Final: Chapters 12-14 Flashcards
What is groupthink?
People place more importance on group coherence then facts of the problem/individual’s opinion.
What are the compliance techniques?
Foot in the door, door in the face, lowball, that’s not all.
Define compliance:
Changing ones behavior because you were asked to.
Define conformity:
Changing ones behavior to match that of other people.
What is social facilitation?
If task is perceived as easy, the presence of others improves performance.
What is social impairment?
If task is difficult, the presence of others negatively affects performance.
What is social loafing?
Tendency to put in less effort in a group, stems from deindividualization.
Occurs less in collective cultures. Women are less likely to loaf.
What are the components of attitude?
Affective, behavioral, cognitive. (Feel, act, think).
How can attitudes be formed?
Direct contact(tried and did not like), direct instruction (told it was bad), interaction with others (your friends think its bad), vicarious conditioning (you observe someone else’s reaction to it).
What is cognitive dissonance?
Sense of discomfort when behavior conflicts with attitude or cognitions.
What is the “insufficient justification effect”?
Making something worth more in your mind (form new attitude) to justify doing it.
Define attitudes:
Learned response to something that influences your opinions about it. Beliefs, biases…
What is impression formation?
Primacy-the first impression, and social categorization (first gender, then race).
What is the implicit personality theory?
How we build expectations about a person after we know something of their central traits.
What was Asch’s study?
Study of conformity with matching lines. Subjects conformed over 1/3, and 3/4 conformed at least once.
What is the situational and dispositional theory?
Situational bases behavior off of situation, dispositional bases behavior off of character of the person.
What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?
Placing too much emphasis on dispositional attribution, more common in individualistic societies.
What is the realistic conflict theory?
Prejudice and discrimination increases as conflict between in/out groups increases, usually in competition for something; land, jobs.
What is the social identity theory?
Prejudice and discrimination stems from social categorization, social identity, and social comparison.
What is stereotype vulnerability/threat?
Being aware of a stereotype and trying to avoid it/anxiety caused by knowing a stereotype could be at play.
What are the rules of attraction?
Attractiveness, proximity, similarity, reciprocal liking.
What are the components of love?
Intimacy, passion, commitment.
What is altruism?
Helping someone with no expectation of reward and without fear for personal safety.
What kind of people are most likely to join a cult?
Young, upper/middle class people, stressed, unhappy, lonely, dependent, idealistic, want to belong.
