Final (Add to Test 2 and 3 Review Decks) Flashcards
What is the origin and insertion of the teres major?
inferior angle of scapula, bicipital groove of the humerus (medial)
The group of muscles that form the “fleshy pad” on the radial side of the palm are called:
thenar eminence
The two arches of the feet are:
longitudinal arch and transverse arch
What are the two primary movers for ankle dorsiflexion?
tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
What are the actions of the upper and lower parts of the trapezius?
depression and elevation
What is the action of the pronator quadratus?
pronation
What are the two prime movers for ankle plantarflexion?
gastrocnemius and soleus
What is the longest muscle of the body and most superficial thigh muscle that forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?
sartorius
What is the name of the muscle that is the strongest dorsiflexor of the ankle and enables the toes to clear the ground during ambulation? (Injury to this muscle can cause foot drop as well as shin splints.)
tibialis anterior
What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?
ulnar nerve
The strongest hip flexor is the ______.
iliopsoas
The intrinsic muscles of the hand are controlled (innervated) by the ______.
median and ulnar nerve
The muscle(s) that originates on the transverse process of the cervical vertebrae and inserts on the upper two ribs with the primary purpose of flexing and rotating the neck as well as assisting in inspiration
scalenes
The anterior forearm is innervated by the _____ nerve, with the exception of the FCU.
median
The interossei are innervated by the:
ulnar nerve
What nerve innervates the flexor digitorum superficialis?
median nerve
The flexor muscles of the forearm originate on the:
medial epicondyle
The hypothenar eminence is innervated by the ______.
ulnar nerve
What muscle originates on the upper 8 ribs, inserts at the medial border of the scapula, abducts, and laterally rotates the scapula?
serratus anterior
What is the action of the subscapularis?
medial rotation
What are the prime movers for the hip (femur) flexion?
pectineus and psoas major and illiacus
The gluteus minimus and medius insert at the _______.
greater trochanter of femur
The dorsum of the hand is innervated by the _____ nerve.
radial
The three prime hip (femur) adductors generally insert on the ________.
linea aspera of the femur
What is the only muscle in the quadriceps group that contributes to action of the hip (femur)?
rectus femoris
What nerve innervates the dorsal interossei?
ulnar nerve
What is the origin and insertion of the deltoid?
deltoid tuberosity of humerus and lateral third of clavicle
The thenar muscles are innervated by the:
median and ulnar nerve
What are the actions of the rhomboid major?
medial (downward) rotation of the scapula and adduction (retraction)
The extensor muscles of the forearm originate in the:
lateral epicondyle
The muscles that make up the thenar eminence include:
flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis
What are the two prime movers for foot eversion?
fibularis longus and fibularis tertius
What ligament of the knee provides anterior stability and is a place for a common knee injury?
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
What is the action of the supinator?
supination of the forearm
The muscles that make up the hypothenar eminence include:
flexor digiti minimi brevis, abductor digiti minimi, and opponens digiti minimi
Increased heart rate during exercise is an example of which concept in therapeutic exercise?
Intensity
Therapeutic exercise can be incorporated in which phase of recovery? A. Healing phase B. Improvement C. Inflammatory response D. Both a and b
D. Both a and b
Which muscle contraction occurs when a muscle lengthens as it contracts?
Eccentric contraction
Which statement is true?
A. Velocity increases with eccentric contractions
B. Velocity increases with concentric contractions
C. Velocity increases with isometric contractions
D. Maximal force at high velocities is advantageous
B. Velocity increases with concentric contractions
Suzie is in therapy to regain shoulder range of motion (ROM) after a total shoulder arthroplasty. Where is Suzie in the continuum of function?
Impaired function/Rehabilitation
Which statement of static stretching is true?
A. Passive range of motion (PROM) below the threshold of pain sustained 20 to 30 seconds
B. Active range of motion (AROM) below the threshold of pain sustained 20 to 30 seconds
C. PROM below the threshold of pain more than 20 to 30 seconds
D. AROM below the threshold of pain more than 20 to 30 seconds
A. Passive range of motion (PROM) below the threshold of pain sustained 20 to 30 seconds
Maximal force generation occurs in what type of muscle contraction?
Eccentric contractions
A client decided not to use mouthwash after brushing his teeth as he thought his teeth were clean enough. Which aspect of function BEST describes this statement? A. Functional abilities B. Ability to complete a task C. To achieve occupations as desired D. Social context
C. To achieve occupations as desired
Which phase of the healing process occurs directly after injury?
B. Inflammation
What should the first goal of the rehabilitation process address?
Pain and swelling
The occupational therapy assistant is working with a client who displays difficulty with wheelchair propulsion. What is most likely the problem with the ability to propel the wheelchair?
seat width too wide
Signs and symptoms of which condition include fatigue, joint pain, inflammation, edema, warmth, and redness?
rheumatoid arthritis
T/F: Intrinsic hand muscles cross the wrist but have a more significant function.
false
T/F: The occupational therapy assistant can instruct standing balance and transfer training to a client.
true
What is the goniometric landmark for hip flexion?
lateral aspect of the greater trochanter
T/F: The living room is considered an open environment.
False
What type of lift utilizes the longest and strongest muscles possible for the task?
diagonal lift
T/F: Boutonniere deformity describes a digit that is flexed at the PIP and hyperextended at the DIP.
True
T/F: Functional ability is considered an activity of daily living (ADL).
False
What is the proper name for pelvic rotation when the right ASIS landmark is anterior to the left ASIS landmark?
forward pelvic rotation
T/F: Thumb opposition is a combination of thumb flexion and abduction.
True
T/F: Carrying clothes to the bathroom to get dressed requires multiple motor skills.
True
T/F: Occupation therapy usually provides the direct treatment for foot drop.
False
What is the goniometric landmark for ankle dorsiflexion?
Over the lateral malleolus
T/F: The functional position of the hand is wrist extended 20 degrees, fingers slightly extended, and thumb in opposition.
False
T/F: Typically, the physical therapist will tell the occupational therapy assistant which type of transfer is needed.
False
What is the goniometric landmark for hip adduction?
Over the ASIS
What motion occurs when the ASIS landmarks are posterior to the pubic symphysis?
posterior pelvic tilt
T/F: Open environments are more predictable environments.
False
The occupational therapy assistant is using an orthotic in therapy. What is the occupational therapy assistant most likely NOT trying to achieve?
a. provide rest or support
b. increase function
c. increase range of motion
d. maintain abnormal muscle tone
d. maintain abnormal muscle tone
Which digit can abduct in either direction?
Third
How does the OTPF-3 categorize functional mobility?
ADL
Small finger intrinsic movements include all of the following except:
- opposition
- extension
- abduction
extension
Johnny is learning to alternate heavy tasks and light tasks to be able to complete his ADL tasks in a timely fashion each morning. What is Johnny learning?
energy conservation
T/F: The ulnar nerve is known as the “nerve of function” for the hand.
False
What joint motion is impaired by foot drop?
ankle dorsiflexion
Johnny is learning the proper foundation of sliding board transfers so as to assist his wife to transfer to the wheelchair or commode. What is Johnny learning?
body mechanics
Splints are considered what type of lever?
First class
T/F: Pronation of the ankle is a combined active motion of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction.
True
T/F: The PIP joints of the fingers are commonly called the knuckles.
False
T/F: In anterior pelvic tilt, the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) move downwards and forwards.
True
The thumb has three joints, which is not a joint of the thumb?
- MCP
- CMC
- PIP
- IP
PIP
Johnny has just started therapy to relearn motor skills that became impaired after breaking his fourth and fifth metacarpal bones when he punched a brick wall. The therapist will most likely choose which type of skill and environment to begin therapy?
closed skill/closed environment
The occupational therapy assistant is working with a client to increase independence with bed mobility starting from supine in the bed. Which functional mobility will the client most likely initiate first?
rolling
T/F: Transferring to a bathtub may be best achieved with a tub transfer bench or chair because it removes the possibility of tripping while stepping into the tub.
True
What is the goniometric landmark for knee flexion?
lateral epicondyle of the femur
T/F: The spine in neutral alignment is an example of good body mechanics.
True
T/F: Gait patterns and walking patterns have the same meaning.
True
T/F: Functional mobility for bathing only relates to tub and shower transfers.
False
T/F: When the thumb moves toward the ceiling with the hand facing palm up, the movement is referred to as palmar abduction.
True
Swing phase accounts for how much of the gait cycle?
40%
Swan neck deformity describes fingers that are:
hyperextended at the PIP and flexed at the DIP
Pincer grasp is typically developed at what age?
9 to 12 months
T/F: Motor skills are an example of client factors.
False
T/F: Most ADL’s require elements of functional mobility.
True
What is the goniometric landmark for hip internal rotation?
over the midpoint of the patella
Johnny has experienced a bilateral below-the-knee amputation due to a motor vehicle accident. Johnny has learned to regain his mobility to interact with his environment using a lightweight wheelchair. This is an example of what?
assistive technology
T/F: A soft wrist cock-up splint applies force to the wrist when applied.
True
What is NOT a treatment for edema?
- elevation
- cardiovascular exercise
- movement
- hot packs
hot packs
What is the typical distance between the feet during ambulation?
2 to 4 inches
T/F: Posterior pelvic tilt is a component of good body mechanics.
False
T/F: Supination of the ankle is a combined active motion of plantarflexion and inversion only.
False
What is the most important function of the hand?
opposition
T/F: A posterior pelvic tilt is needed during sitting to enable the trunk to accomplish normal reaching.
False
T/F: A standard wheelchair is typically 22 to 24 inches wide.
False
T/F: Dorsiflexion occurs when the client puts his or her foot into the pant legs during lower extremity dressing.
False
Which condition is associated with a Stenar lesion?
- Skier’s thumb
- Dupuytren’s disease
- Trigger finger
- Tendinitis
Skier’s thumb
T/F: It is important for an individual with weak lower extremities, poor balance, and decreased endurance to continue to complete tasks such as stepping into a bathtub and standing to shower in order to increase independence with functional tasks.
False
T/F: Lifting with a straight back reduces pressure on the back by up to 25%.
True
What is the best functional task that requires opposition?
- writing
- holding a soda can
- gripping a baseball
- wiping a table
writing
Which joint only abducts at the MCP and does not adduct?
third digit
T/F: The PIP joints are closer to the fingertips than the DIP joints.
False
Stance phase accounts for how much of the gait cycle?
60%
