Final Flashcards
Artichoke
Cynara scolymus
Cynara scolymus
Leaf - choleretic, hepatoprotective, bitter - depurative of the LR Tx: - sluggish LR, gallstones, hyperlipidemia, dyspepsia, KD dz, overall METABOLIC TONIC C/I: - bile duct obstruction
Milk Thistle
Silybum marianum
Silybum marianum
Seed - HEPATOPROTECTIVE, hepatotonic, antihepatotoxic (against mushroom toxicity), bitter - galactagogue Tx: - LR Dz!! C/I: - allergies to asteraceae family
Which herb shows a hepatoprotective effect against lead in rats?
Cynara scolymus
Fringe Tree
Chionanthus virginicus
Chionanthus virginicus
Inner Bark - cooling, drying, moves congestion - CHOLEGOGUE, CHOLERETIC, bitter - antiseptic, cathartic, diurectic Tx: - JAUNDICE, hepatomegaly, GB, constipation, wounds/inflam.
What special compound is in Silybum marianum?
flavanolignan (silibinin)
- duno if it’s this guy, but this plant protects cells by protecting the mitochondria!
- also, regeneration of cells
Dandelion
Taraxacum off.
Taraxacum off.
Leaf, Root
- cooling
- CHOLERETIC, cholegogue, bitter
- nutritive, aperient, diuretic
Tx:
Inadeq. bile produtcion, GB probs, LOA, weak digestion
Herb Indicated for: remove torpor, engorgement of LR, dropsies, uterine obstructions, chronic dz of skin, impairment of digestive fx
Taraxacum off.
C/I for inflam. of GI
Chickory
Cichorium intybus
Cichorium intybus
Root
- mild bitter tonic, HEPATOPROTECTIVE
- coffee sub. protects LR when drinking coffee
Mahonia spp
BITTER, anticatarrhal, antimicrob., CHOLAGOGUE, alterative, mild lax.
- LR specificity of seat
Tx:
- skin, GB fx, infx
Arctium lappa
Root, cooling - BITTER, LR TONIC - alterative - antitumor, antimutagenic - antirheumatic - phytoestrogenic Tx: - SKIN, anorexia nervosa, etc.
Which herb showed hepatoprotective effect against acetominophen in mice?
Taraxacum off
- also see hypolipidemic, antiox, reduction of adipogenesis/lipid accum.
Curcuma longa
rhizome, moves stagn.
- CHOLAGOGUE, CHOLERETIC, lowers cholesterol, HEPATOPROTECTIVE, carminative
- alterative
- vulnerary
- cardioprotective antiox, anti-inflam., anticarcinogenic
*specificity of seat = LR, circulatory system
Tx:
- many effects throughout body: inflam., LR, skin, CVD
Which herb balances 3 doshas?
Curcuma longa
Greater Celandine
Chelidonium majus
Chelidonium majus
*hepatotoxic?!?!?!
Aerial, Root
- CHOLEGOGUE, CHOLERETIC
- antispasmodic to bile ducts; GI tract
Name some bitters
- aloe barbadensis
- althea off
- angelica archangelica
- artemisia absinthum
- citrus spp
- elettaria cardamomum
- foeniculum vulgare
- gentiana lutea
- mahonia spp
- matricaria recutita
- mentha piperita
- pimpinella anisum
- taraxacum off
- trigonella foenum-graecum
- zingiber off
- ulmus fulva
- glycyrrhiza glabra
What do bitters do?
- Stimulate: ghrelin, cck, motility, saliva, prolif. of mucosal cells
- anti-inflam.
The Quintessential Digestive Bitter:
- Gentiana lutea
- is cooling
- is also, analgesic, cholagogue, anti-inflam
Alterative Bitters:
Taraxacum officinale, Cynara scolymus, Rumex crispus, Mahonia spp.
Aromatic Bitters:
Zingiber officinale, Citrus sinensis/aurantium, Elettaria cardamomum
Bitter Carminatives
Matricaria recutita, Angelica archangelica
Citrus sinensis/aurantium classically used as?
- what other conditions can it tx?
- why should you be cautious when tx fair skinned pts?
- bitter tonic for dyspepsia and LOA
- (D-limonene tx cholesterol gallstones and GERD)
- (photosensitizing … C. aurantium)
Mugwort:
- name
- actions
- Artemisia vulgaris
- Bitter, Carminative
- febrifuge, nervine, antimicrob, antiinflam, emmenagogue, vermifuge
- used as MOXA
Wormwood:
- name
- actions
- *toxicity
- Artemisia absinthum
- Bitter, Carminative
- febrifuge, antimicrob, anthelmintic, antidepressant
- THUJONE in high doses is TOXIC
Oregon Grape:
- name
- actions
Mahonia spp
- BITTER, ALTERATIVE
- mild lax, cholagogue
- anticatarrhal, antimicrob
- remember, specificity of seat = LIVER
- Tx: skin, GB fx, infx
Peppermint
- name
- actions
- indications
Mentha piperita
- CARMINATIVE, ANTISPASMODIC, anti-inflam., analgesic, anti-pruritic, cephalic
- GASTRODYNIA, FLATULENT COLIC, DIFFICULT DIGESTION
Fennel Seed
- name
- actions & indications
Foeniculum vulgare
- CARMINATIVE, ANTISPASMODIC, Bitter, anti-inflam., galactagogue, corrigent
- great AROMATIC
- Tx: FLATULENCE, GI spasms/colic
Chamomile
- name
- actions
- high doses cause?
Matricaria recutita
- STOMACHIC, antispasmodic, antiemetic
- nervine, anxiolytic, antidepressant
- vulnerary
- anti-inflam.
- Tx: nervousness, impatience, discontent, insominia
- high doses cause V and diarrhea
Specificity of Seat is GI TRACT and NERVOUS SYSTEM
Matricaria recutita
Specificity of Seat is HOLLOW TUBES
Foeniculum vulgare
Specificity of Seat is CIRCULATORY, DIGESTIVE, RESPIRATORY
Zingiber officinale
Ginger
- actions
- indications
Zingiber officinale
- CARMINATIVE, STOMACHIC
- warming, stimulating, draws E to center
- Tx: coldness, spasms/colic, flatulence, N/V, motion sickness, morning sickness
Angelica archangelica
- Actions
- Indications
- CARMINATIVE, STOMACHIC, BITTER, ANTISPASMODIC
- TX: INFLAMED MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF GI
Marshmallow
- name
- actions, indications
Althea officinalis
- DEMULCENT, soothing to mucous membranes of GI tract
- anti-inflam.
- stimulates cell regeneration
Slippery Elm
- name
- actions, indications
Ulmus spp.
- DEMULCENT, soothing to mucous membranes of GI tract
- anti-inflam.
- mildly astringent
Glycyrrhiza glabra/uralensis
- actions
- C/I
- DEMULCENT, MUCOPROTECTIVE, ANTI-INFLAM., ANTI-ULCER
- anti-spasmodic, mild lax, adaptogen, harmonizer, synergist, anti-viral, expectorant, adrenal tonic, anticariogenic
- C/I: HTN, hypokalemia, pregN, KD failure, potentiates cardiac glycosides
Fenugreek
- name
- actions
- indications
Trigonella foenum-graecum
- DEMULCENT, CARMINATIVE, BITTER
- anti-inflam., nourishing, expectorant
- galactagogue, oxytocic
- anti-diabetic
- Tx: irritated mucous membranes, resp. infx/irritation, dyspepsia, anorexia
DGL does what?
in rats, stimulated proliferation of forestomach aka mucus secreting cells
- Tx: mouth ulcers w mouth wash
