FINAL Flashcards
According to the Rundell et al article, a framework was created to help rehabilitation professionals better understand and assess value in health care. Which of the following is not one of the objectives of the framework.
health and economic outcomes are often used to assess the basic components of value.
According to the Rundell et al article, ____________ (two words and spelling counts) are current and future monetary expenditures occurring from the implementation of an intervention or program.
direct costs
According to the Rundell et al article, stakeholders include (Select all that apply).
patients, caregivers, payers
True or false:
According to the Rundell et al article, Definitions of value may vary depending on the perspectives of stakeholders.
true
From the Hartnett article, the Children’s Online Privacy and Protection Act (COPPA) mandates parental permission if subjects under the age of ________ are being recruited and provide identifiable information.
13
From the Hartnett article, which recommendation from the bioethics commission on incidental findings recommends clinicians should consider providing patients with decision aids and graphical representations.
7
From the Hartnett article, which recommendation from the bioethics commission on incidental findings recommends public and private entities should prepare educational materials to inform all stakeholders? This includes IRB’s.
4
True or false: From the Hartnett article, the IRB can grant a waiver of parental permission regardless of the age of the majority, if the research meets the requirements for a waiver.
true
According to Califf et al., population clinical data sets for research present a number of challenges. Which of the following (according to the article) is not a challenge?
current EHR user interfaces help or hinder patient outcomes.
True or false: According to Califf et al., the Collaboratory Coordinating Center will assist these projects, developing a national repository of knowledge about pragmatic trials using integrated health care delivery systems and EHRs only.
false
According to the Young article, the _________ (two words and spelling counts) refines the search by the user selecting only relevant articles whereas the robust form refines the search by the user identifying relevant MeSH terms.
local form
True or false:
According to the Young article, searches are refined by combining three or more MeSH terms together by the Boolean operators, ‘AND’, ‘OR’ and ‘NOT’.
False
According to the Young article, _________ (spelling counts) is a bibliographic database produced by the National Library of Medicine (NLM).
MEDLINE
According to the Young article, another name for the Arrowsmith two node search strategy is also know as the ___________ (two words and spelling counts).
ABC Model
True or false:
According to the Young article, refining searches is a critical component in retrieving the optimal number of articles.
True
True or false: There are two prevention trials, action studies and agent studies. Action studies take something where by focusing on taking certain vitamins, minerals or medications.
false
According to the Belmont Report, protection for the vulnerable population is which guiding principle?
?
true or false:
The introduction of an article provides the overall issue or problem being test.
true
Which of the following may not require IRB review
?
true or false:
The definition of human subject according to the US Health and Human Services is a living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains data.
true
_____________ trials involve giving a participant a particular treatment in accordance with clinical practice.
?
true or false:
Systematic reviews are considered the weakest and lowest quality of evidence.
false
true or false:Experimental population addresses to whom will the results of the study be applicable
false
true or false: MeSH descriptors are arranged in only hierarchical structure.
false
true or false: EBP is “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.”
true
According to the Cooke et al (2013) article, electronic medical records have ________ clinical detail.
high
According to the Cooke et al (2013) article, what is the main limitation of many registries that collect data for quality improvement efforts?
use of volunteers
true or false:According to the Cooke et al (2013) article, often a single dataset may provide only part of the information that is necessary to conduct a successful analysis
true
true or false: According to the Cooke et al (2013) article, investigators who employ secondary data to answer clinical questions can capitalize on several of its advantages compared with primary data
true
List two limitations of secondary data
lack of availability, inaccuracy
Which of the following is considered a secondary source?:
all of the above
Which of the following is not an advantages of Secondary Data
less timely
(three words and spelling counts) recruit participants based on their membership in a well-defined source population, then follow them forward in time.
longitudinal cohort study
(three words and spelling counts) use baseline information collected at some point in the past and follow the cohort to another point in the past or to the present.
retrospective cohort study
true or false:nformation bias is where participants must complete the different assessments of exposure and disease at baseline
false
true or false: Incidence rate is the number of previous cases of disease in a population during a specified period of time divided by the total number of persons in the population who were at risk during that period
false
true or false: Recruiting based on exposure status makes retrospective and prospective cohort studies the optimal study approaches for uncommon exposures
true
[a] risk = [b] risk (AR) = the absolute difference in the incidence rate between the exposed population and the unexposed population
attributable
_________________(three words and spelling counts) = the proportion of incident cases among the exposed that are due to the exposure/
attributable risk percent
In a longitudinal study all participants start the study at the same time and no one is allowed to join later is known as a ______ (two words and spelling counts) population.
fixed population
____________ (three words and spelling counts) collect baseline data about exposures and outcomes in the present and follow the cohort to some point in the future.
prospective cohort study
case control studies utilized what key statistical measure?
odd ratio
true or false: Researchers must develop strategies that minimize the burden of participation and that maximize interest in continuing to participate.
true
group of similar people followed through time together.
cohort
