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REL 101 > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

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1
Q

Siddharta practiced this rejecting both self-indulgence and self-denial point where he revived his failing health

A

Middle Way

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2
Q

The doctrine or law as revealed by the Buddha; also the correct conduct for a person according to their level or awareness, proper or right

A

Dharma

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3
Q

members of an order of nuns

A

bhikshunis

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4
Q

Sangha is

A

the monastic order developed from the Buddha’s early disciples who accepted people from all castes

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5
Q

Few factual details about the Buddha’s life were retained because

A

extant biographies exist in written form that venerate the Buddha as a legendary hero

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6
Q

What are the 4 sights

A

a bent old man, a sick person, a dead person, and a medicant seeking lasting happiness

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7
Q

According to legend, Mara tempted Siddhartha at Bodh Gaya in order to

A

keep Siddhartha’s insights to himself because they were too complex and profound for ordinary people

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8
Q

pain suffering and dissatisfaction

A

dukkha

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9
Q

NO SELF there is no separate permanent or immortal self; instead a human being is an impermanent composite of interdependent physical, emotional , and cognitive components

A

anatman

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10
Q

Seeing through illusions

A

Right Understanding

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11
Q

Help us uncover any afflictive emotions that affect our thinking

A

right thought or intention

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12
Q

don’t lie

A

right speech

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13
Q

5 basic prece[ts for ethical conduct

A

right action

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14
Q

way one is living does not vilate 5 precepts (profession_

A

right livelihood

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15
Q

awarness moment to moment dhammapada

A

right mindfulness

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16
Q

applies mental discipline to quiet the mind and develop single-pointed concentration

A

right meditation

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17
Q

worthy one who has found nirvana in life

A

arhant

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18
Q

should one question nirvana

A

no nteaching emphasize following the path to nirvana, and not being sidetracked by questions that do not help one to progress

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19
Q

Ate first talk at Sarnath core principles were set forth in the

A

4 nobel truths

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20
Q

Things Therevada and Mahyana Buddhism agree upon

A

4 noble truths, 8 fold path, karma, samsara, and nirvana

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21
Q

Therevada scripture

A

Pali Cannon in the Tripitaka

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22
Q

Where do therevada buddists go for refuge

A

Triple Gem

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23
Q

What is the Triple Gem

A

The Buddha ( the enlightened one)
dharma (teachings he gave)
sangha (community)

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24
Q

Therevada practice focusing on one’s breath

A

vipassana

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25
Q

Therevada Buddhist practices

A

devotion to Buddha, seal eyes with beewax, stupas

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26
Q

Mahayana scriptures

A

Pali Cannon and Mahayana Literature emphasizing the importance of religious experience

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27
Q

Scripture that teaches that the higher goal than arhant’s achievement of liberateion is to aspire to become a bodhisattva

A

Lotus Sutra

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28
Q

Emptiness or voidness is the most complex and profound of the Mahayana teachings

A

Shunyata

29
Q

Ashoka disseminated Budhism throughout his kingdom because

A

he felt great remorse over military losses

30
Q

Traditional language of tripitaki

A

Pali

31
Q

According to Theravada Buddhists one takes refuge in Buddha by

A

honoring the Buddha as supreme teacher and an inspiring model

32
Q

In Mahayana tradition, the Buddha is said to be an immanent presence in the universe with these 3 bodies or aspects

A

formless enlightened wisdom, body of bliss, and emanation of body

33
Q

Buddhism in China based on meditation is called

A

Chan Buddhism

34
Q

Buddhism in Japan is called

A

Zen Buddhism

35
Q

Form of Buddhism that claims to preserve the essence of Buddha’s teachings through direct experience, triggered by mind-tomind transmission of the Dharma. Instead of focusing on scriptures, Buddhas, and bodhisattvas it emphasizesdirect insight into the tru nature of one’s own mind to reveal one’s own Buddha nature

A

Zen

36
Q

Sitting meditation to reveal one’s insight

A

zazen

37
Q

sudden enlightenment in Zen

A

kensho

38
Q

Zen ceremonies that focus on being fully present in the moment

A

pouring tea, painting, sweeping, breathing

39
Q

A paradoxal puzzle to be solved without ordinary thinking in Zen Buddhism

A

Koan

40
Q

Realization of untimate truth in Zen

A

satori

41
Q

Japanese monk who broke monastic tradition by marrying and then claimed Pure Land Buddhism was the best form

A

Shinran

42
Q

1st patriarch of Chan Buddhism was

A

Bodhidharma

43
Q

Many become devotees of the Amitabha Buddha because

A

social upheavel led people to think of themselves as degerate

44
Q

The conemporary offshoot of Nichiren’s movment that lobbies for a peaceful world revolution through transformation of individual consciousness is called

A

Soka Gakkai International

45
Q

Nichidatsu Fuji, who was strongly influenced by Gandhi’s doctrine of nonviolence founded the

A

Nipponzan Myohoji

46
Q

Often called the “third turning” of the wheel of Dharma. Developed in India but was transmitted to and increasing in North America and Europe Tibet

A

Vajrayana

47
Q

Practices of the V Buddhists

A

emphasisze visualization, ritual, mantras, mudras (hand positions during meditation), mandalas, union of male and female energies for spiritual liberation all under the strict guidance of a teacher

48
Q

Vajrayana teachers are called

A

lamas

49
Q

Who practices deity yoga, mediating on themselves in the form of a Buddha or bodhisattva in order to embody the enlightened qualities that the practitioner wishes to manifest

A

Vajrayana

50
Q

The Dalai Lama is the spiritual leader of

A

Tibetan Buddhists

51
Q

In Tibetan Buddhism, people prepare for death while they are living in order to have a peaceful death by practicing

A

phowa

52
Q

In the third stage of Atisha eht esoteric path that one must follow in Tibetan Buddhism is

A

Tantrayana

53
Q

For a Vajrayana initiate, the practice of mediating on I’m-or herself in the form of a Buddha or bodhisattva is known as

A

deity yoga

54
Q

The mantra of Avalokiteshvara is chanted to

A

evoke an awareness of the sufferings of sentient beings and compassion for all living begins

55
Q

Most important Buddhist festival

A

Vesak

56
Q

In Japan, Shakyamuni Buddha’s birthday is celebrated during

A

early April

57
Q

In Thailand, when celebrating the Festival of Floating Bowls, the bowls of water symbolize

A

a person’s bad luck floating away

58
Q

In Sri lanka, a particular relic from Buddha is paraded through the streets

A

the Festival of the Tooth

59
Q

In some countries, young laymen temporarily enter the Sangha and live as monks for a while to commemorate

A

passage to adulthood

60
Q

Buddhism is often embraced by people in the West because

A

they long for peace of mind in the midst of a chaotic materialisitic life

61
Q

Some consider Western Buddhism to be closer to the core of early teachings in Buddhism because of the

A

stronger emphasis on inner practice

62
Q

How do levels of Buddhist participation among women compare between the East and West

A

Women in the West are more likely to participate

63
Q

International audiences flock to listen to teachings of an exiled Vietnamese monk named

A

Thich Nhat Hanh

64
Q

In Western Zen Monastery, by exploring the relevance of Buddhist principles in the workplace, the central goal emphasized is

A

personal experience of enlightment and its application in the 21st century world

65
Q

The Tzu Chi organization founded by Venerable Cheng Yen in Taiwan provides

A

volunteer services such as disaster relief, medicine, education, and environmental protection

66
Q

Buddhism became popular in India during the 20th century because

A

it overcame caste distinctions

67
Q

The individual inspired half a million untouchable Indians to convert to Buddhism

A

B.R. Ambedkar

68
Q

After decades of terror where more than one million people were murdered by the Khmer Rouge, Buddhists played a major role in

A

peacemaking and rebuilding Cambodia

69
Q

The leader from Myanmar who has been an outspoken advocate for democratic change and lives Buddhist principles to counteract fear and cope with governmental expression is

A

Aung San Suu Kyi

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