Final Flashcards
1
Q
Ferrous sulfate adverse effects
A
gastritis, colitis, esophagitis, bloating,
2
Q
ferrous sulfate absorption
A
on empty stomach or w/ acidic drink
don’t give with antacids
avoid time-release with elderly
3
Q
ferrous sulfate toxicity
A
leading cause of death in children; lavage or give furoximine
4
Q
ferrous sulfate side effects
A
dark green or black stool
watch pt with liver disease
5
Q
Iron Dextran absorption
A
anaphylaxis w/ IV
IM causes pain and discoloration
6
Q
iron dextran toxicity
A
give Epinephrine
7
Q
Vitamin B12 defficiency will cause
A
nerve damage, megaloblastic anemia, 2nd hypokalemia.
Test for folic acid anemia
8
Q
Vit B12 absorption
A
anaphylaxis when given IV
9
Q
folic acid deficiency
A
megaloblastic anemia
10
Q
folic acid D-D
A
ETOH
11
Q
Acyclovir Uses
A
Tx of Herpes simplex virus and Varicella-zoster virus
12
Q
Acyclovir adverse effects
A
reversible nephrotoxicity, phlebitis
13
Q
Acyclovir absorption
A
only give PO
14
Q
Ketoconazole uses
A
alternative to amphoteracin B
Class: anti-fungal
15
Q
Ketoconazole side effects
A
Can decrease fertility
16
Q
ferrous sulfate used for Tx of
A
microcytic, hypochromic cells
16
Q
amphotericin B uses
A
DOC for most progressive, potentially fatal, systemic mycoses
Class: anti-fungal
17
Q
amphotericin B Absorption
A
hihgly toxic, slow IV infusion only, therapy takes weeks to months
18
Q
Amphotericin B Adverse effects
A
phlebitis, infusion reaction, nephrotoxicity, cuases hypokalemia, and bone marrow suppression
19
Q
Biphosphonates uses
A
prevents Ca loss, osteoporosis, cancer pts
20
Q
Biphosphonate absorption
A
Take only with a full glass of water in an upright position
Half-life 180 yrs
21
Q
biphosphonate adverse effects
A
can cause esophagitis, occular inflamation, yoru jaw can rot off
22
Q
Atropine uses
A
Tx of bradycardia,
23
Q
Atropine adverse effects
A
dry mouth (xerostomia), increases intra-occular pressure, urinary retention, constipation, HTN, thick bronchial secretions
24
Atropine D-D
antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, anti-psychotic,
25
Morphine uses
Tx of pain
26
morphine toxicity
give narcan (naloxalone)
27
morphine adverse effects
opioid constipation
28
morphine D-D
other opioids, other CNS depressants,
29
Acetaminophen toxicity
Give acetylcystine
30
Psyllium use
bulk-forming laxative
| behaves like dietary fiber
31
Bisacodyl use
stimulant laxative
| stimulates gut motility
32
Senna use
stimulant laxative
33
Promethazine uses
relieves nausea
34
Promethazine adverse effects
contraindicated in children under 2 yrs.
| hypotension, sedation, anticholinergic effects, tissue damage, black box warning
35
Diphenoxylate uses
anti-diarrheal
36
Diphenoxylate adverese effects
sedation and tachycardia
37
Diphenhydramine uses
Tx of motion sickness
| Class: H1 antagonist
38
Diphenhydramine adverse effects
sedation (like ETOH excess), paradoxical excitation (tremors, nervousness, convulsions). NVD, constipation, loss of apetite,
39
Diphenhydramine D-D
ETOH, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, Opioids
40
Diphenhydramine toxicity
Tx w/ activated charcoal followed with cathartics. Ice packs
41
Aspirin uses
analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory.
| Class: cox inhibitor
42
Aspirin adverse effects
bleeding, ulcers, renal impairment,
43
Aspirin D-D
anticoagulants, glucocorticoids, ibuprofen, ACEs/ARBs, ETOH
44
Aspirin toxicity
Sx: respiratory excitation/depression, hyperthermia, dehydration, stupor, coma.
Tx with charcoal, dialysis,
45
Diazepam uses
Tx of insomnia, anxiety, seizures, spasms, conscious sedation.
Class: Benzodiazepine
46
Diazepam adverse effects
amnesia, paradoxical reaction, abuse.
47
Diazepam D-D
other CNs depressants
48
Diazepam toxicity
Tx w/ Flumazenil, activated charcoal, dialysis
49
Famotidine uses
Tx of gastric.duodenal ulcers, GERD
| Class: H2RA
50
Famotidine adverse effects
antiandrogen(?), CNS depression/excitement, Pneumonia, HypoTN
51
Famotidine D-D
CYP450, antacids decrease absorption
52
Omeprazole uses
short term Tx of ulcers, esophagitis, & GERD
| Class: PPI
53
Omeprazole adverse effects
HA, NVD, Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), fracture, Rebound acid hypersecretion, hypomagnesemia.
54
Omeprazole D-D
Atazanavir, ketoconazole, itracanazole, Ca+
55
Vancomycin uses
Tx of MRSA, 2nd line for C-Diff
| Disrupts cell wall
56
Vancomycin adverse effects
renal failure, ototoxicity,
57
Pen G uses
weakens cell wall
58
Pen G adverse effects
most common cause of Dx allergy
59
Pen G D-D
Aminoglycosides, probenecid, bacteriostatic abx, oral contraceptives
60
Cephalexin uses
Bactericidal, beta-lactam abx
61
Chephalexin, adverse effects
anaphylaxis, thrombophlebitis, C-Diff
62
Fluoxetine uses
Tx of bulimia, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, tourette's and obesity.
class: SSRI
63
Fluoxetine adverse efffects
impotence, Nausea, HA, insomnia, weight gain, serotonin syndrome, bruxism (teeth grinding)
64
Fluoxetine D-D
MAOIs, TCAs, warfarin/NSAIDs
65
Imipramine uses
Tx of bipolar disorder, neuropathic/chronic pain, insomnia, fibromyalgia, OCD
Class: TCA
66
Imipramine adverse effects
orthostatic HypoTN, sedation, anticholinergic effects, diaphoresis, cardiotoxicity, seizures, "Yawngasm"
67
Imipramine D-D
MAOIsm sympathomimetics, potentiate anticholinergic agents
68
St. John's Wort uses
intensifies serotonin, CYP 450
| Class: anti-depressant
69
Prednisone uses
mimics glucocorticoids
| Class: glucocorticoid
70
Prednisone adverse effects
adrenal insuficiency, osteoporosis, infection, glucose intolerance, myopathy, F & E imbalance, cataracts/glaucoma, PUD, Cushing's syndrome
71
Prednisone D-D
K+ loss interactions, NSAIDs, insulin, oral hypoglycemic, vaccines
72
Phenytoin uses
Tx of partial and tonic-clonic seizures.
| Class: AED
73
Phenytoin adverse effects
Nystagmus, diploplia, sedation, ataxia, gingival hyperplasia, skin rash (SJS),
74
Phenytoin D-D
Phenytoin decreases effects of: oral contraceptives, warfarin, glucocorticoids.
Dx increase Phenytoin levels: Diazepam, Isoniazid, Cimetidine, ETOH, Valporic acid.
And CNS depressants
75
Carbamazepine uses
Tx of epilepsy (not absnce), bipolar, trigeminal & glossopharyngeal neuralgias.
Class: AED
76
Carbamazepine adverse effects
Leukopenia, nystagmus, blurred vision, water excretion impaired, SJS
77
Carbamazepine D-D
warfarin, contraceptives, phenobarbital, phenytoin, grapefruit.
78
Furosemide uses
Pulmonary edema of CHF, edematous states, HTN.
| Class: loop diuretic
79
Furosemide adverse effects
hyponatremia, hypochloremia,HypoTN, hypokalemia, dehydration, ototoxicity, hyperglycemia, hyperurecemia
80
Furosemide D-D
Digoxin, ototoxic drugs, K-sparing diuretics, anti-HTN agents, NSAIDs
81
Hydrochlorothiazide uses
Tx of HTN, edema, lowers urine output in Diabetes Insipudus (DI)
Class: diuretic
82
hydrochlorothiazide adverse effects
Hyponatremia, chloremia, NypoTN, dehydration, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperurecemia.
CAN USE W/ OTOTOXICS
83
Gentamycin uses
abx, bactericidal
| Class: aminoglycoside
84
Gentamycin adverse effects
vertigo, no PO
85
Tetracycline uses
broad spectrum abx
86
Tetracycline adverse effects
teeth browning, supra-infection
87
Clindamycin uses
Tx of respiratory abcess and infection, vaginal infection, skin infection.
Class: abx (in place of Penicillin)
88
Captopril uses
TX of HTN, heart failure, diabetic neuropthay, prevention of MI, stroke.
Class: ACE inhibitors
89
Captopril adverse effects
1st dose HypoTn, COUGH, hyperkalemia, angioedema.
90
Captopril D-D
Diruetics, antiHTN agents, K-sparing drugs, Lithium, NSAIDs, salt substitutes
91
Propranolol uses
Tx of angina pectoris, MI, HTn, cardiac dysrhythmias.
| Class: Beta 1 & 2 blocker
92
Propranolol adverse effects
bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, AV heart block, percipitation of heart failure,
93
Propranolol d-D
CCBs (verapamil) & insulin
94
Metoprolol uses
Tx of angina pectoris, MI, HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias
| Class: Beta 1 blocker
95
Metoprolol adverse effects
Bradycardia, AV heart block, percipitation of heart failure
96
Clonidine uses
Tx of HTN, tachycardia, cancer pain.
| Class: vasodilator, anti-HTN
97
Clonidine adverse effects
rebound HTN, drowsiness, dry mouth, embryotoxic, constipation ,impotence, gynecomastia
98
Verapamil uses
Tx of angina pectoris, primary HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias, A-flutter/fib/ SVT, & migraine prevention.
Class: CCB
99
Verapamil adverse effects
Constipation (elderly), dizziness, facial flushing, HA, edema, gingival Hyperplasia, bradycardia, decreased stroke volume.
100
Verapamil D-D
Digoxin, grapefruit juice
101
Verapamil toxicity
Tx w/ calcium gluconate, nor-epi, atropine, pacer, cathartics.
102
Naloxone uses
reversal of narcotic
| Class: Opioid Antagonist
103
Naloxone adverse effects
acute withdrawal
104
Warfarin uses
TX of prophylaxis, thrombosis, prevention of DVT, required with mech heart valve and A-Fib.
Class: anticoagulants
105
Warfarin adverse effects
Hemorrhage, reddish/orange urine, alopecia.
106
Warfarin D-D
Tylenol?, mayo, canola oil, spinach, broccoli.
107
Enoxaparin uses
Post-op prevention of DVT, ischemic complications of MI
| Class: anticoagulant
108
Enoxaparin adverse effects
bleeding
109
Ibuprofen uses
RA and OA
110
Ibuprofen adverse effects
NOT cardioprotective, cause Na and water retention.
111
Acetominophen uses
Tx of pain, fever (not anti-inflammatory
112
Acetominophen adverse effects
hepatotoxicity, ETOH connection
113
Acetominophen Toxicity
TX w/ acetylcysteine
114
Pseudoephedrine uses
Tx of sinusitis & colds
| Class: sympathomimetic
115
Pseudoephedrine adverse effects
rebound congestion, CNS stimulation, abuse.
116
Isotretinoin uses
tx of severe acne
| Class: retinoids
117
Isotretinoin adverse effects
nosebleed, inflammed lips/eyes, muscle/back pain, UV light sensitivity, high triglycerides, highly teratogenic.
118
Isotretinoin D-D
Tetracyclines, Vit A, ETOH, Methotrexate, food enhances effects
119
Epinephrine uses
vasoconstriction,
| Class: Adrenergic Agonist
120
Epinephrine adverse effects
HTN, necrosis, bradycardia/tachycardia, tremor, chest pain, hyperglycemia
121
Epinephrine D-D
MAOIs, TCAs, general anisthetics, Alpha and Beta Blockers
