Buddhism Flashcards
Siddharta practiced this rejecting both self-indulgence and self-denial point where he revived his failing health
Middle Way
The doctrine or law as revealed by the Buddha; also the correct conduct for a person according to their level or awareness, proper or right
Dharma
members of an order of nuns
bhikshunis
Sangha is
the monastic order developed from the Buddha’s early disciples who accepted people from all castes
Few factual details about the Buddha’s life were retained because
extant biographies exist in written form that venerate the Buddha as a legendary hero
What are the 4 sights
a bent old man, a sick person, a dead person, and a medicant seeking lasting happiness
According to legend, Mara tempted Siddhartha at Bodh Gaya in order to
keep Siddhartha’s insights to himself because they were too complex and profound for ordinary people
pain suffering and dissatisfaction
dukkha
NO SELF there is no separate permanent or immortal self; instead a human being is an impermanent composite of interdependent physical, emotional , and cognitive components
anatman
Seeing through illusions
Right Understanding
Help us uncover any afflictive emotions that affect our thinking
right thought or intention
don’t lie
right speech
5 basic prece[ts for ethical conduct
right action
way one is living does not vilate 5 precepts (profession_
right livelihood
awarness moment to moment dhammapada
right mindfulness
applies mental discipline to quiet the mind and develop single-pointed concentration
right meditation
worthy one who has found nirvana in life
arhant
should one question nirvana
no nteaching emphasize following the path to nirvana, and not being sidetracked by questions that do not help one to progress
Ate first talk at Sarnath core principles were set forth in the
4 nobel truths
Things Therevada and Mahyana Buddhism agree upon
4 noble truths, 8 fold path, karma, samsara, and nirvana
Therevada scripture
Pali Cannon in the Tripitaka
Where do therevada buddists go for refuge
Triple Gem
What is the Triple Gem
The Buddha ( the enlightened one)
dharma (teachings he gave)
sangha (community)
Therevada practice focusing on one’s breath
vipassana
Therevada Buddhist practices
devotion to Buddha, seal eyes with beewax, stupas
Mahayana scriptures
Pali Cannon and Mahayana Literature emphasizing the importance of religious experience
Scripture that teaches that the higher goal than arhant’s achievement of liberateion is to aspire to become a bodhisattva
Lotus Sutra
Emptiness or voidness is the most complex and profound of the Mahayana teachings
Shunyata
Ashoka disseminated Budhism throughout his kingdom because
he felt great remorse over military losses
Traditional language of tripitaki
Pali
According to Theravada Buddhists one takes refuge in Buddha by
honoring the Buddha as supreme teacher and an inspiring model
In Mahayana tradition, the Buddha is said to be an immanent presence in the universe with these 3 bodies or aspects
formless enlightened wisdom, body of bliss, and emanation of body
Buddhism in China based on meditation is called
Chan Buddhism
Buddhism in Japan is called
Zen Buddhism
Form of Buddhism that claims to preserve the essence of Buddha’s teachings through direct experience, triggered by mind-tomind transmission of the Dharma. Instead of focusing on scriptures, Buddhas, and bodhisattvas it emphasizesdirect insight into the tru nature of one’s own mind to reveal one’s own Buddha nature
Zen
Sitting meditation to reveal one’s insight
zazen
sudden enlightenment in Zen
kensho
Zen ceremonies that focus on being fully present in the moment
pouring tea, painting, sweeping, breathing
A paradoxal puzzle to be solved without ordinary thinking in Zen Buddhism
Koan
Realization of untimate truth in Zen
satori
Japanese monk who broke monastic tradition by marrying and then claimed Pure Land Buddhism was the best form
Shinran
1st patriarch of Chan Buddhism was
Bodhidharma
Many become devotees of the Amitabha Buddha because
social upheavel led people to think of themselves as degerate
The conemporary offshoot of Nichiren’s movment that lobbies for a peaceful world revolution through transformation of individual consciousness is called
Soka Gakkai International
Nichidatsu Fuji, who was strongly influenced by Gandhi’s doctrine of nonviolence founded the
Nipponzan Myohoji
Often called the “third turning” of the wheel of Dharma. Developed in India but was transmitted to and increasing in North America and Europe Tibet
Vajrayana
Practices of the V Buddhists
emphasisze visualization, ritual, mantras, mudras (hand positions during meditation), mandalas, union of male and female energies for spiritual liberation all under the strict guidance of a teacher
Vajrayana teachers are called
lamas
Who practices deity yoga, mediating on themselves in the form of a Buddha or bodhisattva in order to embody the enlightened qualities that the practitioner wishes to manifest
Vajrayana
The Dalai Lama is the spiritual leader of
Tibetan Buddhists
In Tibetan Buddhism, people prepare for death while they are living in order to have a peaceful death by practicing
phowa
In the third stage of Atisha eht esoteric path that one must follow in Tibetan Buddhism is
Tantrayana
For a Vajrayana initiate, the practice of mediating on I’m-or herself in the form of a Buddha or bodhisattva is known as
deity yoga
The mantra of Avalokiteshvara is chanted to
evoke an awareness of the sufferings of sentient beings and compassion for all living begins
Most important Buddhist festival
Vesak
In Japan, Shakyamuni Buddha’s birthday is celebrated during
early April
In Thailand, when celebrating the Festival of Floating Bowls, the bowls of water symbolize
a person’s bad luck floating away
In Sri lanka, a particular relic from Buddha is paraded through the streets
the Festival of the Tooth
In some countries, young laymen temporarily enter the Sangha and live as monks for a while to commemorate
passage to adulthood
Buddhism is often embraced by people in the West because
they long for peace of mind in the midst of a chaotic materialisitic life
Some consider Western Buddhism to be closer to the core of early teachings in Buddhism because of the
stronger emphasis on inner practice
How do levels of Buddhist participation among women compare between the East and West
Women in the West are more likely to participate
International audiences flock to listen to teachings of an exiled Vietnamese monk named
Thich Nhat Hanh
In Western Zen Monastery, by exploring the relevance of Buddhist principles in the workplace, the central goal emphasized is
personal experience of enlightment and its application in the 21st century world
The Tzu Chi organization founded by Venerable Cheng Yen in Taiwan provides
volunteer services such as disaster relief, medicine, education, and environmental protection
Buddhism became popular in India during the 20th century because
it overcame caste distinctions
The individual inspired half a million untouchable Indians to convert to Buddhism
B.R. Ambedkar
After decades of terror where more than one million people were murdered by the Khmer Rouge, Buddhists played a major role in
peacemaking and rebuilding Cambodia
The leader from Myanmar who has been an outspoken advocate for democratic change and lives Buddhist principles to counteract fear and cope with governmental expression is
Aung San Suu Kyi
