Leaf, Root - cooling - CHOLERETIC, cholegogue, bitter - nutritive, aperient, diuretic Tx: Inadeq. bile produtcion, GB probs, LOA, weak digestion

Root - mild bitter tonic, HEPATOPROTECTIVE - coffee sub. protects LR when drinking coffee

Final Flashcards by Katherine Souza

Artichoke

Cynara scolymus

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Cynara scolymus

Leaf
- choleretic, hepatoprotective, bitter
- depurative of the LR
Tx:
- sluggish LR, gallstones, hyperlipidemia, dyspepsia, KD dz, overall METABOLIC TONIC
C/I:
- bile duct obstruction

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Milk Thistle

Silybum marianum

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Silybum marianum

Seed
- HEPATOPROTECTIVE, hepatotonic, antihepatotoxic (against mushroom toxicity), bitter
- galactagogue
Tx:
- LR Dz!! 
C/I:
- allergies to asteraceae family

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Which herb shows a hepatoprotective effect against lead in rats?

Cynara scolymus

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Fringe Tree

Chionanthus virginicus

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Chionanthus virginicus

Inner Bark
- cooling, drying, moves congestion
- CHOLEGOGUE, CHOLERETIC, bitter
- antiseptic, cathartic, diurectic
Tx:
- JAUNDICE, hepatomegaly, GB, constipation, wounds/inflam.

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What special compound is in Silybum marianum?

flavanolignan (silibinin)

duno if it’s this guy, but this plant protects cells by protecting the mitochondria!
also, regeneration of cells

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Dandelion

Taraxacum off.

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Taraxacum off.

Leaf, Root

cooling
CHOLERETIC, cholegogue, bitter
nutritive, aperient, diuretic
Tx:
Inadeq. bile produtcion, GB probs, LOA, weak digestion

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Herb Indicated for: remove torpor, engorgement of LR, dropsies, uterine obstructions, chronic dz of skin, impairment of digestive fx

Taraxacum off.

C/I for inflam. of GI

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Chickory

Cichorium intybus

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Cichorium intybus

Root

mild bitter tonic, HEPATOPROTECTIVE
coffee sub. protects LR when drinking coffee

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Mahonia spp

BITTER, anticatarrhal, antimicrob., CHOLAGOGUE, alterative, mild lax.
- LR specificity of seat
Tx:
- skin, GB fx, infx

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Arctium lappa

Root, cooling
- BITTER, LR TONIC
- alterative
- antitumor, antimutagenic
- antirheumatic
- phytoestrogenic
Tx:
- SKIN, anorexia nervosa, etc.

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Which herb showed hepatoprotective effect against acetominophen in mice?

Taraxacum off

- also see hypolipidemic, antiox, reduction of adipogenesis/lipid accum.

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Curcuma longa

rhizome, moves stagn.
- CHOLAGOGUE, CHOLERETIC, lowers cholesterol, HEPATOPROTECTIVE, carminative
- alterative
- vulnerary
- cardioprotective antiox, anti-inflam., anticarcinogenic
*specificity of seat = LR, circulatory system
Tx:
- many effects throughout body: inflam., LR, skin, CVD

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Which herb balances 3 doshas?

Curcuma longa

Greater Celandine

Chelidonium majus

*hepatotoxic?!?!?!
Aerial, Root
- CHOLEGOGUE, CHOLERETIC
- antispasmodic to bile ducts; GI tract

Name some bitters

aloe barbadensis
althea off
angelica archangelica
artemisia absinthum
citrus spp
elettaria cardamomum
foeniculum vulgare
gentiana lutea
mahonia spp
matricaria recutita
mentha piperita
pimpinella anisum
taraxacum off
trigonella foenum-graecum
zingiber off
ulmus fulva
glycyrrhiza glabra

What do bitters do?

Stimulate: ghrelin, cck, motility, saliva, prolif. of mucosal cells
anti-inflam.

The Quintessential Digestive Bitter:

Gentiana lutea
is cooling
is also, analgesic, cholagogue, anti-inflam

Alterative Bitters:

Taraxacum officinale, Cynara scolymus, Rumex crispus, Mahonia spp.

Aromatic Bitters:

Zingiber officinale, Citrus sinensis/aurantium, Elettaria cardamomum

Bitter Carminatives

Matricaria recutita, Angelica archangelica

Citrus sinensis/aurantium classically used as? - what other conditions can it tx? - why should you be cautious when tx fair skinned pts?

- bitter tonic for dyspepsia and LOA - (D-limonene tx cholesterol gallstones and GERD) - (photosensitizing ... C. aurantium)

Mugwort: - name - actions

- Artemisia vulgaris - Bitter, Carminative - febrifuge, nervine, antimicrob, antiinflam, emmenagogue, vermifuge - used as MOXA

Wormwood: - name - actions - *toxicity

- Artemisia absinthum - Bitter, Carminative - febrifuge, antimicrob, anthelmintic, antidepressant * THUJONE in high doses is TOXIC

Oregon Grape: - name - actions

Mahonia spp - BITTER, ALTERATIVE - mild lax, cholagogue - anticatarrhal, antimicrob - remember, specificity of seat = LIVER - Tx: skin, GB fx, infx

Peppermint - name - actions - indications

Mentha piperita - CARMINATIVE, ANTISPASMODIC, anti-inflam., analgesic, anti-pruritic, cephalic - GASTRODYNIA, FLATULENT COLIC, DIFFICULT DIGESTION

Fennel Seed - name - actions & indications

Foeniculum vulgare - CARMINATIVE, ANTISPASMODIC, Bitter, anti-inflam., galactagogue, corrigent - great AROMATIC - Tx: FLATULENCE, GI spasms/colic

Chamomile - name - actions - high doses cause?

Matricaria recutita - STOMACHIC, antispasmodic, antiemetic - nervine, anxiolytic, antidepressant - vulnerary - anti-inflam. - Tx: nervousness, impatience, discontent, insominia - high doses cause V and diarrhea

Specificity of Seat is GI TRACT and NERVOUS SYSTEM

Matricaria recutita

Specificity of Seat is HOLLOW TUBES

Foeniculum vulgare

Specificity of Seat is CIRCULATORY, DIGESTIVE, RESPIRATORY

Zingiber officinale

Ginger - actions - indications

Zingiber officinale - CARMINATIVE, STOMACHIC - warming, stimulating, draws E to center - Tx: coldness, spasms/colic, flatulence, N/V, motion sickness, morning sickness

Angelica archangelica - Actions - Indications

- CARMINATIVE, STOMACHIC, BITTER, ANTISPASMODIC | - TX: INFLAMED MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF GI

Marshmallow - name - actions, indications

Althea officinalis - DEMULCENT, soothing to mucous membranes of GI tract - anti-inflam. - stimulates cell regeneration

Slippery Elm - name - actions, indications

Ulmus spp. - DEMULCENT, soothing to mucous membranes of GI tract - anti-inflam. - mildly astringent

Glycyrrhiza glabra/uralensis - actions - C/I

- DEMULCENT, MUCOPROTECTIVE, ANTI-INFLAM., ANTI-ULCER - anti-spasmodic, mild lax, adaptogen, harmonizer, synergist, anti-viral, expectorant, adrenal tonic, anticariogenic - C/I: HTN, hypokalemia, pregN, KD failure, potentiates cardiac glycosides

Fenugreek - name - actions - indications

Trigonella foenum-graecum - DEMULCENT, CARMINATIVE, BITTER - anti-inflam., nourishing, expectorant - galactagogue, oxytocic - anti-diabetic - Tx: irritated mucous membranes, resp. infx/irritation, dyspepsia, anorexia

DGL does what?

in rats, stimulated proliferation of forestomach aka mucus secreting cells - Tx: mouth ulcers w mouth wash