Final Comparative Anatomy Flashcards
Which of the following groups of fishes would be expected to have a swim bladder? A. Sharks B. Open Water Swimming Teleosts C. Bottom dwellers Lung fishes
B. Open Water Swimming Teleosts
Bidder’s Organ found in which organism, and what is it?
Male frog, ovary
The SCM and trapezius in mammals are innervated by which of the following nerves
A. CN V
B. CN IX
C. CN X
D. CN XICN XI: Spinal Accessory
Which of the following descriptions best describes postganglionic neurons?
A. Myelinated with cell bodies located in gray matter of ventral horns
B. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in gray matter of lateral hors
C. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia
D.Myelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia
C. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia
In the general organization of the CNS, motor paths could be mostly associated with which of the following areas? A. Alar plates B. Roof Plates C. Basal Plates D. Floor Plate
C. Basal Plates
In the general organization of the CNS, sensory paths could be mostly associated with which of the following areas? A. Alar plates B. Roof Plates C. Basal Plates D. Floor Plate
A. Alar plates
Vagal lobes in the myelencephalon of teleosts are associated with which of the following functions?
a. Smell
b. Taste
c. Balance
d. Equilibrium
b. Taste
The thalamus is a collection of nuclei which serve as relay stations for a variety of motor and sensory information. Which the following nuclei relay information to the visual cortex?
a. Mammillary bodies
b. Medial geniculate bodies
c. Lateral geniculate bodies
d. Suprachiasmatic nuclei
Lateral geniculate bodies
Corpora quadrigemina first appear in which of the following groups?
a. Lizards
b. Snakes
c. Primates
d. Ungulates
snakes
Which of the following groups would have the largest optic lobes relative to the overall size of the brain?
a. Mammals b. Teleosts c. Reptilians d. Birds
D. Birds
In the developing mammalian heart, which of the following areas of the cardiac tubes has the fastest intrinsic rate of pulsation? a. Left ventricle region b. Right ventricle region c. Future atrial region d. Sinuous venosus e. Left common cardinal region
d. Sinuous venosus
In crocodilians, the foramen of Panizzae connects which of the following pairs of vessels?
A. L and R aortic arches
B. R aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk
C. L aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk
D. L and R pulmonary trunks
E. L 4th aortic arch and left carotid arch
A. L and R aortic arches
A completely subdivided atrium first appears win which of the following groups of vertebrates? A. Sharks B. Lung fishes C. Amphibians D. Turtles E. Crocodilians
C. Amphibians
Which of the following aortic branches are classified as lateral intersegmental branches? a. Subclavians b. Iliacs c. External carotids d. Renals E. Hepatics
d. Renals
Which of the following pairs of aortic arches is associated with the formation of internal carotids in tetrapods? A.first B. second C. Third D. Fourth E. Fifith F. Sixth
C. Third
Which of the following pairs of aortic arches is lost in all extant adult vertebrates? A.first B. second C. Third D. Fourth E. Fifth F. Sixth
A. first
Which new pair of veins form the renal portal system?
Posterior Cardinal veins (CORRECTED AS PER DR.A’s REVIEW)
In mammalian embryos a patent ductus arteriosus connects which of the following vessels?
Left fourth aortic arch and the sixth aortic arch
What are associated with the semilunar valves, slowest intrinsic rate?
conus arterioisus
In a turtle’s heart, when oxygenated blood is pumped into the L ventricle, where is it
shunted?-
cavum venosum
Which structures in a fetal heart are used to bypass the lungs?-
ductus arterious and foramen ovale (2 of 3 choices)
A completely subdivided atrium first appears in which of the following groups?-
amphibians
Which vertebrate has lungs but mostly uses skin for gas exchange?
amphibians
Hemibranch is which of the following?-
the septum is covered only on one side by gill Lamelle
In Actinoptyergin, the pneumatic duct comes off which part of the pharynx?
The ventral
floor of the pharynx
Which of these is most likely to have a swim bladder?
open water teleosts
What supplies the entire lung?
primary bronchus
What supplies the lobes of the lungs?
secondary bronchus
What supplies the lobules?
tertiary bronchus
Which of the following best describes post ganglionic neurons?-
unmyelinated with cell bodies in ganglia
What is an aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in the CNS?
nucleus
What mylenates axons of the CNS?
oligodendrocytes
what mylenates axons in the PNS?
Schwann Cells
The 3r d ventricle is a derivative of the lumen of which part of the pentapartate brain?-
diencephalon
In the general organization of the central nervous system motor paths would be mostly associated with which of the following areas?
- basal plates
In the general organization of the central nervous system sensory paths would be mostly associated with which of the following areas?
- alar plates
Optic lobes are a derivative from the roof of which part of the pentapartae brain?-
mesencephalon
The thalamus is the collection of nuclei which serve as relay stations for a variety of motor and sensory nuclei. Which if the following nuclei relay info into the visual cortex?-
lateral geniculate body
Which of the following regulates the ANS and regulates the gonads and pituitary glands via neurohormones?-
hypothalamus
corpora quadregemina first appears in which group?
snakes
Which of the following groups have the largest optic lobes relative to the overall size of the
brain?
birds
Which of the following is the original cephalic boundary of the neural tube?-
lamina
terminalis of the mesencephalon
Vagal lobes in the myencephalon of teleosts are associated with which of the following?-
taste
Edinger Westfall nucleus
pre ganglionic go from here to the ciliary ganglion to the sphincter pupillae- part of the GVM)
The sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius in mammals are innervated by which of the following nerves?-
CN XI
In the general organization of the central nervous system motor paths would be mostly
associated with which of the following areas?
basal plates
What is the right order from inner to outer of the gut tube?
submucosa, circular muscle layer, longitudinal muscle layer, and serosa
What part of the gut is the serosa replaced with adventitia?
esophagus
what is used to store seeds and grain
crop
What uses a spiral valve (increase SA for absorption without increasing length of the intestine for absorption) for digestive system?-
shark
Which of these has the thecodont dentition?
crocodilians
A zero in the dental formula is called:
diastema
what animal does not have canines?
SQUIRREL!
Proper occlusion occurs when which of these occurs?
The protocone of the corresponding upper molar bites into the talonid of the lower molar
Ammonotelic organisms?
fresh water teleosts and lungfishes
functional kidney in most vertebrate embryos?
mesonephros
functional kidney in larval amniotes?
mesonephros
Primitive nephrons of freshwater teleosts have what components?
large renal corpuscle and mesonephros
If the proneprhos does not develop which one of these also does not develop? A. mesonephric duct B. mesonephric kidney C. metonephric kidney D. All fo the above
all of the above
Which of the following is the functional kidney in larval fishes and amphibians, and adult primitive fishes?-
pronephros
The metanephric diverticulum found in the metanephros is derived from what?–
partial
evagination of the mesonephric duct
Lack of the SRY gene causes which of the following to occur?-
formation of the ovaries
What does the paramesonephric/Mullerian duct and the absence of the SRY gene give rise to, also Mullerian ducts degenerate in males?-
oviducts
which layer forms ovary?
outer cortex
If you have maximal fusion of the distal end of the Mullarian, what do you form?-
Simplex
uterus
Which of the following conveys sperm from the interior to the exterior?-
Rete cords
Genital swelling results in formation of what?
scrotum - males
labium majora - females
The 6th pair of aortic arches are associated with:
pulmonary system in tetrapods
Pleurodont teeth style:
sides of jawbones, no sockets, some lizzards
Acrodont:
no sockets, reptiles
Gizzard:
grinding of grain, birds
Pseudobranch:
receives oxygenated rather than deoxygenated blood
holobranch:
gill septum with gill lamellae on sides
Hepatic portal vein becomes:
right vitelline vein
Genital folds form what in males/females
THe more medial paired genital fold will fuse in the male to form the shaft of penis, remains unfused in female to form labia minora
The genital tubercle forms:
glans penis in male, and clitoris in female
marsupials, rodents and bats have what type of uterus?
duplex uterus: two separate chambers, each may open into separate vagina.
Embryos develop where:
cornua
Outer to inner layers of gut tube:
serosa Longitudinal Smooth m layer Myenteric plexus (of auerbach) Circular smooth muscle Meissner's plexus submucosa Mucosa
cingulum
accessory ridge of enamel around the margins of the cheek teeth
style
vertical ridge around the margin of a cheek teeth
In ray fins: Optic vesicles become retinas of the eye and become associated with
diencephalon
habenulae associated with:
olfaction, and reflex associated with odors
Olfactory tract and bulbs develop as:
anterior extensions from the floor of the telencephalon
Which CN innervates the muscles of mastication?
CN V
