Final Bold Words

Question 1

Persuasion

Answer 1

the process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people’s beliefs or actions

Question 2

Target Audience

Answer 2

portion of whole audience you want to persuade

Question 3

Speech to gain passive agreement

Answer 3

desirable - no action

Question 4

Speech to gain immediate action

Answer 4

desirable - take action

Question 5

need

Answer 5

first issue in question of policy - need to change?

Question 6

plan

Answer 6

second issue in policy - do you have a plan to solve it?

Question 7

practicality

Answer 7

third issue in policy - will the plan solve the problem?

Question 8

comparative advantages order

Answer 8

persuasive - each main point explains why solution is preferable to other ones

Question 9

Monroe’s motivated sequence

Answer 9

A method of organizing persuasive speeches that seek immediate action. The five steps are attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.

Question 10

ethos

Answer 10

credibility

Question 11

credibility

Answer 11

the audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic. Two major factors: competence and character.

Question 12

initial credibility

Answer 12

credibility before speech

Question 13

derived credibility

Answer 13

credibility produced by everything in the speech

Question 14

terminal credibility

Answer 14

credibility at end of speech

Question 15

creating common ground

Answer 15

speaker connects with values, attitudes, or experiences of audience

Question 16

evidence

Answer 16

supporting materials used to prove or disprove something

Question 17

logos

Answer 17

logical appeal; two elements - evidence and reasoning

Question 18

reasoning

Answer 18

the process of drawing a conclusion on the basis of evidence

Question 19

reasoning from specific instances

Answer 19

facts to conclusion

Question 20

reasoning from principle

Answer 20

general principle to specific conclusion

Question 21

causal reasoning

Answer 21

establish relationship between causes and effects

Question 22

analogical reasoning

Answer 22

compare two similar cases, infer what is true for first is true for second

Question 23

fallacy

Answer 23

error in reasoning

Question 24

invalid analogy

Answer 24

fallacy - analogy where two cases are not alike

Question 25

ad hominem

Answer 25

fallacy - attacks person rather than issue

Question 26

either-or

Answer 26

fallacy - forced two alternatives when more exist

Question 27

appeal to novelty

Answer 27

fallacy - new is better

Question 28

pathos

Answer 28

emotional appeal