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1- PolSci 1200: Government > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe Active Positive

A

Adaptive- scientific in their approach to problems, like to analyze (FDR, H. Truman, JFK, G. Ford). Most desirable

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2
Q

Describe Active Negative

A

Compulsive- will not admit they made mistakes, very active, engage in behaviors that destroy them politically (Nixon, LBJ, A. Lincoln). Most desirable

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3
Q

Describe Positive Passive

A

Compliant- seem to be optimistic, but have insecurities. They want to be liked. They are dangerous. Sometimes they allow problems to continue b/c they don’t want to be in conflict with other people. (Ronald Reagan)

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4
Q

Describe Negative Passive

A

Withdrawn- don’t like politics, have a sense of duty. Not necessary bad presidents. Military people (something in their backgrounds that propel them to service) (C. Coolidge, D. Eisenhower, G. Washington)

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5
Q

Describe Elite model

A

Popularized in the 1950s with the book “the power elite” C Wright Mills
American Elites numbering in the thousand form self perpetuating groups (attend the that control ownerships of major corporations (presidents tend to attend the same schools, be from the same denominations).
Ideas and policies are said to be shaped from the top (elite) down. The own media, corporations, and control “think tanks” (policy planning groups)

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6
Q

Governments could pursue whatever policies they wanted within their own borders

A

National sovereignty doctrine

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7
Q

Differentiate between Hobbes and Locke. (Books, theories, primary purpose of government)

A

Hobbes wrote Leviathan, Locke wrote Two Treatises on Government
Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both wrote about a State of Nature, where there was an absence of government, police, etc.
According to Hobbes, the state of nature is dangerous. People would want to leave to establish order.
According to Locke, it isn’t so bad, people were mostly good. People would want to leave because of property and trade.

People would subscribe to a Social contract to escape a State of Nature. Citizens would transfer all political rights to a king in order to gain security. They would have the ability to lead their private life as they saw fit. It would be irrational for the king to harm those that are inside the new political structure. You would be released from the social contract if the King came after you (Ex: for violation of a rule).

The primary purpose of government according to Hobbes is to ensure survival. The primary purpose of government according to Locke is to protect property

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8
Q

What did Montesquieu come up with

A

The separation of powers

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9
Q

Describe Pluralism

A

Gets the most attention by political scientists
In some ways a “takeoff” of elitism (pluralism meaning many elites)
There is no single group, there are people with wealth and influence but there are many elites
Many interest groups with varying power. Competition between them determines public policy

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10
Q

Describe Social contract theory

A

People would subscribe to a Social contract to escape a State of Nature. Citizens would transfer all political rights to a king in order to gain security. They would have the ability to lead their private life as they saw fit. It would be irrational for the king to harm those that are inside the new political structure. You would be released from the social contract if the King came after you (Ex: for violation of a rule).

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11
Q

Who wrote The Power Elite?

A

C Wright Mills

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12
Q

What is Majoritarianism?

A

Giving more political power to the hands of the public

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13
Q

What are the three majoritarian politics?

A

Initiative, Referendum, Recall

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14
Q

What is an initiative?

A

petitions circulated
St. Louis county thing
Put on ballot if enough signatures were gathered
Proposed statutes or constitutional amendments
Takes money to have initiatives on the ballot

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15
Q

What is a referendum?

A

State legislature says “we don’t want to deal w. this issue (bc too constitutional) and pass it off to voters

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16
Q

What is a recall?

A

Voters are given a chance to remove a person from office before their time is expired

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17
Q

What are the three themes of the book?

A

Equality, Freedom, Order

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18
Q

What type of election is most common?

A

Maintaining

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19
Q

What type of election happens on a cyclical basis and establishes a new majority party?

A

Realigning

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20
Q

What type of election is where the minority party is elected?

A

Deviating

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21
Q

What type of election is where it’s still the same majority party, but they changed fundamentally?

A

Converting

22
Q

What is the Circle of Humanity?

A

The use of concentric circles to describe our personal worlds. The first one encircles the self; the next takes in the immediate family; then the extended family; and then neighbors, town and country dwellers, and so on.

23
Q

What is Cosmopolitanism?

A

The necessary cultural envelope for the cultivation of transnational obligations of care and respect- being a citizen of the world, implies global awareness and ethic

24
Q

Who led to the Clear and Present Danger Test?

A

Charles Schenck

25
Q

What happened to Charles Schenck?

A

WWI - passing out leaflets that urged young men not to obey the draft. He was charged and convicted under a newly passed law that made it a crime to criticize a whole bunch of american shit. This led to the development up a Clear and Present Danger Test or “Fire Analogy”- no one has the right to go to a crowded theatre and yell “Fire”. Supreme Court upheld the conviction against Schenck.

26
Q

Who led to the bill of rights application to the states?

A

Benjamin Gitlow

27
Q

What happened to Benjamin Gitlow?

A

The first time that the supreme court applied the idea that the bill of rights applied to the states was in the case of Benjamin Gitlow, a left wing activist that was passing out subversive literature. The supreme court upheld the conviction under the laws of new york. Never before had the supreme court dealt with free speech at the state level. In the decades later, the supreme court gradually applied the bill of rights to the states.

28
Q

Who led to the ruling of a right to counsel?

A

Clarence Gideon

29
Q

What happened to Clarence Gideon

A

Gideon vs Wainwright 63
“In manner of a pauper” - poor person
Filed his appeal on notebook paper.
Ruled that there was a right to counsel (a lawyer)

30
Q

Who led to the required information of your rights when you are arrested?

A

Ernesto Miranda

31
Q

What court case declared daily prayer reading to be unconstitutional?

A

Engle vs Vitale

32
Q

Describe the court case of Engle vs Vitale

A

60s was a period of immense change. in 1962 a key court case was handed down in Engle vs Vitale 1962 that declared the daily prayer reading to be unconstitutional.

33
Q

The right to speak out is the most important right available to society

A

Preferred Position

34
Q

City should have clear procedures in place to determine whether a permit should be granted

A

Clarity

35
Q

A city cannot favor the wishes of their citizens over the people who want to protest

A

Neutrality

36
Q

Cities cannot use the claim that violence may result as a way to prevent demonstrations.
-Supreme Court cannot use the fire analogy anymore, they now use Preferred position

A

Least Restrictive Means

37
Q

Describe the Chaplinsky case

A

Chaplinsky case 1942: A public figure was called a damn fascist by him. Mr. Chaplinsky speech was not protected by the first amendment since they were called “fighting words” and “did not convey any ideas”.

38
Q

Who wrote “Did 6 million really die”?

A

Ernst Zundel

39
Q

What happened to Ernst Zundel?

A

Ernst Zundel- did 6 million really die?
media didn’t know how to report it, so they presented certain things as factual when they weren’t (their experts weren’t experts)
Zundel got 15 months and 3 years probation. Trial lasted 39 days and was appealed. The court changed the proceedings and they brought it down to 9 months. Convicted under the false news law (that he knew it was false and would cause injury or mischief). He was eventually acquitted and the C supreme court called the false news law unconstitutional

40
Q

Who was a journalist that said there was too much influence on the jews?

A

Doug Collins

41
Q

What happened to Doug Collins?

A

Doug collins was a journalist for north shore news that said that there was too much influence on the jews. He singled out Schlinders list as Shwindlers list. Courts looked at a pattern of his writing, and he was ordered to stop publishing those stories. He was giving a $2000 fine. The first time the canadian government stopped publication.

42
Q

Do not offend others as you would not wish to be offended.

A

Describe the Buddhism tradition

43
Q

Do unto others all that you would have them do unto you, because this is the sum of the law and of the prophets.

A

Describe the Christian tradition

44
Q

Is there a maxim that one ought to follow all his life? Surely the maxim of peaceful goodness. What we don’t want done to use we should not do to others

A

Describe the Confucian tradition

45
Q

All your duties are included in this: Do nothing to others that would pain you if it were done to you.

A

Describe the Hindu tradition

46
Q

Not one of you will be a true believer who does not wish for his brother the same that he wishes for himself

A

Describe the Islam tradition

47
Q

What you don’t wish for yourself do not wish for your neighbor.

A

Describe the Judaism tradition

48
Q

Hold as your own the gains of your neighbor and as yours his losses

A

Describe the Taoism tradition

49
Q

Describe the Bureaucratic model

A

Those who hold executive positions and are employed in government play a role in government (not talking about elected officials, talking specifically about employees who remain in their jobs when a new president takes office)

50
Q

Kennedy said there was a safe possibility of limited nuclear war. What is this idea called?

A

Flexible response

1- PolSci 1200: Government (7 decks)

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