Final Flashcards
What is the most frequently occurring special education category?
Specific Learning Disability
What is the percentage of SLD within the special ed population?
40-50%
What is the percentage of SLD within the general population?
4-5%
Who does SLD regulations apply to?
Public and private schools who get federal funding
What is PL 94-142?
Education for All Handicapped Children
What year did PL 94-142 come out?
1975
What happened to LD under Education for All Handicapped Children?
It became a national legislation & the classification tripled after the law was set in place
What did Education for all Handicapped Children turn into?
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
What did school-aged children with disabilities receive under Education for all Handicapped Children?
FAPE (Free and Appropriate Public Education)
-5-21 years old
What year was PL 99-457?
1986
What did PL 99-457 do?
Extended the years from birth-5 years (early intervention)
FAPE: 3-21 (Mandated)
-Early intervention: birth-2 years (encouraged)
When did IDEA come out?
1990
What is PL 101-476?
IDEA
What new transitions came from IDEA?
Added Autism and TBI
Require transition services
Try to include children with disabilities into gen. ed classrooms as much as possible
What new transitions came from updated IDEA in 1997?
Expands LRE
What happened in 2004?
IDEIA
What new transitions came from updated IDEIA?
realign with NCLB (2001) focus on increasing expectations changes to the SLD procedures -opt out of discrepancy model -RTI -Other research based procedures
What information was there for LD in the mid-late 1800s?
There was no label, but some identification
- neurology, psychology, and education fields
- based on observations
- more of a social construct, not medical or brain based LD
Who created the first label of LD?
Sam Kirk (1963)
Who coined the term “brain injured child”?
Alfred Stauss
What did Alfred Stauss do?
Moved to a medical model
Focused on etiology (cause)
Can children show a discrepancy without being eligible for LD services?
Yes, don’t have a NEED
What are the classification systems under IDEA?
Ability-Achievement
RTI
Other
What does ability-achievement require?
Requires the estimate of student’s ability to learn
Who offered little empirical support for the ability-achievement technique?
Ysseldyke
What is the umbrella term for a wide variety of disorders?
Learning Disabilities
What is Dyslexia?
Inability to read
What is developmental dyslexia?
acquired before or just after birth
What is acquired dyslexia?
due to brain damage after learning to read
What is aphasia?
loss of language ability
What is the percentage of children with learning disabilities in the school-aged population?
10-15%
Who are more disabilities found in?
Older children
How many children lack fundamental reading skills?
1/3
Development of Language: birth-9 months
Child hears language and gradually begins to understand it which develops an “inner language”
Development of Language: up to 12 months
Auditory receptive language: comprehend much of what is said, and by 9 months they begin to imitate specific words
Development of Language: 12 months-7 years
Auditory expressive language: auditory perception of words and the motor-speech imitation of them
Development of Language: 6 years and up
Visual receptive language (reading): acquires an auditory graphic match between what they know auditorally
