Final

Question 1

Classical Age (18th Century)

Composers

• Haydn p521
• Hailed as the greatest composer alive at his time
• Exemplified the enlightenment in character
• Grandaddy called “father of the symphony” not because he invented it but because he set the pattern for later composers
  
  • High quality
  • Wide dissemination
  • Lasting appeal
• Composed on demand
• Died a rich man at seventy seven, still universally admired

Question 2

Composers

2) Mozart p541

• Art for Art’s sake
• Perfect pitch at 3, composing at 6, accomplished harpsichord player, could read at sight, harmonize melodies at first hearing, and improvise on a tune supplied to him.
• Quickly become the best pianist in Vienna
• Money troubles
• Composed “on spec”

Question 3

Classical Age (18th Century)

• Musical Example
• 1) HAYDN String Quartet in Eb major
• Style
  
  • Galant
• Form
  
  • Rounded binary form
• Instrumentation
  
  • string quartet
• Performance Context
  
  • Plays on the expectations of the audience; considered witty and humorous; does the opposite of what is expected

Question 4

Classical Age (18th Century)

• Musical Example
• 2) MOZART Piano Sonata F major
• Style
  
  • Songlike, tuneful, balanced phrases
  • Skill in using diverse styles is unparalleled
  • Hunting style
  • Sturm und Drang style
  • Loud and impassioned passage
• Form
  
  • Sonata
• Instrumentation
  
  • Piano
• Performance Context

Question 5

The 19th Century (Romantic Music)

• Composers
• 1) Wagner 684
• Leitmotives
• Chromatic harmony
• Had patrons
• Theater at Bayreuth
• German Nationalism
• Gesamtkunstwerk
• Total music

Question 6

The 19th Century (Romantic Music)

Composers

• 2) Beethoven 564
• Three periods
• Reactions to his different symphonies
• Pianist
• Took lessons from Haydn
• Heiligenstadt testament

Question 7

The 19th Century (Romantic Music)

• Musical Example
• 1) Tristan und Isolde
• Style
  
  • Chromatic harmony
  • Delayed resolutions, inexpressible yearning, evaded cadences
• Form
  
  • Prelude
• Instrumentation
  
  • Strings / Winds
• Performance Context

Question 8

The 19th Century (Romantic Music)

• Musical Example2) BEETHOVEN Piano Sonata C Minor 125
• Style
  
  • Emotional, pathos
• Form
  
  • Sonata
• Instrumentation
  
  • Piano
• Performance Context
  
  • Pathétique
    
    • Titles used Used for marketing of music
  • Dedicated to his patron and friend

Question 9

The Twentieth Century

• Composers1)
• Schoenberg 814
• The height of experimentation
• Atonal and twelve-tone music
• Worked at conservatory and had the support of other progressive musicians and composers but his work had varied receptions
• Expressionism
• Fled to the US to avoid anti-Semitism

Question 10

The Twentieth Century

• Composers
• 2) Duke Ellington 871
• American sound
• Harlem
• Most important composer of jazz to date
• Cotton Club to make recordings
• Won thirteen Grammy awards

Question 11

The Twentieth Century

Musical Example

• 1) SCHOENBERG Piano Suite PreludeStyle
  
  • Twelve tone music
  • Tetrachords
  • Stays in it’s own “key” even though it doesn’t have a key
• Form
  
  • Sonata
• Instrumentation
• Performance Context

Question 12

Musical Example

2) DUKE ELLINGTON Cotton TailStyle

• Jazz
• Form
  
  • Contrafact
    
    • a new tune composed over a harmonic progression borrowed from a particular song
  • A tune with a series of of choruses over the same progression
  • Solo riffs off chord progression but does vary or develop the tune
• Instrumentation
  
  • Band
• Performance Context
  
  • Night clubs