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Wildlife Ecology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

The study of incidence and control of disease and epidemics

A

Epidemiology

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2
Q

Pattern of disease in time and space

A

Occurrence

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3
Q

Proportion or percent infected at a given time

A

Prevalence

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4
Q

Number of new cases per unit time at a place

A

Incidence

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5
Q

Extent of resistance, immunity, or lack thereof

A

Susceptibility

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6
Q

Speed and severity of symptoms

A

Virulence

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7
Q

Persistent, moderate, steady disease occurrance

A

Enzootic

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8
Q

Outbreaks, pulses in disease occurrence

A

Epizootic

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9
Q

An animal that physically carries a disease agent from host to host

A

Vector

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10
Q

The spread of disease from infectious to susceptible hosts

A

Transmission

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11
Q

Parent to offspring disease transmission

A

Vertical transmission

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12
Q

Disease transmission between individuals of the same cohort

A

Horizontal transmission

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13
Q

A host that sustains a disease agent

A

Reservoir

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14
Q
  • Lyme disease
  • Avian botulism
  • Rock mountain spotted fever
  • Botulism
  • These are examples of:
A

-Bacterial diseases

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15
Q
  • Botfly
  • Tapeworms
  • Sarcoptic mange
  • These are example of
A

-Parasitic diseases

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16
Q
  • The number one vector-borne disease of humans in North America
  • Vector=ticks
A

-Lyme disease

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17
Q
  • Rabies
  • West nile virus
  • Myxomatosis
A

-Viral disease

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18
Q

-Snake Fungal Disease
>Chytrid fungus
>White-nose Syndrome
>Colony Collapse Disorder?

A

Fungal diseases

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19
Q

> Mad Cow Disease (BSE)

>Chronic Wasting Disease

A

Prion diseases

20
Q

An animal disease that is transmissible to humans

A

Zoonosis

21
Q

A pollutant from power plant emissions that negatively impacts songbirds, waterfowl, and possibly bats

A

Mercury

22
Q

A bacterial agent that causes typhus and spotted fever

A

Rickettsia

23
Q

Ingestion of this type of shot by wildlife bioaccumulates and causes weakness, paralysis, and inability to fly

A

Lead

24
Q

Exclusive association with a single member of the opposite sex
>90% avian spp, ~5% of mammals

A

Monogamy

25
Q

Male forms monogamous pair bond in absence of other mating opportunities; rarely spend time together

A

Facultative monogamy

26
Q

Females cannot rear young without help

A

Obligate monogamy

27
Q

Copulations with individuals other than social partner; increases male fitness

A

Extra-pair copulations

28
Q

One male mates with several females

>Sometimes sex ratio is male-biased

A

Polygyny

29
Q

Males gather to display for females; neither females nor resources dependable

A

Lek Polygyny

30
Q

One female mates with several males

>More than 2 parents needed to raise young

A

Polyandry

31
Q

The science of conducting research and developing theory to guide restoration efforts

A

restoration ecology

32
Q

A factor in the environment we plan to manage that influences current and possible future colonization and species composition

A

filter

33
Q

Occurs in entirely new undeveloped areas

>Volcanic eruption, rocky islands

A

Primary succession

34
Q

Redevelopment after a disturbance

A

Secondary succession

35
Q

Seres

A

different community types

36
Q

Releasing animals where they have never existed

A

Introduction

37
Q

Releasing captive born animals where they once existed and no longer do

A

Reintroduction

38
Q

Moving wild born animals from one place to another

A

Translocation

39
Q

The use of quantitative methods to predict likely future status of a population

A

Population viability analysis

40
Q

Top-down regulations, wildlife officials know whats best

A

Expert authority approach

41
Q

Managers welcome stakeholder input but don’t specifically seek it
>Implied that if stakeholders don’t speak up they’re not invested in outcome

A

Passive-receptive approach

42
Q

Managers actively seek stakeholder input to inform an anticipated management decision

A

Inquisitive approach

43
Q

Encourages two-way conversation between stakeholder group and manager, but not between different stakeholder groups

A

Intermediary approach

44
Q

Stakeholders interact in multi-way dialogue with each other and managers

A

Transactional approach

45
Q

Responsibility for management is shared among a network of stakeholder groups

A

Co-managerial approach

46
Q

> What stimuli elicit the behavior?

>What are the genetic, physiological, and anatomical factors that influence behavior?

A

Proximate analysis

47
Q

> What is the adaptive significance of a particular behavior?

>Does that behavior maximize fitness?

A

Ultimate analysis

Wildlife Ecology (3 decks)

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