Final Art Exam Flashcards
Dipylon Krater
Funerary vessel, from Dipylon Cemetery. Part of the geometric style. Narrative, inside was offering for mourning. Was a grave marker, funerary rituals recorded in two bands/registers.
Kouros
“Youth”, young man, nude. Archaic
3 Orders of Ancient Greek Architecture
Doric, ionic, Corinthian
4 main periods/styles of Ancient Greek art
1) Geometric 900-700bc
2) Archaic 600-480bc
3) Classical:
- Early: 480-450 bce
- High: 450-400 bce
- Late: 400-323 bce
4)Hellenistic 331-323 bce
Contrappasto
Counter positioning/Counter balance Way to articulate figure so it looks natural. Originated in Classical Period.
Parthenon
High classical. Would have large statues in Cella. In bad shape due to natural disaster and area invaded.
The Elgin Marbles
High Classical. Wet drapery technique. We’re supposed to be in Pediment of Parthenon. Was removed from Parthenon by British ambassador. Took them and sold once he became bankrupt.
Three goddesses part of Elgin Marbles, which use Wet Drapery technique.
Spear Bearer (Doryphoros)
Classical due to restrained facial expressions. Demonstrates contrappasto at legs.
Aphrodite of Melos
Hellenistic. Also known as Venus de Milo. Over exaggerated in midsection.
Market Woman
Hellenistic, high drama. Indicates pathos. 1st Century CE.
Nike of Samothrace
Hellenistic. Clear movement in sculpture, fragmentary. Circa 180 bce.
Dying Gallic Trumpeter
Hellenistic. Shows pathos and emotions. Brings hero down to our level.
She-Wolf
Etruscan art. Figures of people added much later in 15-16th century. Metaphor for Romans nourishing off Etruscans, metaphor for how Rome created their culture. C. 500 bce
Atrium
Room with small shallow indoor pool for drinking cooking and bathing, fed by rainwater through roof.
Stucco
Slow drying plaster easily modeled or molded
Sarcophagi
Large carved tomb chest
Engaged columns
Columns that are attached to walls.
Aqueduct
Trough to carry flowing water
Voussoirs
Oblong wedge-shaped stone blocks used to build arches
Barrel vault
An elongated or continuous semicircular vault shaped like a half cylinder
Groin vault
Created by the intersection of two barrel vaults of equal size, creating four compartments of identical size and shape
Buttress
Architectural support built against an exterior wall to brace the wall and canter the thrust of the vaults
Oculus
A circular opening at top of dome either open to the sky or covered by an exterior lantern
Verism
An interest in the faithful reproduction f the immediate visual and tactile appearance of subjects. Distinctly Roman.
Catacombs
Underground burial chamber. Earliest Christian art came from Catacombs
Nave
The central aisle of a basilica
Apse
A Large semicircular or polygonal Niche protruding from the end wall of a building
3 forms of decoration in Islamic Religious art
Writing - Kufic script
Geometric pattern
Floral patterns - vegetal
Kufic
Formal script is Block and angular strong upright strokes and long horizontals Foliated knife has Leaves and flowers appear to sprout from letters Aimated scripts Created first by adding heads to upright strokes later by forming entire letters from figures. Named after kufa the city In iraq used for inscriptions on buildings metal, wooden objects textiles writing and ink on paper or Vellum
Tugra
Imperial cipher developed into a calligraphic art form by the ottomans
Mosque
Building used for communal Muslim worship
Minaret
Associated with Islamic art and architecture. Tower from which criers call the faithful to prayer.
Great Mosque At Cordoba
Begun in 785. Located in spanish city of Cordoba. Has voussoirs.
Tympanum
semi-circular area over a door enclosed by an arch and a lintel, often decorated with sculpture or mosaic
Romanesque
Art from the mid eleventh through 12th century. Drew on many artistic traditions. First truly transeuropean movement in art history world.
Millefiori
Italian for “a thousand flowers”, a blue checkered glass cut into precisely shaped geometric shapes, or in stylized animal form, sometimes called ‘animal style’.
Hinged Clasp from Sutton Hoo burial has this.
Transept
Arm of a cruciform church, perpendicular to the nave. Gray area in picture is this:
Parchment
Writing surface made from treated skins of animals. Very fine parchment is called vellum.
Iconoclasm
The banning or destruction of icons and religious imagery. Image breaking.
Scriptorium
A room in a monastery for writing or copying manuscripts.
Colophon
Notes on the books production at the end of a manuscript.
Codex
A book or group of manuscript pages, held together by stitching or binding on one side.
Kore
“maiden”, clothed. Archaic
Head of Constatine
From Basilica of Maxentius. 325-326 ce.
Book of Kells
Most well known of surviving Hiberno-Saxon gospels. Made in Iona off coast of Scotland. Chi Rho Page gospel of Matthew, accounting Jesus’ birth, using letters Chi Rho and Iota. 185 calves slaughtered to make vellum, colors for some of the illumination came from Afghanistan.
Book of Durrow
Earliest example of Hiberno-Saxon gospel books. Stylization of figures as well as interlacing. Pattern and surface decoration. Man (Symbol of Matthew) meant to symbolize instead of portraying. Interlacing around border.
Hagia Sophia
Main Church of Constatine. Istanbul, Turkey. Four minarets built to surround it. Now a Mosque. Stands for “Holy Wisdom” Dome covered in mosaics.
Sutton Hoo
Early 7th century burial grond, famous for contributing artifacts from several culture. Grave and occupant still unidentified. Ocupant was buried in an 86 foot long ship. Held weapons, armor and luxery items. Suffolk, England. Hinged clasp found here.
