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Pharmacology 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Magnesium - MOA

A

Alkaline agents that neutralize acid and decrease destruction of gut wall.

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2
Q

Magnesium - Adverse effects

A

Diarrhea, Na+ loading, CHF, HTN, high levels in renal failure pts.

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3
Q

Magnesium - D-D

A

May impair absorption of other antacids.

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4
Q

Sulcralfate - MOA

A

Barrier

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5
Q

Sulcralfate - ADME

A
  • 1 hr before meals and at bedtime
  • big tabs or suspension
  • may impair absorption of some drugs
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6
Q

Pen G - MOA

A

Weakens cell walls

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7
Q

Pen G - ADME

A
  • can give IV
  • useless PO
  • renal excretion
  • dosage in units
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8
Q

Pen G - Adverse effects

A

Most common cause of drug allergy

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9
Q

Pen G - D-D

A
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Probenecid delays excretion
  • Bacteriostatic antibiotics
  • oral contraceptives
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10
Q

Amoxicillin - ADME

A

-preferred PO

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11
Q

Ampicillin/sulbactam - MOA

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor

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12
Q

Ampicillin/sulbactam - Precautions

A
  • give a full glass of water

- take complete dose

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13
Q

Cephalexin - MOA

A
  • beta-lactam abx

- bactericidal

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14
Q

Cephalexin - Adverse effects

A
  • hypersensitivity
  • anaphylaxis
  • thrombophlebitis
  • patin at injection site
  • CDAD
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15
Q

Cefoperazone - Precautions

A

increase in bleeding

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16
Q

Cefotetan - Precautions

A
  • increase in bleeding

- ETOH intolerance

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17
Q

Ceftriaxone - Precautions

A
  • increase in bleeding

- potentially fatal if given w/ Ca+

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18
Q

Vancomycin - MOA

A

disrupts cell wall

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19
Q

Vancomycin - Adverse effects

A
  • renal failure
  • ototoxicity
  • thrombophlebitis
  • allergy
  • Red Man Syndrome
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20
Q

Vancomycin - Precautions

A

potentially toxic

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21
Q

Fluoxetine - MOA

A

selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, resulting in elevated serotonin levels

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22
Q

Fluoxetine - Adverse effects

A
  • impotence
  • nausea
  • HA
  • anxiety
  • insomnia
  • weight gain
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23
Q

Fluoxetine - D-D

A

MAOIs
TCAs
warfarin/NSAIDs

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24
Q

Bupropion - MOA

A

unclear

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25
Bupropion - Adverse effects
``` seizure tachycardia agitation insomnia rare hallucinations HA blurred vision dry mouth constipation wight loss ```
26
Bupropion - D-D
St. John's Wort and MAOIs
27
Amitriptyline - MOA
TCA | sedative
28
Amitriptyline - Adverse effects
- Orthostatic hypotension - sedation - anticholinergic effects - diaphoresis - cardiotoxicity - seizures - hypomania - "yawngasm"
29
Amitriptyline - D-D
MAOIs w/ severe HTN
30
St. John's Wort - MOA
intensifies serotonin, CYP 450
31
Benzodiazepines - Uses
- Insomnia - anxiety - seizures - spasms - pre-op - intra-op - conscious sedation - ETOH withdrawal
32
Benzodiazepines - MOA
depresses CNS at multiple sites by potentiating GABA
33
Benzodiazepines - Adverse effects
- Amnesia - paradoxical - cardiac/respiratory - malnutrition - liver disease - blood levels
34
Benzodiazepines - ADME
- Extensive metabolism - readily absobed - differ in respect to time, tolerance, & physical dependance
35
Benxodiazepines - D-D
other CNS depressants
36
Barbiturates - MOA
mimics GABA causing direct CNS depression
37
Barbiturates - Adverse effects
- Respiratory depression - hypotension in toxic doses - classic triad
38
Barbiturates - Precautions
- highly addictive - tolerance & dependence - caution in elderly (D-D) - caution with IM
39
Barbiturates - D-D
other CNS depressants
40
Zolopidem - MOA
Agonists at benzo receptor on GABA channel prolonging sleep duration
41
Zolopidem - Adverse effects
- can intensify CNS depressants | - similar to Benzo
42
Diphenhydramine - MOA
- selectively bind to histaminic receptors | - can also bind to muscarinic receptors
43
Diphenhydramine - Adverse effects
sedation, diziness, lack of coordination, confusion, tremors, nervousness, convulsions, N,V,D, constipation, loss of appetite
44
Diphenhydramine - D-D
ETOH, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, Opioids
45
Diphenhydramine - Contraindications
pregnancy, lactation, asthma, children/elderly, urinary retention, HTN, OA glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy
46
Fexofenadine - MOA
antagonist of histamine to relieve symptoms of allergic rhinitis and urticarias
47
Fexofenadine - ADME
-does not readily cross blood/brain barrier
48
Fexofenadine - D-F
Fruit juices
49
Prednisone - MOA
mimics natural glucocorticoids almost exactly
50
Prednisone - Adverse effects
- adrenal insufficiency - osteoporosis - infection - glucose intolerance - myopathy - fluid electrolyte imbalance - growth retardation - psychological disturbances - cataracts - glaucoma - PUD - Cushing's syndrome
51
Prednisone - ADME
absorption and duration depend on dosage/route
52
Prednisone D-D
- interactions related to K+ loss - NSAIDs - insulin - oral hypoglycemic - vaccines
53
Prednisone - Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections | - live virus vaccine
54
Omeprazol - MOA
suppresses secretion of gastric acid
55
Omeprazol - Adverse effects
- HA - N,V,D - CAP - fracture - rebound acid hypersecretion - hypomagnesemia
56
Omeprazol - ADME
Enteric coated
57
Omeprazol - D-D
reduces absorption of atazanavir, ketoconazole, and itraconazole
58
Promethazine _ MOA
blocks H1 receptors without blocking secretion of histamine
59
Promethazine - Adverse effects
- respiratory depression - N & V - dermatits - phototoxicity - urticaria - CNS Depression
60
Promethazine - Contraindications
- comatose states - hypersensitivity to drug - asthma - sub-q or intra-arterial admin
61
Prednisolone - Adverse effects
- HTN - CHF - DM - Iatogenic Cushing's disease - myopathy
62
Prednisolone - D-D
Rotavirus vaccine
63
Prednisolone - contraindications
-systemic fungal infections
64
Fluoxetine - Class
Antidepressant
65
Bupropion - Class
Antidepressant
66
Amitrptyline - Class
TCA | Tricyclic antidepressant
67
St. John's Wort - Class
Antidepressant
68
Benzodiazepine - Class
Sedative, Hypnotics
69
Barbiturates - Class
Sedative, Hypnotics
70
Zolpidem - Class
Sedative, Hypnotics
71
Diphenhydramine - Class
Antihistamine
72
Fexofenadine - Class
Antihistamine
73
Promethazine - Class
Antihistmaine
74
Prednisone - Class
Glucocorticoid
75
Prednisolone - Class
Glucocorticoid
76
Omeprazol - Class
PPI
77
Famotidine - Class
H2RA
78
Magnesium - Class
Antacid
79
Sulcralfate - Class
PPI
80
Pen G - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
81
Amoxicillin - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
82
Ampicillin/Sulbactan - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
83
Cephalexin - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
84
Ceftriaxone - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
85
Cefoperazone - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
86
Cefotetan - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
87
Vancomycin - Class
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
88
Amoxicillin - MOA
disrupts cell wall synthesis
89
Amoxicillin - Adverse effects
CDAD, anaphylaxis, Steven Johnson's syndrome
90
Famotidine - MOA
H2A receptor antagonist, inhibits concentration and volume of gastric secretion
91
Famotidine - D-D
- Cefditoren - cefpodoxime - cyclosporine

Pharmacology 1 (4 decks)

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