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Modern US History > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Yalta Conference

A

Feb. 1945.-the big three, Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin; laid groundwork for United Nations; four nations plan to divide Germany & Berlin based on occupation between US, Britain, France, and Russia

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2
Q

Truman

A

Takes over after FDR has a stroke and dies; gets ‘tough’; doesn’t like Soviets and Stalin

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3
Q

United Nations

A

1945; Soviet Union, Britain, France, US, China; act as a security council; made of 50 nations

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4
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Agree to division of Germany

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5
Q

Eastern Europe

A

Soviet troops have occupied after war time; “iron curtain”; people trapped in East Berlin

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6
Q

Iron Curtain

A

Winston Churchill said an Iron Curtain divided Europe

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7
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

policy-”to support free peoples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures;” U.S. afraid of the spread of communism; want to help Greece and Turkey

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8
Q

Marshall Plan

A

U.S. Sec. of State George Marshall-plan for economic recovery offered to all of Europe; completely heals Western Europe; Societs and Eastern Europe rejects this

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9
Q

The Containment Theory

A

theory about containing communism; glass over a spider

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10
Q

Expansion of Selective Service

A

to maintain near wartime levels.

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11
Q

Divided Germany

A

Germany was divided into four zones, as was Berlin, but the U.S., French, and British eventually combined their zones; East and West Germany

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12
Q

Federal Republic of West Germany

A

The good half

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13
Q

German Democratic Republic

A

neither a democracy or a republic; Soviet Union owned

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14
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

Soviet Union cuts off supplies to West Berlin; Truman starts sending supplies by plane; Soviets let up; big power move

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15
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Twelve nations signed including the U.S., Canada, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Italy, and Portugal; if Soviets become militarily aggressive, this kicks in

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16
Q

Japan

A

Douglas MacArthur looks over Japan during occupation

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17
Q

China

A

ready to go to war; US supported Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao Zedong; Mao wins, communist

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18
Q

Mao Zedong

A

The communist in China

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19
Q

Chiang Kai-Shek

A

US supported guy in China

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20
Q

1949

A

Soviets tested their first atomic bomb, nuclear arms race begins, China became Communist.

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21
Q

Peoples Republic of China

A

Communist China; not in league with Soviets

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22
Q

NSC

A

National Security Council Report issued in 1950.

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23
Q

Korean War

A

N. Korea invades S. Korea; US seeks UN approval for military action; UN agrees, action led by the US; North Korea is communist and wants all Korea communist

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24
Q

Lin Shan Invasion

A

cuts off North Korean armies; drive the armies back up, originally wanted to maintain border but MacArthur wants to take whole country; China comes in and says lol no

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25
Q

Truman-MacArthur Controversy

A

MacArthur wants to drop bombs and is denied; he starts bad mouthing Truman, insults him publically, President tells him to quit; fires him when he does not quit.

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26
Q

GI Bill

A

Allows soldiers to get a college education and integrate into the workforce

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27
Q

Truman’s “Fair Deal”

A

wants to increase social security, raise minimum wage, national health insurance, and try to get civil rights; fails

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28
Q

Election 1948

A

More Truman

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29
Q

Election of 1952

A

Eisenhower wins; wins again 1956

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30
Q

AFL-CIO

A

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations merged back together in Dec. 1955 after a 20 year disagreement. George Meany

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31
Q

Vaccines

A

flu, polio, yellow fever, influenza; provided free to the public in 1955, by 1960 it was issued in a sugar cube.

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32
Q

DDT

A

used to protect crops and people from disease carrying insects, it was widely used in WWII, only later were its dangerous long-term effects discovered

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33
Q

UNIVAC

A

the first universal automatic computer, 1950s, to take census information

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34
Q

Television

A

by 1957 over 40 million sets in use, almost as many as there were families

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35
Q

Rock n’ Roll

A

Elvis Presley

36
Q

Poverty

A

not all was great for Americans about 1/5 of them were in poverty

37
Q

Nikita Krushchev

A

Stalin’s replacement, starts making things worse

38
Q

Hydrogen bomb

A

500 times more powerful, better than Russia, in nine months Russia has it

39
Q

ICBM

A

Inter Continental Ballistic Missiles; shoot missiles without planes

40
Q

Polaris

A

nuclear warhead launched from a submarine, first fired in 1960.

41
Q

Space Race

A

Soviets in the lead—they were the first to put a satellite in space-Sputnik, 1957, and a man in space, Yuri Gagarin, we created NASA in 1958 and landed on the moon first thanks to the Apollo Progam, 1969

42
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

an alliance of Eastern European Communist countries w. Soviet Union.

43
Q

Berlin Wall

A

the Soviet government built the Berlin Wall

44
Q

HUAC

A

House UnAmerican Activities Committee; republican backed, Nixon heavily involved; believe communists are EVERYWHERE; people being interviewed, investigated, especially in Hollywood

45
Q

Hollywood Ten

A

actually admit to being communists

46
Q

The Federal Loyalty Program

A

starts with Truman, continues under Eisenhower; for people working in the goverment; investigated & fired

47
Q

Rosenburg Case

A

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Ethel’s brother David Greenglass; no proof, part of communist party, put to death

48
Q

McCarthyism

A

Joseph McCarthy; wants political power; go to peoples houses and ruin reputations; labels key democrats as communists including Marshall

49
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

“New Frontier” Young, Catholic. Vibrant. Assasinated on Nov. 22, 1963; televised campaign helped him win

50
Q

Alliance for Progress

A

plan to work with Latin American countries; said economic aid to build infrastructure to become partners

51
Q

Peace Corps

A

lets young people work in developing countries

52
Q

Lyndon Johnson

A

War on Poverty & Vietnam

53
Q

War of Poverty

A

Lyndon Johnson; poverty wins

54
Q

Department of Housing and Urban Development

A

HUD; First Sec. Robert Weaver, first Af. Am. to serve in it; government style housing

55
Q

Immigration Act of 1965

A

Puts a strict limit on immigration, no preferences enacted

56
Q

Brown V. Board of Education

A

supreme court rejected Plessy V. Ferguson decision of 1896, separate was no longer equal.

57
Q

Little Rock Case

A

Little Rock 9; Eisenhower is supporting desegregation; Little Rock, Arkansas; military escort 9 students into the school

58
Q

Rosa Parks

A

arrested in Montgomery, Alabama; led to Montgomery Bus Boycott

59
Q

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A

led by MLK; African Americans boycott the bus system; successful

60
Q

MLK Jr.

A

leader of Civil Rights Movement; assassinatd

61
Q

Jackie Robinson

A

signed in 1947 to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers he was the first African American to play Major League Baseball.

62
Q

SNCC

A

Student Non Violent Coordinating Committee

63
Q

Freedom Rides

A

northern Civil Rights activists went where they were needed

64
Q

University of Mississippi

A

first student enrolled, military has to go in; George Wallace says he won’t let the school segregate and then is visited by the attorney general

65
Q

Birmingham, AL

A

series of protests held by MLK; Eugene ‘Bull’ Connor uses police brutality

66
Q

March on Washington

A

“I Have a Dream” speech

67
Q

Voting Rights

A

KKK are murdering people; “Freedom Summer”

68
Q

Selma Alabama

A

major demonstration for voting rights; violence and deaths

69
Q

Black Panther Party

A

Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, CA.

70
Q

Nation of Islam

A

Detroit, founded in 1931 by Elijah Poole-who became Elijah Muhammed; NOI, is an African American political and religious movement

71
Q

Fidel Castro

A

Dictator of Cuba

72
Q

U-2 Incident

A

confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union that began with the shooting down of a U.S. U-2 reconnaissance plane over the Soviet Union

73
Q

Bay of Pigs

A

invasion begins when a CIA-financed and -trained group of Cuban refugees lands in Cuba and attempts to topple the communist government of Fidel Castro. The attack was an utter failure

74
Q

Cuban Missle Crisis

A

leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff

75
Q

The Vietminh

A

led by Ho Chi Minh; sought independence

76
Q

The First IndoChina War

A

the war between France and Vietnam-1950-54

77
Q

Dien Bien Phu

A

major French fortress

78
Q

NLF

A

National Liberation Front-also known as the Viet Cong; organize southern Vietnamese communists for Viet Minh

79
Q

Diem

A

US supported until he wasn’t; out of touch with the people; tries to go Catholic vs. Buddhist; JFK supports a plan to overthrow him… doesn’t know they mean they’ll murder him

80
Q

Tet Offensive

A

Vietnam strikes back; sucessful at first but not for long

81
Q

Nixon Elected

A

Landslide; platform to get out of Vietnam

82
Q

Vietnamization

A

Help the south Vietnamese defend themselves

83
Q

Watergate

A

People messing with the votes, Nixon resigns

84
Q

Gerald Ford

A

blamed for bad economy; Vietnam war ends; runs against Ronald Regan and loses to Jimmy Carter

85
Q

Fall of Saigon

A

Americans and many South Vietnamese evacuated; as many as 30k left to die; Communists wins; no domino effect

86
Q

Jimmy Carter

A

advocate for human rights; Iranian Hostage Crisis; Carter communicates with Soviet Unin

87
Q

Carter Doctrine

A

US will use military force to defeat threats to national interest in the Gulf

Modern US History (4 decks)

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