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1
Q 
Relaxed dietery rules
relaxed cultural boundries
Jewship peoplehood emphasized
action to get justice
interfaith marriages
with Jewish history, Judaism changes
increasing use of Hebrew
bringing back formal dress
equality of men & woman
civil rights and peace movements
A

Reform Judaism

central european

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2
Q 
Moderation to make changes
no interfaith marriages
only matrilineal descent
conversion requires circumscison
remarriage only in cases of official Jewish divorce
MORE OBSERVANT OF LAWS
KOSHER
observation over belief
Central Halakhic authority
History determining practice
Historical and factual foundation for faith
study torah and religious texts
TORAH and TALMUND human and divine
Woman rabbis contriversal
A

Conservative Judaism

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3
Q

Creator of Reconstructionalist Judaism

A

Mordecai Kaplan

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4
Q

Who was Mordeci Kaplan

A

A conservative Rabi who taught in orthodox congregations, founded reconstructionalist congregations in 195 in America.

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5
Q

Beliefs of Reconstructionalist Judaism

A

Judaism as an evolving religious civilization rather than revealded teaching and law
- every nation has its rights to interpret Judaism
_heritage important, looks to the future

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6
Q

How important is the supernatural for Reconstructionalist Judaism

A

Not, belief in god is not necessary, there is no monopoly of religious truth

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7
Q

How to Reconstructionalists view Judaism

A

As a peoplehood, culture is emphasized they jimger for social justice and holiness, synagoges for Jewish culture and art and hey believe in interfaith engagement

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8
Q

Place of Modern Orthodoz Judaism

A

German, central european

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9
Q

Beliefs of modern orthodox judaism

A

affirm devine revelation and eternal authority of torah and Talmud. reduced the authority of custom and interpretation of law, they integration of jews into national life of countries of birth. secular studies are legitimate,
-study the torah through science history and reason
-compartmentalism of knowledge and truth
dress includes dress close to the culture they live

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10
Q

Where did Hasidism Judaism original

A

Poland, Russia, and Lithuania in 18th CE

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11
Q

Spiritual leader in Hasidism

A

Rebbe, a charismatic spiritual teacher

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12
Q

What does Tzaddikim mean in Hasidism

A

Righteous ones

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13
Q

Focuses of Hasidism

A

Escstatic joy, God suffises all reality, missionaries to try to convert outshiders. Shabbat, and Chabbad

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14
Q

What is Chabbad

A

Hebrew acronym for wisdom understanding and knowledge (Hasidism)

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15
Q

Orgin of Orthodox (Haredi) Judaism

A

Easterrn Europe

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16
Q

What do Orthodox believe about the Torah?

A

Hatam sofer - torah forbids new things, torah is unchanging, God revealed the entire torah to moses, torah and Talmud are law

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17
Q

Can women study torah in orthodox

A

yes but limited

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18
Q

How does Orthodox Jews view the outside world

A

Every aspect of life is suffused with religious significance, they reject the outside world

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19
Q

Law or teaching, the first five books of the Jewish Bible

A

Torah

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20
Q

One or two collections of the torah, jewish law and traditions

A

Talmud

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21
Q

How many laws in the Talmud

A

613

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22
Q

The Jewish Bible made up of the Torah, Nevi’im (phrophets_ and Ketuvim (writings

A

Tanakh

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23
Q

Collection of 613 precepts in the Bible

A

Mitzvoth

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24
Q

Jewish mystical tradition

A

Kabbalah

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25
Q

A member of a sect founded in Poland characterized by its emphasis on prayer and religious zeal

A

Chastim

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26
Q

Saturday, a day of rest and religious observance

A

Shabbat

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27
Q

Passover. A jewish festivial that marks the Jewish exodus from Egypt. Marked cheaply by the sader ritual. Celebrated for 8 days.

A

Pesach

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28
Q

Ceremonial jewish meal in rememberance of the passover

A

Sader

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29
Q

Festival commemorating God’s giving of the 10 commandments to Moses

A

Shavuot

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30
Q

Booth or hut for the jewish festival of Sukkot

A

Sukkah/Succah

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31
Q

Festival one of 3 pilgramiages to temple

A

Sukkot

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32
Q

Celebration that Commemorates the deliverance of he hews in Persia from the Destruction by Hamam

A

Purim

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33
Q

Celebrates the Jewish victory over the assyrians undr antonious the 4th

A

Hannukah

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34
Q

Jewish high holy day. Marks the beginning of the jewish new year

A

Rosh Hashanah

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35
Q

Ram horm they blow as a musical instrument . Used during Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

A

Shofar

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36
Q

Abstain from food and drinka dn pray in the synagogue. Similar to Ramadan or Lent

A

Yom Kippur

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37
Q

Ordained religious authority, spiritual leader of a jewish congregation

A

Rabbi

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38
Q

Meeting place for Jewish study and worship

A

Synagogue

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39
Q

Collectively practioners of their faith practicing far away from each other. Babylonians exile of jews

A

Dispora

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40
Q

An attack against jews

A

Pogrom

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41
Q

Small jewish community in eastern Europ

A

Shteto

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42
Q

European Jews of their descendants distinguished from the Sephardim by pronunciation of Hebrew

A

Ashkenazim

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43
Q

An ethinic group of jews with orgins in Spain and North Africa

A

Sephardim

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44
Q

Middle eastern jews

A

Mizrahim

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45
Q

Belief that jews should live in a Jewish state in the biblicat land of isreal

A

Zionism

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46
Q

Promise between god and the Jewish people

A

Covenant

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47
Q

Departure of the Israelites from Egypt under Moses

A

Exodus

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48
Q

Coming of age ceremony for a jewish boy

A

Bar Mitzvah

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49
Q

Ultra-orthodox jews- super reverant to the Torah (look amish)

A

Haredim

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50
Q

Jewish code of food that they can eat

A

Kosher

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51
Q

Pilgrimage to Mecca

A

Haj

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52
Q

Muslim temple, place of worship

A

Mosque

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53
Q

Sect of Islam that believes that sucessors should be chosen by the community

A

Sunni

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54
Q

Believes that sucessors should be chosen through Muhammad’s blood linke

A

Shi’a

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55
Q

Islamic mystical beliefs

A

Sufi

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56
Q

Month of fasting Islam

A

Ramadan

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57
Q

Eid al fitr

A

Islamic festival that begins afer Ramadan ends

58
Q

Eid ad Adah

A

Festival beginning on the 10th day of the last month. sheep sacrifice. Rememberes Ishmael

59
Q

Holiest site in Islam. Used to contain idols. House of god

A

Ka/ba

60
Q

Islamic holy book. Can’t be copied into other lagnguages 114 suras or chapters. Dictated to Muhammad by Gabriel

A

Qu-ran

61
Q

Messenger. Not quite a prophet

A

Rasul

62
Q

Successor to Muhammad

A

Caliph

63
Q

Leader os muslim praryer. In Shi’a islam person holding the prophetic light. IN Shi’a and sunni branches

A

Imam

64
Q

Patriarch of tribe or family

A

Sheikh

65
Q

Hermit or holy man, especially in north Africa. Credited w/ power

A

Marabot

66
Q

Term of respect for head of religious group

A

Pir

67
Q

The first month of muslim calander

A

Muharram

68
Q

Indivisible oneness of god

A

Tawhid

69
Q

Law. Divine law and ethics in islam

A

Sharia

70
Q

Prophet

A

Nabi

71
Q

A traditional account of things said or done by Muhammad or his companions

A

Hadith

72
Q

Changing of the name of god

A

Dhikr

73
Q

Spiritual blessing from master to pupil in sufism

A

Baraka

74
Q

Any of the 114 chapters in the Qu’ran

A

Sura

75
Q

Isalmic name for the one god

A

Allah

76
Q

Muhammad’s migration from mecca to medina

A

Hijrah

77
Q

The muslim struggle against the inner forces that prevent god’s realization and the outer barriers to the establishment of the divine order

A

Jihad

78
Q

Who founded Ethipian dynasty

A

Solomon and the queen of sheba

79
Q

Relic of the ark of the covenant

A

Tabot

80
Q

Physical embodiment of the divine

A

incarnation

81
Q

The Roman Catholic term for the Christian Eucharist

A

Mass

82
Q

In Roman times, the exection of a criminal by fixing him to a cross; with reference to Jesus, his deatho on the cross, symbolic of his self-sacriic for the good of all humanity

A

crucifixion

83
Q

The rising of Jesus in his earthly body on the first Easter Day, three days after his crucifixion and death

A

Resurrection

84
Q

The ascent of Jesus to heaven forty days after his Resurrection

A

Ascnsion

85
Q

The Christina doctrine that in the One God are three divine persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit

A

Holy Trinity

86
Q

THe occasion when the Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples of Jesus after his death

A

Pentecost

87
Q

The Church of England founded by Henry VIII when he split from ROme and formalized by Elizabeth I in 1559

A

Anglicanism

88
Q

A Chrisitian sacrament by which God cleanses all sin and makes one a sharer in the divine life and a member of Christ’s body, the Church

A

Baptism

89
Q

Means universal and all-inclusive. Chrisitna Churches that calim the represent the ancient undivided Christian Church

A

Catholic

90
Q

A sacred image, term used especially for the paintings of Jesus, Mary and the saints of the Eastern Orthodox Christian Church

A

Icon

91
Q

Basic profession of faith for many Chrisitan denominations in East and West, including all Orhodox Churches, framed in a council held in Constantinople in 381 ce and propsed as a basis for unifying all Christians

A

Nicene Creed

92
Q

Outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual grace in Christianity. Almost all Churches recognize baptism and the Eucharist as sacraments, some churches recognize 5 others as well

A

sacrament

93
Q

A formal statement of the beliefs of a particular religion

A

Creed

94
Q

IN some branches of Christianity, and intermediate after death state in which souls are purified from sin

A

Purgatory

95
Q

A depravity or tendency to evil held to be innate in humankind and transmitted from Adam to all human in consequence of sin

A

original sin

96
Q

One of the 12 followes of Christ

A

disciple

97
Q

A platform or raised structure in a church from which the sermon is delivered or the service is conducted

A

pulpit

98
Q

Describe the History of the Jews

A

Jewish history is essentially that of a dispersed people who find unity in an evolving set of teachings and practices

99
Q

Moses smashed the stone tablets that God had inscribed the commandments on because

A

In their impatience, the Israelites created a golden calf and practiced idol worship

100
Q

The name of the prophet who wrote both prophetic and mystical works found in the Hebrew scriptures is

A

Ezekiel

101
Q

THe Enlightenment impacted western European Jews by

A

Allowing them to ascent to positions of prominence in western European society

102
Q

In rabbinic literature, mitzvots are

A

commandments

103
Q

THe Noahide Code set forth the

A

7 universal principles for a moral and spiritual life

104
Q

The reason that Jewish boys are required to be ritualy circumcised when they are 8 days old is because

A

it honors the seal of God’s commandment to Abraham

105
Q

Jewish holdy day wehre sins are confessed communally, forgiveness is asked for, and prayers for reconciliation with God are offered

A

Yom Kippur

106
Q

4 main branches of Judaism

A

Orhodox, Reform/Liberal, Conservative, and Reconstructionism

107
Q

Jewish groups that allow rabbis to officiate same sex weddings

A

Reform and Reconstructionist

108
Q

The Gospel of John differs from the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke because it

A

is less concerned with following the life of Jesus

109
Q

Jesus preached and lived by radical ethics through

A

inclusivism

110
Q

In the Acts of the Apostles, Paul tried to convince the Jews

A

that Jesus was the Messiah they had been waiting for

111
Q

By fithe century CE the Christian world was split by language in the west (latin) and east (greek) and further divided into a number of ecclesiastical jurisdictions called

A

sees

112
Q

According to Protestantism, the ultimate guide to understanding scripture is

A

individual conscience

113
Q

Many of the changes of Vaticall II involved the liturgy of the mass, and the most important was

A

Translating the mass into local languages

114
Q

A central practice of Orthodox Christianity is

A

unceasing prayer

115
Q

Through fully surrendered faith in Jesus, Chrisitians hope to

A

be washed of their egotistical sinfulness

116
Q

In general, Protestant Churches recognize only two sacraments

A

Baptism and Eurcharist

117
Q

Charismatics feel that they have been touched by

A

The Holy Spirit

118
Q

One of the revelations to Muhammad in Mecca was rejection of polytheism in favor of

A

pure monotheism

119
Q

According to Islamic tradition, in addition to brining protection, guidance and knowledge, the recitation of the Qur’an is thought to

A

have a healing soothing effect

120
Q

The first sentence chanted into the ear of a traditional Muslim infant is the

A

Shahada

121
Q

The Pillar of Islam that is obligatory during Ramadan is

A

fasting

122
Q

The Shi’a Imam differs from the Sunni Caliph in that the Imam

A

combines politicl leadership with continuing transmission of Divine Guidance

123
Q

Shari’ah specifies patterns for worship (instructions pertaining to the 5 Pillars of Islam) as well as detailed prescriptions for

A

social conduct

124
Q

The central practice of Sufism is dhikr, and its aim is to

A

allow one to become so purified of self that one is a perfect mirror for the divine attributes

125
Q

Many population sin the 7th and 8th centuries welcomed Muslims without a fight becuase

A

they had grievances against their own rulers

126
Q

One of the factors encouraging the growth of Islam in America is

A

the religion is embraced as a bulwark of discipline and faith against the degradations of materialism

127
Q

All Muslims are enjoined by the Qur’an to carry on jihad, which has been classified by the Prophet Muhammad into 2 types; one of these classifications is “Lesser Jihad” meaning

A

An external effort to protect the way of God against the forces of evil

128
Q

Who built a temple in Jeruselum

A

King David

129
Q

Who build the second temple

A

King CYrus

130
Q

Abolished the Torah,killed families that wer circumsied

A

Antiochus

131
Q

People who led rebellion against Antiochus and won independence in Judea

A

Maccabeans

132
Q

Both Christians and Jewish use the

A

Taanakh

133
Q

10 adult males nesissary for community worship

A

minyan

134
Q

rabbis’ biblical interpretations

A

Midrash

135
Q

God is portrayed in Hebrew Scriptures as

A

a transcendent Creator who forms a covenant with the Jewish people

136
Q

Accoriding to the Torah, the Israelite tribes left Canaan and settled in the land of Egypt because

A

there was famine in the land

137
Q

segregate themselves from non-Jewish secular culture halakhah

A

Orthodox Judaism (Moses Sofer)

138
Q

Less traditional Judaism adopted changes such as hymns and sermons in vernacular, shorter version of liturgy, more emphaisis on service rather than prayer, prayerbook

A

Reform Judaism

139
Q

Zionism

A

20 CE secular movement ot final a Jewish homeland to escap anti-Semitism in Europe

140
Q

Central Jewish prayer

A

Shema Israel

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