Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 350 > final! > Flashcards

final! Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

aggression

A

physical and verbal behavior intended to cause harm

intention for immediate consequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hostile aggression

A

driven by anger and performed as an end itself, reactive aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

instrumental aggression

A

intended to harm as a means to another goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Instinct Theory

A

aggression is an innate, unlearned behavior, seen in all species, people have aggressive behavior inside that must be released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neural Influences

A

certain parts of the brain are responsible for aggression, particularly the limbic system (amygdala)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

biochemical influences

A

alcohol and drugs, testosterone

higher testosterone = less pleased with life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Frustration-Aggression Theory

A

frustration triggers a readiness to aggress, sometimes tend to displace hostility to a safer target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Frustration-Aggression Theory, revised

A

frustration causes anger, which causes aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

relative deprivation

A

perception that one is less well-off than others

happiness tends to be lower, crime rates higher in communities and nations with large income inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

social learning theory

A

we reward aggressive behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

observational learning

A

physical punishment and aggression are related, disciplining children with physical punishment teaches children how to punish bad behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

aversive incidents

A

heat, pain, crowding cause aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gender and aggression

A

females and males are equally aggressive, but the difference is in direct or indirect aggression choices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

aggression cues

A

influence affect, behavior, cognition

ex: having guns nearby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

media influences on aggression

A

People that saw sexually violent video had rape myth increase
Showing neutral, erotic, and aggressive erotic film to men, then have them teach nonsense syllables to learners in shock paradigm (Milgram)
Viewers of aggressive erotic films administered greater, longer shocks in comparison to the other group of people, but only toward women
Minorities are virtually absent (on TV) and when they do show up, they are often victims or criminals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

media’s effects on behavior

A

Huesmann TV study:
Evaluated on desire to be like TV character, judgment of real-ness, aggressive behavior
Early childhood exposure to TV violence predicted aggressive behavior for both males and females 15 years later
Identification with same-sex TV characters and perception that violence is realistic also predicted adult aggression in adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

essay question - effects of video games - character identification

A

Teenage boys played realistic violent and non-realistic, non-violent video games
Random assignment, each boy only played one game
Boys rated how much they identified with the game character, how realistic the game was, and how immersive the game was
Could blast noise to their partner, told that a certain level would cause the other person to lose their hearing
The more people identified with a violent video game, the louder they would blast the noise (higher aggression level)
The more people identified with a nonviolent game character, the quieter they would blast the noise (lower aggression level)
Conclusion: playing violent video games causes aggression behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

essay question - effects of video games - response to fight

A

Boys played a violent or nonviolent video game for 20 minutes
Heard a staged fight outside
Researchers measured whether or not they helped in the fight, how long they took to help
Participants rated how serious they thought the fight was
People were more likely to help if they had been playing a nonviolent video game
Time before helping was much longer for those that played the violent video game
Non-violent video game people perceived the fight as more serious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

group influences

A

diffusion of responsibility increases with distance and with numbers

20
Q

social contagion

A

groups magnify aggressive tendencies

21
Q

catharsis theory

A

watching violence allows one to release pent-up energy

22
Q

social learning approach to aggression

A

In experiments, children become less aggressive when caregivers ignore their aggressive behavior and reinforce their nonaggressive behavior
Punishment: aversive behavior because it models the behavior it seeks to prevent

23
Q

intro to chapter 11

A

Satisfy the need to belong with autonomy and competence
Ostracized people exhibit heightened activity in a brain cortex area that also activates in response to physical pain
Ostracism’s social pain increases aggression

24
Q

proximity

A

best predictor for friendship is physical proximity

25
Q

functional distance

A

how often people’s paths cross

26
Q

mere exposure

A

if you’re exposed to something multiple times, your attitude toward that thing becomes more favorable

27
Q

physical attractiveness

A

attractiveness is the best predictor of how often women date, but the physical attractiveness didn’t predict how often men date

28
Q

complementarity

A

people are attracted to those whose needs are complementary to their own

29
Q

matching phenomenon

A

liking those who like us

dissimilarity in physical attractiveness increases the risk of breaking up

30
Q

reward theory of attraction

A

people are attracted to those that provide some reward

31
Q

passionate love

A

a state of intense longing for union with another

32
Q

two-factor theory of emotion

A

arousal x its label = emotion
you experience something, interpret the experience, then identify the emotion
ambiguous arousal can be translated into an emotional state

33
Q

companionate love

A

intimacy + commitment

the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined

34
Q

fatuous love

A

passion + commitment

35
Q

romantic love

A

intimacy + passion

36
Q

the power of persuasive eyewitnesses

A

Jurors believe confident eyewitness

Less details is probably the more accurate eyewitness

37
Q

when eyes deceive

A

Eyewitnesses are more confident than correct
Jurors find confident witnesses more believable
Those exhibiting the most emotion in the London Dungeon’s Horror Labyrinth made the most mistakes in identifying someone they had encountered
We are most at risk for false recollections made with high confidence with faces of another race

38
Q

misinformation effect

A

incorporating “misinformation” into one’s memory of the event after witnessing an event and receiving misleading information about it

39
Q

retelling

A

retelling events commits people to their recollections, accurate or not

40
Q

reducing error in court

A

Train place interviewers to not ask leading questions, ask for open-ended answers
Minimize false lineup identifications
- Put similar people in a lineup
- Show them a sequence of people instead of them all at once
Educate jurors

41
Q

the defendant’s characteristics

A

beautiful people seem like good people

similarity to jurors also influences liking

42
Q

reactance

A

a motive to protect or restore one’s sense of freedom, arises when someone threatens our sense of freedom
ex: a judge orders that a testimony be ignored

43
Q

jury selection

A

jurors should understand instructions and statistical information

44
Q

“death-qualified” jurors

A

How does it affect the court system?
Does it prevent time or is it a deterrent?
Most murders are crimes of passion, they aren’t thinking of the death sentence

45
Q

essay question on persuasion

A
  • showed 2 different videos of Obama
  • independent variable: the video showed (neutral or humorous)
  • dependent variable: if their opinions changed or not on Obama politically (Is he a good politician? Is he a good person? Do you agree with his immigration policies?)
  • people that watched humorous videos rated higher than those that watched neutral videos
  • 2 routes of persuasion: central and peripheral
46
Q

essay question on weapon cue effect

A
  • you are more likely to be aggressive when you are just around a weapon
  • study with truck that had a gun and an aggressive sticker - when truck was stalled at a light, people were more likely to honk and be aggressive
  • more people honked when there was an aggressive sticker “vengeance”
  • less people honked when sticker was neutral
47
Q

essay question - social rejection and eating behavior

A
  • group of people that were offered either fattening food or a healthier choice
  • the ones that were socially accepted took the healthier food, people that were socially rejected took the more fattening choice
  • independent variable: either rejected or accepted
  • dependent variable: what they chose to eat (healthy or unhealthy)

PSYCH 350 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions