.

Perihelion- earth is closet
Aphelion- farthest from the sun

Question 24

Solar radiation consists of ?

Answer 24

Infrared, visible, ultraviolet radiation

Question 25

How do the seasons effect daylight/night hour?

Answer 25

K

Question 26

What is albedo?

Answer 26

The fraction or percent of radiation striking a surface that is reflected by that surface usually applied to the reflectivity of an object to visible radiation

Question 27

What substances have and high albedos?

Answer 27

High- snow ground

Low-cities

Question 28

The earths albedo is?

Answer 28

31%

Question 29

How can sky conditions effect temperature during the day and night?

Answer 29

O

Question 30

CFC’s threaten the ozone and and what effects a thin ozone can have?

Answer 30

D

Question 31

What do the bright and dark colors on a infrared imagine mean?

Answer 31

Bright- 1. High clouds… the lowest temps

Dark- 1. Low clouds…highest temps

Question 32

What is the boiling and freezing points of sharer F, C, and K.

Answer 32

Boiling- 100 C….. 212 Fahrenheit…

Freezing - 0 C….. 32 Fahrenheit

Question 33

Absolute zero means

Answer 33

No electromagnetic radiation is emitted

Question 34

What substance is used in thermometers in places where temps fall to -40 or lower

Answer 34

Alcohol

Question 35

Conductors of heat/heat

Answer 35

Goes from warmer to cooler

Question 36

Cold is more _______ than warm air

Answer 36

Dense

Question 37

Maritime climates vs. continental climates

Answer 37

Maritime climate- the climate immediately downwind of an ocean, or large lake that experiences less contrast between winter and summer temperatures due to greater thermal inertia of water

Continental climate- an inland climate that experiences greater contrast between summer and winter temperatures due to a large landmasses thermal inertia

Question 38

Conduction

Answer 38

Transfer of kinetic energy of atoms or molecules via collisions between the neighboring atoms or molecules

Question 39

Convection

Answer 39

The transport of heat within within a fluid via motions of the fluid itself: generally occurs only in liquids and gases. Convection is much more important than conduction in transporting heat vertically within the troposphere

Question 40

Radiation

Answer 40

Emission of transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves

Question 41

What does air mass consist of?

Answer 41

A huge volume of air covering thousands of square kilometers that has relatively uniform temperature and water vapor concentration horizontally. The specific characteristics of an air mass depend on the type of surface over which the air mass forms.