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Bakken Comp Anat > Final Comparative Anatomy > Flashcards

Final Comparative Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following groups of fishes would be expected to have a swim bladder?
A. Sharks
B. Open Water Swimming Teleosts
C. Bottom dwellers
Lung fishes
A

B. Open Water Swimming Teleosts

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2
Q

Bidder’s Organ found in which organism, and what is it?

A

Male frog, ovary

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3
Q 
The SCM and trapezius in mammals are innervated by which of the following nerves 
	A. CN V
	B. CN IX
	C. CN X
        D. CN XI
A

CN XI: Spinal Accessory

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4
Q

Which of the following descriptions best describes postganglionic neurons?

A. Myelinated with cell bodies located in gray matter of ventral horns
B. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in gray matter of lateral hors
C. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia
D.Myelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia

A

C. Unmyelinated with cell bodies located in ganglia

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5
Q 
In the general organization of the CNS, motor paths could be mostly associated with which of the following areas?
A. Alar plates
B. Roof Plates
C. Basal Plates
D. Floor Plate
A

C. Basal Plates

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6
Q 
In the general organization of the CNS, sensory paths could be mostly associated with which of the following areas?
A. Alar plates
B. Roof Plates
C. Basal Plates
D. Floor Plate
A

A. Alar plates

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7
Q

Vagal lobes in the myelencephalon of teleosts are associated with which of the following functions?

a. Smell
b. Taste
c. Balance
    d. Equilibrium
A

b. Taste

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8
Q

The thalamus is a collection of nuclei which serve as relay stations for a variety of motor and sensory information. Which the following nuclei relay information to the visual cortex?

a. Mammillary bodies 
b. Medial geniculate bodies
c. Lateral geniculate bodies
    d. Suprachiasmatic nuclei
A

Lateral geniculate bodies

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9
Q

Corpora quadrigemina first appear in which of the following groups?

a. Lizards 
b. Snakes
c. Primates
    d. Ungulates
A

snakes

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10
Q

Which of the following groups would have the largest optic lobes relative to the overall size of the brain?

a. Mammals
b. Teleosts
c. Reptilians
   d. Birds
A

D. Birds

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11
Q 
In the developing mammalian heart, which of the following areas of the cardiac tubes has the fastest intrinsic rate of pulsation?

a. Left ventricle region
b. Right ventricle region
c. Future atrial region
d. Sinuous venosus
e. Left common cardinal region
A

d. Sinuous venosus

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12
Q

In crocodilians, the foramen of Panizzae connects which of the following pairs of vessels?

A. L and R aortic arches
B. R aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk
C. L aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk
D. L and R pulmonary trunks
E. L 4th aortic arch and left carotid arch

A

A. L and R aortic arches

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13
Q 
A completely subdivided atrium first appears win which of the following groups of vertebrates?
A. Sharks 
B. Lung fishes
C. Amphibians
D. Turtles
E.  Crocodilians
A

C. Amphibians

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14
Q 
Which of the following aortic branches are classified as lateral intersegmental branches?
a. Subclavians
b. Iliacs
c. External carotids
d. Renals
E. Hepatics
A

d. Renals

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15
Q 
Which of the following pairs of aortic arches is associated with the formation of internal carotids in tetrapods?

A.first
B. second
C. Third
D. Fourth
E. Fifith
F. Sixth
A

C. Third

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16
Q 
Which of the following pairs of aortic arches is lost in all extant adult vertebrates?

A.first
B. second
C. Third
D. Fourth
E. Fifth
F. Sixth
A

A. first

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17
Q

Which new pair of veins form the renal portal system?

A

Posterior Cardinal veins (CORRECTED AS PER DR.A’s REVIEW)

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18
Q

In mammalian embryos a patent ductus arteriosus connects which of the following vessels?

A

Left fourth aortic arch and the sixth aortic arch

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19
Q

What are associated with the semilunar valves, slowest intrinsic rate?

A

conus arterioisus

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20
Q

In a turtle’s heart, when oxygenated blood is pumped into the L ventricle, where is it
shunted?-

A

cavum venosum

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21
Q

Which structures in a fetal heart are used to bypass the lungs?-

A 
ductus arterious and
foramen ovale (2 of 3 choices)
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22
Q

A completely subdivided atrium first appears in which of the following groups?-

A

amphibians

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23
Q

Which vertebrate has lungs but mostly uses skin for gas exchange?

A

amphibians

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24
Q

Hemibranch is which of the following?-

A

the septum is covered only on one side by gill Lamelle

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25
Q

In Actinoptyergin, the pneumatic duct comes off which part of the pharynx?

A

The ventral

floor of the pharynx

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26
Q

Which of these is most likely to have a swim bladder?

A

open water teleosts

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27
Q

What supplies the entire lung?

A

primary bronchus

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28
Q

What supplies the lobes of the lungs?

A

secondary bronchus

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29
Q

What supplies the lobules?

A

tertiary bronchus

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30
Q

Which of the following best describes post ganglionic neurons?-

A

unmyelinated with cell bodies in ganglia

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31
Q

What is an aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in the CNS?

A

nucleus

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32
Q

What mylenates axons of the CNS?

A

oligodendrocytes

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33
Q

what mylenates axons in the PNS?

A

Schwann Cells

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34
Q

The 3r d ventricle is a derivative of the lumen of which part of the pentapartate brain?-

A

diencephalon

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35
Q

In the general organization of the central nervous system motor paths would be mostly associated with which of the following areas?

A
  • basal plates
36
Q

In the general organization of the central nervous system sensory paths would be mostly associated with which of the following areas?

A
  • alar plates
37
Q

Optic lobes are a derivative from the roof of which part of the pentapartae brain?-

A

mesencephalon

38
Q

The thalamus is the collection of nuclei which serve as relay stations for a variety of motor and sensory nuclei. Which if the following nuclei relay info into the visual cortex?-

A

lateral geniculate body

39
Q

Which of the following regulates the ANS and regulates the gonads and pituitary glands via neurohormones?-

A

hypothalamus

40
Q

corpora quadregemina first appears in which group?

A

snakes

41
Q

Which of the following groups have the largest optic lobes relative to the overall size of the
brain?

A

birds

42
Q

Which of the following is the original cephalic boundary of the neural tube?-

A

lamina

terminalis of the mesencephalon

43
Q

Vagal lobes in the myencephalon of teleosts are associated with which of the following?-

A

taste

44
Q

Edinger Westfall nucleus

A

pre ganglionic go from here to the ciliary ganglion to the sphincter pupillae- part of the GVM)

45
Q

The sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius in mammals are innervated by which of the following nerves?-

A

CN XI

46
Q

In the general organization of the central nervous system motor paths would be mostly
associated with which of the following areas?

A

basal plates

47
Q

What is the right order from inner to outer of the gut tube?

A

submucosa, circular muscle layer, longitudinal muscle layer, and serosa

48
Q

What part of the gut is the serosa replaced with adventitia?

A

esophagus

49
Q

what is used to store seeds and grain

A

crop

50
Q

What uses a spiral valve (increase SA for absorption without increasing length of the intestine for absorption) for digestive system?-

A

shark

51
Q

Which of these has the thecodont dentition?

A

crocodilians

52
Q

A zero in the dental formula is called:

A

diastema

53
Q

what animal does not have canines?

A

SQUIRREL!

54
Q

Proper occlusion occurs when which of these occurs?

A

The protocone of the corresponding upper molar bites into the talonid of the lower molar

55
Q

Ammonotelic organisms?

A

fresh water teleosts and lungfishes

56
Q

functional kidney in most vertebrate embryos?

A

mesonephros

57
Q

functional kidney in larval amniotes?

A

mesonephros

58
Q

Primitive nephrons of freshwater teleosts have what components?

A

large renal corpuscle and mesonephros

59
Q 
If the proneprhos does not develop which one of these also does not develop?
A. mesonephric duct
B. mesonephric kidney
C. metonephric kidney
D. All fo the above
A

all of the above

60
Q

Which of the following is the functional kidney in larval fishes and amphibians, and adult primitive fishes?-

A

pronephros

61
Q

The metanephric diverticulum found in the metanephros is derived from what?–

A

partial

evagination of the mesonephric duct

62
Q

Lack of the SRY gene causes which of the following to occur?-

A

formation of the ovaries

63
Q

What does the paramesonephric/Mullerian duct and the absence of the SRY gene give rise to, also Mullerian ducts degenerate in males?-

A

oviducts

64
Q

which layer forms ovary?

A

outer cortex

65
Q

If you have maximal fusion of the distal end of the Mullarian, what do you form?-

A

Simplex

uterus

66
Q

Which of the following conveys sperm from the interior to the exterior?-

A

Rete cords

67
Q

Genital swelling results in formation of what?

A

scrotum - males

labium majora - females

68
Q

The 6th pair of aortic arches are associated with:

A

pulmonary system in tetrapods

69
Q

Pleurodont teeth style:

A

sides of jawbones, no sockets, some lizzards

70
Q

Acrodont:

A

no sockets, reptiles

71
Q

Gizzard:

A

grinding of grain, birds

72
Q

Pseudobranch:

A

receives oxygenated rather than deoxygenated blood

73
Q

holobranch:

A

gill septum with gill lamellae on sides

74
Q

Hepatic portal vein becomes:

A

right vitelline vein

75
Q

Genital folds form what in males/females

A

THe more medial paired genital fold will fuse in the male to form the shaft of penis, remains unfused in female to form labia minora

76
Q

The genital tubercle forms:

A

glans penis in male, and clitoris in female

77
Q

marsupials, rodents and bats have what type of uterus?

A

duplex uterus: two separate chambers, each may open into separate vagina.

78
Q

Embryos develop where:

A

cornua

79
Q

Outer to inner layers of gut tube:

A 
serosa
Longitudinal Smooth m layer
Myenteric plexus (of auerbach)
Circular smooth muscle 
Meissner's plexus
submucosa
Mucosa
80
Q

cingulum

A

accessory ridge of enamel around the margins of the cheek teeth

81
Q

style

A

vertical ridge around the margin of a cheek teeth

82
Q

In ray fins: Optic vesicles become retinas of the eye and become associated with

A

diencephalon

83
Q

habenulae associated with:

A

olfaction, and reflex associated with odors

84
Q

Olfactory tract and bulbs develop as:

A

anterior extensions from the floor of the telencephalon

85
Q

Which CN innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

CN V

Bakken Comp Anat (6 decks)

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